Psychological impact and associated factors with the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing in Minas Gerais, Brazil: Cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i8.17541Keywords:
COVID-19; Pandemics; Mental health.Abstract
The emergence of a pandemic can have important impacts on the mental health of the affected populations. The objective of this research was to identify the psychological impact and associated factors during a period of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distance in a sample of the inhabitants of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This cross-sectional study had a descriptive character with a quantitative approach. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to assess the suspicion of Common Mental Disorders (CMD). The survey obtained 619 responses through an online questionnaire. The prevalence of CMD in the sample was 42.6% (CI95%: 38.7-46.5). We found associations between CMD and young participants, women, singles, college students, those participants who had a diagnosed mental disorder, who had their routine, studies and family income affected and were very dissatisfied with the information about COVID-19 released by the public health authorities and very concerned about the influence that COVID-19 will have on their studies. The COVID-19 pandemic promoted a relevant psychological impact in this sample of the population of Minas Gerais.
References
Almeida, W. da S. de, Szwarcwald, C. L., Malta, D. C., Barros, M. B. de A., Souza Júnior, P. R. B. de, Azevedo, L. O., … Silva, D. R. P. da. (2020). Mudanças nas condições socioeconômicas e de saúde dos brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 23, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720200105
Aquino, E. M. L., Silveira, I. H., Pescarini, J. M., Aquino, R., & de Souza-Filho, J. A. (2020). Medidas de distanciamento social no controle da pandemia de COVID-19: potenciais impactos e desafios no Brasil. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva, 25, 2423–2446. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020
Barros, M. B. de A., Lima, M. G., Malta, D. C., Szwarcwald, C. L., Azevedo, R. C. S. de, Romero, D., ... Gracie, R. (2020). Report on sadness/depression, nervousness/anxiety and sleep problems in the Brazilian adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Epidemiol.Serv.Saude, 29(4), e2020427. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742020000400018
Bezerra, A. C. V., da Silva, C. E. M., Soares, F. R. G., & da Silva, J. A. M. (2020). Fatores associados ao comportamento da população durante o isolamento social na pandemia de COVID-19. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva, 25, 2411–2421. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10792020
Bezerra, C. B., Saintrain, M. V. de L., Braga, D. R. A., Santos, F. da S., Lima, A. O. P., de Brito, E. H. S., & Pontes, C. de B. (2020). Impacto psicossocial do isolamento durante pandemia de covid-19 na população brasileira: análise transversal preliminar. Saude e Sociedade, 29(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902020200412
Brasil. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. (2020). Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios : PNAD COVID19. Retrieved July 5, 2021, from https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/trabalho/27947-divulgacao-mensal-pnadcovid2.html?edicao=28926&t=o-que-e
Brasil. Ministério da Educação. (2020). Portaria No 343, de 17 de março de 2020. Dispõe sobre a substituição das aulas presenciais por aulas em meios digitais enquanto durar a situação de pandemia do Novo Coronavírus - COVID-19. Recuperado 10 de maio de 2021, de https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/portaria-n-343-de-17-de-marco-de-2020-248564376
Brito-Marques, J. M. de A. M., Franco, C. M. R., Brito-Marques, P. R. de, Martinez, S. C. G., & Prado, G. F. do. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality of medical professionals in Brazil. Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 79(2), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X-anp-2020-0449
Chagas, C. A., Castro, T. G. de, Leite, M. S., Viana, M. A. C. B. M., Beinner, M. A., & Pimenta, A. M. (2019). Prevalência estimada e fatores associados à hipertensão arterial em indígenas adultos Krenak do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Cadernos de Saude Publica, 36(1), e00206818. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00206818
Costa, S. da S. (2020). The pandemic and the labor market in Brazil Simone. Revista de Administração Pública, 54(4), 969–978. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200170
Coutinho, L. M. S., Scazufca, M., & Menezes, P. R. (2008). Métodos para estimar razão de prevalência em estudos de corte transversal. Revista de Saúde Pública, 42(6), 992–998. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102008000600003
Danet Danet, A. (2021). Impacto psicológico de la COVID-19 en profesionales sanitarios de primera línea en el ámbito occidental. Una revisión sistemática. Medicina Clinica. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.11.009
Duarte, M. de Q., Santo, M. A. da S., Lima, C. P., Giordani, J. P., & Trentini, C. M. (2020). COVID-19 e os impactos na saúde mental: uma amostra do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva, 25(9), 3401–3411. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.16472020
Fazio, R. H., Ruisch, B. C., Moore, C. A., Granados Samayoa, J. A., Boggs, S. T., & Ladanyi, J. T. (2021). Social distancing decreases an individual’s likelihood of contracting COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(8). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023131118
Goularte, J. F., Serafim, S. D., Colombo, R., Hogg, B., Caldieraro, M. A., & Rosa, A. R. (2021). COVID-19 and mental health in Brazil: Psychiatric symptoms in the general population. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 132, 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.021
Graner, K. M., & Cerqueira, A. T. D. A. R. (2019). Revisão integrativa: sofrimento psíquico em estudantes universitários e fatores associados Integrative. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva, 24(4), 1327–1346. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018244.09692017
Huremovic, D. (2019). Psychiatry of Pandemics: A Mental Health Response to Infection Outbreak. Manhasset: Springer.
