Covid pandemic-19: dog behavior and the relationship with their guardians during social isolation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i14.20162Keywords:
Behavioral changes; Hyperattachment; Quiz.Abstract
In the year 2020 an outbreak that spread rapidly to all continents, Covid-19, was declared by the World Health Organization. In Brazil and other countries in Latin America, a series of rules were enacted to slow down the spread of the virus. One of them was social isolation, which changed the routine of many people and also of pets. Therefore, the aim of our study was to identify behavioral changes in dogs and investigate the relationship with their guardians during social isolation during the Covid-19 pandemic period. A questionnaire to identify possible behavioral changes in dogs was made available on social networks and sent by email. 1532 responses were recorded, from tutors who were mostly young/adults, aged between 24 and 35 years old, who were socially isolated, but went out to perform essential tasks and identified themselves with the female gender. Our results showed that, during this period of pandemic, there was greater interaction between tutors and their dogs. Furthermore, the dogs showed no signs of stress, anxiety and aggression. On the contrary, they were more attached, forming a hyperattachment bond with their tutors. It is concluded that, during this period, behavioral signs of stress and aggression in dogs were not identified. Signs of hyperattachment were found, such as crying and sad when separated from the guardians and more dependent. Regarding the tutors, most were young/adults, were socially isolated, but went out to perform essential tasks and identified with the female gender.
References
Abinpet. Associação Brasileira da Indústria de Produtos para Animais de Estimação (2014). Informações gerais do setor pet. http://abinpet.org.br/infos_gerais/
Arden, R., & Adams, M. J. (2016). A general intelligence factor in dogs. Intelligence 55, 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2016.01.008
Bogoch, A. W., Thomas-Bachli, C., Huber, M. U. G., & Kraemer, K. K. (2020). Pneumonia of unknown etiology in wuhan, China: potential for international spread via commercial air travel. J Travel Med. 2020 Mar, 27(2): taaa008. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fjtm%2Ftaaa008
Camps, T., Amat, M., & Manteca, X. (2019). A Review of Medical Conditions and Behavioral Problems in Dogs and Cats. Animals. 9 (12): 1133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9121133
Csoltova, E., & Mehianagic, E. (2020). Where do we stand in the domestic dog (canis familiaris) positive-emotion assessmente: a state of the art review and future directions. Frontiers in Psicohology. v. 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02131
De Assis, L. S., Matos, R., Pike, T. W., Burmann, O. H. P., & Mills, D. S. (2020). Developing diagnostic frameworks in veterinary behavioral medicine: disambiguating separation related problems in dogs. Frontiers em veterinary Sciense. v. 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00499
Devotto, R., Oliveira, D. S., Ziebell, M., Freitas, C. P. P., & Vazquez, A. C. S. (2020). Guia de Bem-estar no Trabalho em Tempos de Pandemia para Profissionais em Home Office. UFCSPA.
Grossi, M. G. R., Borja, S. D. B., Lopes, A. M., & Andalécio, A. M. L. (2016). As mulheres praticando ciência no Brasil. Revista Estudos Feministas. 24(1), 11, https://doi.org/10.1590/1805-9584-2016v24n1p11
Krug, F. D. M., Tillmann, M. T., Pineiro, M. B. C., Capella, S. O., Costa, A. L., Bruhn, F. R. P., & Nobre, M. O. (2019). Evaluation of cognitive dysfunction syndrome in dogs using an observational questionnaire. Semina Ciências Agrárias (ONLINE), 40, 1. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5Supl1p2235
Landsberg, G. (2005). Therapeutic agents for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction syndrome in senior dogs. Biol. Psychiatry, 29,471-479, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.12.012
Lopes, O. F. M, Gomes, N. R. S., Freitas, D. R. J., & Evangelista, L. S. M. (2020). COVID-19 and the domestic animals: are there some evidence relationship between them? Journal of Health & Biological Scienses. 8(1). Unichristus. http://dx.doi.org/10.12662/2317-3076jhbs.v8i1.3225.p1-6.2020
Lu, R., Zhao, X., Lij., Niu, P., Yang, B., & Wu, H. (2020). Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The Lancet.395, 565 – 574. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30251-8
Machado, D. S., & Sant´anna, A. (2017). Síndrome de ansiedade por separação em animais de companhia: uma revisão. Revista Brasileira de Zoociências. 8(3), 159-186. https://doi.org/10.34019/2596-3325.2017.v18.24682
Mcmichael, T. M., Clark, S., Pogosjans, S. et al. COVID-19 in a long-term care facility—King County, Washington, https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e1
Overall, K. (2013). Manual of clinical behavioral medicine for dogs and cats. 832.
Rehn, T., Beetz, A., & Keeling, L. J. (2017). Links between an Owner’s adult attachment style and the support-seeking behavior of their dog. Front. Psychol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02059
Rothan, A. H, & Byrareddy, S. N. (2020). The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. v.109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433
Schöberl, I., Wedl, M., Beetz A., & Kotrschal, K. (2015). Fatores que influenciam os padrões de cortisol em cães durante uma situação estranha Teste. J. Vet. Behav. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2015.09.007
Solomon, J., Beetz, A., Schöberl, I., Gee, N., & Kotrschal, K. (2018). Segurança de fixação em cães de companhia: adaptação da situação estranha de Ainsworth e procedimentos de classificação para cães e seus cuidadores humanos. Attach Hum Dev. Aug, 21(4), 389-417 https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2018.1517812
Sommerville, R., O'Connor, E. A., & Asher, L. (2017). Por que os cães brincam? Implicações funcionais e de bem-estar da brincadeira no cão doméstico. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 197, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2017.09.007
Storengen, L. M, Boge, S. C. K, Strom S. J: Loberg G., & Lingaas, F. (2014). A descriptive study of 215 dogs diagnosed with separation anxiety. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 159: 82–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2014.07.006
Wallis, L. J., Szabó, D., Erdélyi – Belle, B., & Kubinyi, E. (2018). Demographic changes over the life of pet dogs and their impact on health status. Frontiers in Veterinary Sciense. 5 https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00200
Wan, Y., Shang, J., Graham, R. S., Baric, F. (2020). Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS. Journal Virology, https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00127-20
Wanser, S. H., & Udell, M. A. (2019). Does attachment security to a human handler influence the behavior of dogs who engage in animal assisted activities?
Applied Animal Behaviour Science. v.210, January 2019, 88-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2018.09.005.
World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report–57. (2020). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2020.
Yamada, R., Kuze-arata, S., Kiyokawa, Y., & Takeuchi, Y. (2019). Prevalence of 25 canine behavioral problems and relevante factors os each behavior in Japan. Journal of veterinary medical science. 81, 1090 – 1096. https://dx.doi.org/10.1292%2Fjvms.18-0705
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Fernanda Dagmar Martins Krug; Clederson Idenio Schmitt; Sabrina de Oliveira Capella; Mariana Cristina Hoeppner Rondelli; Marcia de Oliveira Nobre
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
