Breastfeeding in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20215Keywords:
Breastfeeding; COVID-19; Child health.Abstract
Introduction: breast milk is the ideal food for children, especially exclusively, in the first six months of life and supplemented after up to two years of age or more1. Currently, another new challenge presents itself for the promotion of breastfeeding: the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: to map the scientific production that favors the promotion of breastfeeding in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: scoping review developed based on the international PRISMA-ScR guide and the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The survey was conducted in August 2021 in scientific databases and gray literature. Data were collected, analyzed and synthesized in a narrative way. Results: 2466 publications were surveyed, 18 of which were selected. The publications point to the low possibility of vertical transmission of COVID-19 or through breastfeeding and also demonstrate the incipient amount of scientific evidence on the subject. Conclusion: breastfeeding, even in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, must be promoted and further studies are needed to establish, with significant scientific evidence, the safety of breastfeeding in the context of COVID-19.
References
Bertino, E., Moro, G. E., De Renzi, G., Viberti, G., Cavallo, R., Coscia, A., Rubino, C., Tonetto, P., Sottemano, S., Campagnoli, M. F., Soldi, A., Mostert, M., Cresi, F., Lembo, D., & Milk, C. R. G. on S.-C.-2 in H. (2020). Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Milk From COVID-19 Positive Mothers and Follow-Up of Their Infants. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 8, 597699.
Cabral, I. E., Pestana-Santos, M., Ciuffo, L. L., Nunes, Y. do R., & Lomba, M. de L. L. de F. (2021). Child health vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and Portugal. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 29, e3422.
Cabrera-Rubio, R., Kunz, C., Rudloff, S., García-Mantrana, I., Crehuá-Gaudiza, E., Martínez-Costa, C., & Carmen Collado, M. (2019). Association of Maternal Secretor Status and Human Milk Oligosaccharides with Milk Microbiota: An Observational Pilot Study. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 68(2), 256–263.
Carmo, G. do, & Portugual, P. (2020). Os diversos benefícios do aleitamento materno (Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso). Centro Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Ceulemans, M., Verbakel, J. Y., Calsteren, K. Van, Eerdekens, A., Allegaert, K., & Foulon, V. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Results from an Observational Study in Primary Care in Belgium. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17(18), 6766.
Chen, H., Guo, J., Wang, C., Luo, F., Yu, X., Zhang, W., Li, J., Zhao, D., Xu, D., Gong, Q., Liao, J., Yang, H., Hou, W., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. The Lancet, 395(10226), 809–815.
Davanzo, R., Moro, G., Sandri, F., Agosti, M., Moretti, C., & Mosca, F. (2020). Breastfeeding and coronavirus disease-2019: Ad interim indications of the Italian Society of Neonatology endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal & Perinatal Societies. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(3), e13010.
De Rose, D. U., Piersigilli, F., Ronchetti, M. P., Santisi, A., Bersani, I., Dotta, A., Danhaive, O., & Auriti, C. (2020). Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in newborns and infants: what we know so far. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 46(1), 1–8.
Dimopoulou, D., Triantafyllidou, P., Daskalaki, A., Syridou, G., & Papaevangelou, V. (2020). Breastfeeding during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: guidelines and challenges. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 8, 1–7.
Fernández-Carrasco, F., Vázquez-Lara, J., González-Mey, U., Gómez-Salgado, J., Parron-Carreño, T., & Rodríguez-Díaz, L. (2020). Infección por coronavirus Covid-19 y lactancia materna: una revisión exploratoria. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 94(1), 1–9.
Genoni, G., Conio, A., Binotti, M., Manzoni, P., Castagno, M., Rabbone, I., & Monzani, A. (2020). Management and Nutrition of Neonates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of the Existing Guidelines and Recommendations. American Journal of Perinatology, 37(2), 46–53.
Gomes, R. P., Silva, P. C. V. da, Silva, C. E. A. L. da, Santos, J. C. A., Macário, F. N., Ramos, F. M. F., Sousa, J. I. B. de, & Silva, R. R. V. da. (2020). Fatores que levam ao desmame precoce do aleitamento materno / Factors that take early mother’s breastfeeding. Brazilian Journal of Development, 6(12), 100688–100700.
Gonçalves-Ferri, W. A., Pereira-Cellini, F. M., Coca, K., Aragon, D. C., Nader, P., Lyra, J. C., do Vale, M. S., Marba, S., Araujo, K., Dias, L. A., de Lima Mota Ferreira, D. M., Nieto, G., Anchieta, L. M., de Cássia Silveira, R., de Moura, M. D. R., Tuma Calil, V. M. L., Moraes, V. C. C., de Almeida, J. H. C. L., Magalhães, M., … de Oliveira Pinto, R. M. (2021). The impact of coronavirus outbreak on breastfeeding guidelines among Brazilian hospitals and maternity services: a cross-sectional study. International Breastfeeding Journal, 16(1), 1–11.
Johns Hopkins. (2021). COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. Maryland: Johns Hopkins.
Kuehn, B. M. (2021). COVID-19 Precautions Hamper Breastfeeding Support. JAMA, 325(2), 122–122.
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária. Departamento de Promoção à Saúde. (2019). Guia alimentar para crianças brasileiras menores de dois anos. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde.
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde. (2020). Protocolo de Manejo Clínico do Coronavírus (COVID-19) na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde.
Ministério da Saúde. (2021). Boletim Epidemiológico Especial: Doença pelo Novo Coronavírus – COVID-19. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde.
Ng, Y. P. M., Low, Y. F., Goh, X. L., Fok, D., & Amin, Z. (2020). Breastfeeding in COVID-19: A Pragmatic Approach. American Journal of Perinatology, 37, 1377–1384.
