Review of the medicinal potential of the Flora of Embu-Verde Environmental Preservation Area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15266Keywords:
Biodiversity; Atlantic forest; Medicinal plants; Environmental preservation; Environmental education.Abstract
The Atlantic Forest Biome is essential for 72% of the Brazilian population, but only a small part of the population has knowledge and values this environmental heritage. This biome is under constant threat; thus, strategies and actions are needed for its preservation and conservation. The Embu-Verde Environmental Preservation Area (EPA) concentrates a big part of the remaining biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest, and because it is close to the largest urban center in the country, it is increasingly threatened. The use of plants as a medicinal tool has been explored since the beginning of mankind. In fact, many of the compounds used in the health area derive from the flora. In this context, this study aimed to identify the medicinal potential of the EPA Embu-Verde flora, from the perspective that it is necessary to know to be able to preserve. Based on previous studies registering the biodiversity of EPA Embu-Verde, all the species of flora listed were investigated to identify its medicinal potential. We show here that of the 202 native species identified in the EPA Embu-Verde, there are 35 species of 23 botanical families that presented medicinal potential. The Myrtaceae family was the most cited, and its anti-inflammatory potential was the most prominent, moreover, several other uses were reported for the remaining flora. The medicinal potential of the flora of EPA Embu-Verde is still underestimated, therefore the recognition of medicinal species by the population is important. The preservation of the flora is essential to guarantee the possibility of future bioprospecting studies that will investigate the therapeutic potential of the still unknown medicinal species.
References
Alice, C. B., Vargas, V. M. F., Silva, G. A. A. B., Siqueira, N. C. S., Schapoval, E. E. S., Gleye, J., Henriques, J. A. P., & Henriques, A. T. (1991). Screening of plants used in south Brazilian folk medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 35 (2), 165–171. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(91)90069-p
Almeida, F P. (2014). Histórico de criação das categorias de unidades de conservação no Brasil. Dissertação de mestrado, Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Escola Superior de Conservação ambiental e sustentabilidade, Nazaré Paulista, SP, Brasil.
Anthonia, O. C., Ikechukwu, U. R, Uzoma, N. O., & Sunday, E. L. U (2019). Nutritive properties of aqueous extract Justicia carnea leaves and its effects on hematological and some biochemical indices of anemia induced male wistar albino rats. Biomedical Research. 30 (4), 18-666. doi: 10.35841/biomedicalresearch.30-18-666
Benvenutti, R. C., Dala Vechia, C. A., Locateli, G., Serpa, P. Z., Lutinski, J. A., Rodrigues Junior, S. A., Corralo, V., Gutiérrez, M. V., Vilegas, W., Somensi, L. B., Longo, B., Knihs, J. F., da Silva, L. M., de Andrade, S. F., & Roman Junior, W. A. (2019). Gastroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Urera baccifera in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 250, 112473 doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112473
Bezerra, G. P., Góis, R. W. S., de Brito, T. S., de Lima, F. J. B., Bandeira, M. A. M., Romero, N. R., Magalhães, P. J. C., & Santiago, G. M. P. (2013). Phytochemical study guided by the myorelaxant activity of the crude extract, fractions and constituent from stem bark of Hymenaea courbaril L. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 149(1),62-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.052.
Camponogara, C., da Silva Brum, E., Belke, BV, Faccim de Brum, T., da Silva Jesus, R., Piana, M., Bauermann, L. F, & Oliveira, S. M. (2019). Casearia decandra leaves present anti-inflammatory efficacy in a skin inflammation model in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 249, 112436. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112436
Carvalho, M. G., Melo, A. G. N., Aragão, C. F. S., Raffin, F. N., & Moura, T. F. A. L. (2013). Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi: chemical composition, biological properties and toxicity. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 15(1), 158-169. Doi: 10.1590/S1516-05722013000100022
Colombo, A. F., & Joly, C. A. (2010). Brazilian Atlantic Forest lato sensu: The most ancient Brazilian forest, and a biodiversity hotspot, is highly threatened by climate change. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 70 (3), 697–708. doi: 10.1590/S1519-69842010000400002
Coradin, L. (2011). A iniciativa plantas para o futuro. In Coradin, L., Siminski, A., & Reis, A. Espécies nativas da flora brasileira de valor econômico atual ou potencial: plantas para o futuro – Região Sul. (pp. 25-64). Brasília – DF. Ministério do Meio Ambiente
Correa, M. P. (1984). Dicionário de Plantas Úteis e das Exóticas Cultivadas. 1. Rio de Janeiro: Ministério da Agricultura.