Ko, C. H., Yen, C. F., Yen, J. Y., & Yang, M. J. (2006). Psychosocial impact among the public of the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic in Taiwan. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 60(4), 397–403. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2006.01522.x
Lim, V. W., Lim, R. L., Tan, Y. R., Soh, A. S. E., Tan, M. X., Othman, N. B., … Chen, M. I. C. (2020). Government trust, perceptions of covid-19 and behaviour change: Cohort surveys, singapore. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 99(2), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.269142
Maia, B. R., & Dias, P. C. (2020). Anxiety, depression and stress in university students: The impact of COVID-19. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 37. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202037e200067
Malta, D. C., Gomes, C. S., Szwarcwald, C. L., Barros, M. B. de A., Silva, A. G., Prates, E. J. S., … Rodrigues Pereira da Silva, D. (2020). Distanciamento social, sentimento de tristeza e estilos de vida da população brasileira durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Saúde em Debate, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.1371
Mari, J. de J., & Williams, P. (1985). A Comparison of the Validity of Two Psychiatric Screening Questionnaires (Ghq-12 and Srq-20) In Brazil, Using Relative Operating Characteristic (Roc) Analysis. Psychological Medicine, 15, 651–659. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700031500
Minas Gerais. (2020). Decreto No 47.891, de 20 de março de 2020. Reconhece o estado de calamidade pública decorrente da pandemia causada pelo agente Coronavírus (COVID-19). Recuperado 4 de maio de 2021, de Minas Gerais website: https://www.saude.mg.gov.br/images/noticias_e_eventos/000_2020/coronavirus-legislacoes/25-03/Decreto-n-47.891-20.03.20.pdf
Santos, K. O. B., Araújo, T. M., Pinho, P. S., & Silva, A. C. C. (2010). Avaliação de um Instrumento de Mensuração de Morbidade Psíquica. Revista Baiana de Saúde Pública, 34(3), 544–560.
Pimentel, D., Figueiredo, D. L., Mattos, R. M. P. R. de, & Barreto, I. D. de C. (2020). Mental health of Brazilian physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research, Society and Development, 9(10), e5129108758. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8758
Santos, É. G. dos, & Siqueira, M. M. de. (2010). Prevalência dos transtornos mentais na população adulta brasileira: Uma revisão sistemática de 1997 a 2009. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, Vol. 59, p. 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852010000300011
Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais. (2021). Coronavírus SES-MG. Recuperado 12 de maio de 2021, de https://coronavirus.saude.mg.gov.br/
Sohrabi, C., Alsafi, Z., O’Neill, N., Khan, M., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., … Agha, R. (2020, abril 1). World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). International Journal of Surgery, Vol. 76, p. 71–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034
The Jamovi project. (2021). Jamovi (Version 1.6) [Computer Software]. Recuperado 12 de abril de 2021, de https://www.jamovi.org/about.html
Vieira, P. R., Garcia, L. P., & Maciel, E. L. N. (2020). Isolamento social e o aumento da violência doméstica: o que isso nos revela? Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 23. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720200033
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
World Health Organization. (2020). WHO Director-General’s remarks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on 11 February 2020. Recuperado 19 de maio de 2021, de https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-2019-ncov-on-11-february-2020
Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M. W., Gill, H., Phan, L., … Mcintyre, R. S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Tâmaro Chagas Mendes; Camila de Lima; Bruno Henrique Melo Fernandes; Celina de Vasconcelos Leite; Daniel Santos Gonçalves; Júlia de Souza Brasil da Silva; Ellen Cristina Rodrigues Neves; Larissa Rangel Souto; Laura Luísa de Oliveira Elias; Margarida Maria Tavares Lacerda de Medeiros; Raíssa Lisboa Ramos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