Nuriel-Ohayon, M., Neuman, H., Ziv, O., Belogolovski, A., Barsheshet, Y., Bloch, N., Uzan, A., Lahav, R., Peretz, A., Frishman, S., Hod, M., Hadar, E., Louzoun, Y., Avni, O., & Koren, O. (2019). Progesterone Increases Bifidobacterium Relative Abundance during Late Pregnancy. Cell Reports, 27(3), 730-736.
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. (2020). Aleitamento materno e a doença causada pelo novo coronavírus (COVID-19). Informações científicas: 23 de junho de 2020. Brasília: Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde.
Patil, U. P., Maru, S., Krishnan, P., Carroll-Bennett, R., Sanchez, J., Noble, L., & Wasserman, R. (2020). Newborns of COVID-19 mothers: short-term outcomes of colocating and breastfeeding from the pandemic’s epicenter. Journal of Perinatology, 40(10), 4.
Paz, M. M. S. da, Almeida, M. de O., Cabral, N. O., Assis, T. J. C. F. de, & Mendes, C. K. T. T. (2021). Barriers imposed in the relationship between puerperal mothers and newborns in the pandemic scenario of COVID-19. Revista Brasileira de Saude Materno Infantil, 21(supl.1), 229–232.
Pereira, A., Cruz-Melguizo, S., Adrien, M., Fuentes, L., Marin, E., Forti, A., & Perez-Medina, T. (2020). Breastfeeding mothers with COVID-19 infection: a case series. International Breastfeeding Journal, 15, 69.
Ranganathan, R., Khan, A. M., & Chhabra, P. (2020). Antenatal care, care at birth, and breastfeeding during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Indian Journal of Community Health, 32(1), 15–18.
Rimes, K. A., Oliveira, M. I. C. de, & Boccolini, C. S. (2019). Maternity leave and exclusive breastfeeding. Revista de Saúde Pública, 53, 10.
Salvatore, C. M., Han, J.-Y., Acker, K. P., Tiwari, P., Jin, J., Brandler, M., Cangemi, C., Gordon, L., Parow, A., DiPace, J., & DeLaMora, P. (2020). Neonatal management and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observation cohort study. The Lancet. Child & Adolescent Health, 4(10), 727.
Santiano, F. E., Arboccó, F. C. V., Bruna, F. A., Zyla, L. E., Sasso, C. V., Gómez, S., Pistone-Creydt, V., López-Fontana, C. M., & Carón, R. W. (2021). The epigenetic role of breastfeeding in mammary differentiation. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 12(4), 578–586.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, Departamento Científico De Aleitamento Materno. (2018). Amamentação: A base da vida. Rio de Janeiro: Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.
Sullivan, S. E., & Thompson, L. A. (2020). Best Practices for COVID-19–Positive or Exposed Mothers—Breastfeeding and Pumping Milk. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(12), 1228–1228.
Thanigainathan, S., Kaliyaperumal, V., Sivanandan, S., Rengaraj, S., Dhodapkar, R., & Bethou, A. (2021). Is SARS-CoV-2 Transmitted Through Breastfeeding? Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 88(8), 800–801.
The Joanna Briggs Institute. (2014). Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual: 2014 edition. Adelaide: The Joanna Briggs Institute.
The Joanna Briggs Institute. (2013). JBI Grades of Recommendation. Adelaide: The Joanna Briggs Institute.
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., … Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473.
Vassilopoulou, E., Feketea, G., Koumbi, L., Mesiari, C., Berghea, E. C., & Konstantinou, G. N. (2021). Breastfeeding and COVID-19: From Nutrition to Immunity. Frontiers in Immunology, 12, 661806.
Victora, C. G., Bahl, R., Barros, A. J. D., França, G. V. A., Horton, S., Krasevec, J., Murch, S., Sankar, M. J., Walker, N., & Rollins, N. C. (2016). Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet, 387(10017), 475–490.
Walker, G. J., Clifford, V., Bansal, N., Stella, A. O., Turville, S., Stelzer-Braid, S., Klein, L. D., & Rawlinson, W. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 in human milk is inactivated by Holder pasteurisation but not cold storage. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 56(12), 1872–1874.
Walker, K., O’Donoghue, K., Grace, N., Dorling, J., Comeau, J., Li, W., & Thornton, J. (2020). Maternal transmission of SARS-COV-2 to the neonate, and possible routes for such transmission: a systematic review and critical analysis. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 127(11), 1324–1336.
Williams, J., Namazova-Baranova, L., Weber, M., Vural, M., Mestrovic, J., Carrasco-Sanz, A., Breda, J., Berdzuli, N., & Pettoello-Mantovani, M. (2020). The Importance of Continuing Breastfeeding during Coronavirus Disease-2019: In Support of the World Health Organization Statement on Breastfeeding during the Pandemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 223, 234–236.
Yang, N., Che, S., Zhang, J., Wang, X., Tang, Y., Wang, J., Huang, L., Wang, C., Zhang, H., Baskota, M., Ma, Y., Zhou, Q., Luo, X., Yang, S., Feng, X., Li, W., Fukuoka, T., Ahn, H. S., Lee, M. S., & Group, on behalf of C.-19 E. and R. W. (2020). Breastfeeding of infants born to mothers with COVID-19: a rapid review. Annals of Translational Medicine, 8(10), 618–618.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Eduardo José Braga; Angelita Gonçalves Meneses; Bárbara Batemarque Sanches Vilela ; Ieda Aparecida Diniz ; Flávio Diniz Capanema ; Gustavo Machado Rocha; Joel Alves Lamounier; Patrícia Peres de Oliveira; Márcia Christina Caetano Romano
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.