De Souza, A. M., de Oliveira, C. F., de Oliveira, V. B., Betim, F. C. M., Miguel, O. G., & Miguel, M. D. (2018). Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Antimicrobial Activities of Eugenia Species – A Review. Planta Médica, 84 (17), 1232-1248. doi: 10.1055/a-0656-7262
Dolenc, L. D., Pelosoni, J. C., Fabrinni, M. (2013). APA EMBU-VERDE - Riqueza e Fragilidade num território de conflitos SEAE – Sociedade Ecológica Amigos de Embu. Embu das Artes, SP. Recuperado em 9 de novembro de 2020 de https://seaembu.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/APA_EMBU_VERDE_DEZ_2013.pdf
Durant-Archibold, A. A., Santana, A. I., & Gupta, M. P. (2018). Ethnomedical uses and pharmacological activities of most prevalent species of genus Piper in Panama: A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 217, 63–82. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.008
Embu das Artes (2020). Aspectos históricos, geográficos e Economia. Recuperado em 11 de novembro de 2020 de http://www.cidadeembudasartes.sp.gov.br/embu/portal/pagina/ver/209
Ferreira, P. M. P., Costa-Lotufo, L. V., Moraes, M. O., Barros, F. W. A., Martins, A. M. A., Cavalheiro, A. J., Bolzani, V. S., Santos, A. G., & Pessoa, C. (2011). Folk uses and pharmacological properties of Casearia sylvestris: a medicinal review. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 83(4), 1373-1384. doi: 10.1590/S0001-37652011005000040
Formagio-Neto, F., Volobuff, C. R. F., Pederiva, M. M. C., Pereira, Z. V., Sarragiotto, M. H., Cardoso, C. A. L., Kassuya, C. A. L., & Formagio, A. S. N (2019). Anti-inflammatory action of an alkaloid, fraction and extract from Alchornea glandulosa in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacol, 231, 66-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.001
Gan, R. Y., Zhang, D., Wang, M., & Corke, H. (2018). Health Benefits of Bioactive Compounds from the Genus Ilex, a Source of Traditional Caffeinated Beverages. Nutrients, 10(11),1682. doi: 10.3390/nu10111682
Kott, V., Barbini, L., Cruañes, M., Muñoz, J. D. D., Vivot, E., Cruañes, J., Martino, V., Ferraro, G., Cavallaro, L., & Campos, R (1998). Antiviral activity in argentine medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 64 (1), 79–84. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(98)00098-1
Leal, M. B, & Elisabetsky, E. (1996). Absence of alkaloids in Psychotria carthagenensis Jacq. (Rubiaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 54 (1), 37-40. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(96)01448-1
Lei complementar n 108, de 11 de dezembro de 2008 (2008). Dispõe sobre a criação de unidade de conservação municipal de uso sustentável-área de proteção ambiental APA Embu-Verde. Recuperado em 19 novembro, 2020, de
http://cidadeembudasartes.sp.gov.br/embu/assets/uploads/portal/secre374/Lei_108_-2008.pdf
Lei n 6.902, de 27 de abril de 1981 (1981). Dispõe sobre a criação de Estações Ecológicas; Lei da Área de Proteção Ambiental. Diário Oficial da União. Brasília.
Lorenzi, H. & Matos, F. J. A. (2008) Plantas Medicinais no Brasil – Nativas e exóticas. (2 ed.) Nova Odessa. Instituto Plantarum.
Luengas-Caicedo, P. E., Braga, F. C., Brandão, G. C., & de Oliveira, A. B. (2007). Seasonal and Intraspecific Variation of Flavonoids and Proanthocyanidins in Cecropia glaziovi Sneth. Leaves from Native and Cultivated Specimens. Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C, 62 (9-10):701-9. doi: 10.1515/znc-2007-9-1013
Mascia Lopes, F. C., Calvo, T. R., Vilegas, W., & Carlos, I. Z. (2010). Anti-inflammatory activity of Alchornea triplinervia ethyl acetate fraction: Inhibition of H2O2, NO and TNF-α. Pharmaceutical Biology, 48 (12), 1320-1327. doi: 10.3109/13880201003747463
Melo, M. A., & Franco, M. I. (2008). Atlas socioambiental de Embu. Câmara Brasileira do Livro, SP, Brasil. Recuperado em 5 de novembro de 2020 de http://www.somapalavraeforma.com.br/wpcontent/uploads/2016/11/atlas_embu.
Mendes, M. M., Oliveira, C. F., Lopes, D. S., Vale, L. H. F., Alcântara, T. M., Izidoro, L. F. M., Hamaguchi, A., Homsi‐Brandeburgo, M. I., Soares, A. M., & Rodrigues, V. M (2008). Anti‐snake venom properties of Schizolobium parahyba (Caesalpinoideae) aqueous leaves extract. Phytotherapy research, 22 (7), 859-866.
Ministério do Meio Ambiente (2017). Estratégia e Plano de Ação Nacionais para a Biodiversidade. Recuperado em 9 de novembro de 2020 de https://antigo.mma.gov.br/images/arquivo/80049/EPANB/EPANB_PORT.pdf
Miranda, O. D. E (2012). Levantamento de Espécies Vegetais da Mata Atlântica com Potencial Medicinal. .1-11, 2012. Recuperado em 23 de setembro de 2020 de https://www.embrapa.br/meio-ambiente/
Mota, M. C. O. (2018). Município de Embu das artes e sua contextualização histórica. Afluente: Revista de Letras e Linguística. 3 (7), 21-45.
Moura-Costa, G, F., Nocchi, S. R., Ceole, L. F., Mello, J. C. P., Nakamura, C. V., Dias Filho, V. P., Temponi, L. G., & Ueda-Nakamura, T. (2012). Antimicrobial activity of plants used as medicinals on an indigenous reserve in Rio das Cobras, Paraná, and Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 143 (2), 631–638. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.016
Newman, D. J., & Cragg, G. M. (2019). Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01/1981 to 09/2019. Journal of Natural Products, 83 (3), 770–803. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01285
Niero, R., Faloni de Andrade, S., & Cechinel Filho, V. (2011). A Review of the Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Plants of the Maytenus Genus. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 17 (18), 1851–1871. doi: 10.2174/138161211796391029
Patay, E. B, Bencsik, T., & Papp, N. (2016). Phytochemical overview and medicinal importance of Coffea species from the past until now. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 9(12), 1127-1135. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.11.008
Pedone-Bonfim, M. V., Lins, M. A., Coelho, I. R., Santana, A. S., Silva, F. S., & Maia, L. C. (2012). Mycorrhizal technology and phosphorus in the production of primary and secondary metabolites in cebil (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan) seedlings. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(6), 1479-84. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5919
Pereira, E. S., Vinholes, J., Franzon, R. C., Dalmazo, G., Vizzotto, M., & Nora, L. (2018). Psidium cattleianum fruits: A review on its composition and bioactivity. Food Chemistry, 258, 95–103. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.024
Philippi, M. E., Duarte, B. M., da Silva, C. V., de Souza, M. T., Niero, R., Cechinel-Filho, V., & Bueno, E. C. (2010). Immunostimulatory acivity of Calophyllum brasiliense, Ipomoea pes-caprae and Matayba elaeagnoides demonstrated by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells prolipheration. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 67 (1), 69-73.
Renisus - SUS (2020). Plantas Medicinais de Interesse do SUS – Renisus. Recuperado em 15 novembro, 2020, de https://www.saude.gov.br/acoes-e-programas/programa-nacional-de-plantas-medicinais-e-fitoterapicos/plantas-medicinais-de-interesse-ao-sus-renisus.
Roumy, V., Fabre, N., Portet, B., Bourdy, G., Acebey, L., Vigor, C., Valentin, A., & Moulis, C. (2009). Four anti-protozoal and anti-bacterial compounds from Tapirira guianensis. Phytochemistry, 70 (2), 305-311. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.10.003
Sakita, M. N., Soares, D. M., Kanashiro, M. M., Ribas, D. A., & Pires, B. C. C. (2018). Biochemical products, natural medicines and pharmaceutical products. Diagnosis of the ecosystem services for provision. In Ecosystem services and human well-being in the São Paulo city green belt biosphere reserve Executive summary. Instituto Florestal, Recuperado em 9 de novembro de 2020 de https://www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br/institutoflorestal/
Secretaria do Meio Ambiente (2006). Avaliação Integrada de Remanescentes Florestais de Embu. Recuperado em 10 novembro, 2020, de https://www.infraestruturameioambiente.sp.gov.br/institutoflorestal
Soares, V., Bezerra, T. A., Lafetá, R. C. A., Borges, R. M., & da Silva, A. J. R. (2017). Three New Steroidal Glycoalkaloids from Solanum pseudoquina A. St.-Hil. (Solanaceae). Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 28 (5), 782-789. doi:10.21577/0103-5053.20160229
SOS Mata Atlântica (2020) – Reservas da Biosfera Recuperado em 25 de setembro de 2020 de https://www.sosma.org.br/causas/mata-atlantica.
Tirloni, C. A. S., Palozi, R. A. C., Schaedler, M. I., Marques, A. A. M., Guarnier, L. P., dos Santos, G. S., Lourenço, E. L. B., de Souza, L. M., & Gasparotto Junior, A. (2018). Biomonitoring the cardiorenal effects of Luehea divaricata Mart.: An ethnoguided approach. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 225, 53–63. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.027
Trevizan, L. N. F., do Nascimento, K. F., Santos, J. A., Kassuya, C. A. L., Cardoso, C. A. L., Vieira, M. C., Moreira, F. M. F., Croda, J., & Formagio, A. S. N. (2016). Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of viridiflorol: The major constituent of Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess.) Radlk. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 192, 510–515. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.053
Trojan-Rodrigues, M., Alves, T. L. S, Soares, G. L. G, & Ritter, M. R. (2012). Plants used as antidiabetics in popular medicine in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 139 (1), 155–163. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.10.034
Violante, I. M. P., Hamerski, L., Garcez, W. S., Batista, A. L., Chang, M. R., Pott, V. J., & Garcez, F. R (2012). Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants from the cerrado of the central-western region of Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 43 (4), 1302–1308. Doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822012000400009
Vuong, Q. V., Chalmers, A. C., Bhuyan, D. J., Bowyer, M. C., & Scarlet, C. J. (2015). Botanical, phytochemical, and anticancer properties of the eucalyptus species. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 12 (6), 907–924. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201400327
Weber, D., Gorzalczany, S., Martino, V., Acevedo, C., Sterner, O., & Anke, T. (2005). Metabolites from Endophytes of the Medicinal Plant Erythrina crista-galli. Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C, 60 (5-6), 467–477. doi: 10.1515/znc-2005-5-616
Yin, R.K. (2015). Estudo de caso. (2 ed.) Porto Alegre: Bookman
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Josiane Félix Sousa ; Julia Alejandra Pezuk ; Simone dos Santos Grecco
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
