Investigation of alterations in temporal perception due to the presence of high levels of smartphone dependence

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20870

Keywords:

Temporal perception; Smartphone dependency; Technology.

Abstract

Objective: We aim to investigate the correlation between the construction of perception of time and smartphone dependence in university students in Campina Grande - PB. Methodology: This was a quantitative and experimental cognitive psychology study. Using Google Forms platform, we applied: I-) Socioeconomic Questionnaire; II-) Smartphone Dependence Scale (SDS); III-) Standardized stimulus presentation (466 seconds) and IV-) Questionnaire on stimulus perception. Variables were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) – version 20.0. Results: 155 students were included, 115 female (74.2%) and 40 male (25.8%), average of 21.5 years old. Students were divided into two groups, according to SDS: 41 (26.45%) had no smartphone dependency and 33 (21.29%) were dependent. The perception of duration of the stimulus was 409 seconds among students without dependence, and 523 seconds among the others (27.8% higher - was 409s for the stimulus presented, while that of the group with a high level of dependence was 523s (27.8% higher, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Students who were dependent on smartphone had a greater perception of time duration compared to the group without dependence.

References

Allman, M. J., Yin, B., & Meck, W. H. (2014). Time in the psychopathological mind. In. Arstila, V. & Lloyd, D. (Eds.), Subjective time: The philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience of temporality, 637–654. Boston Review.

Almiro, P. A. (2017). Uma nota sobre a desejabilidade social e o enviesamento de respostas. Avaliação Psicológica, 16(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2017.1603.ed.

Barrientos, L. A., Restrepo, C. A., & Arbeláez, A. C. M. (2016). La Percepción del Tiempo Psicológico y su relación con medidas atencionales. Revista de Psicología Universidad de Antioquia, 8(1), 65-82.

Bhattacharya, S., Bashar, M. A., Srivastava, A., & Singh, A. (2019). Nomophobia: No mobile phone phobia. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 8(4), e1297.

Block, R. A., & Zakay, D. (1996). Models of psychological time revisited. Time and mind, 33(9), 171-195.

Cheng, R. K., Ali, Y. M., & Meck, W. H. (2007). Ketamine “unlocks” the reduced clock-speed effects of cocaine following extended training: evidence for dopamine–glutamate interactions in timing and time perception. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 88(2), 149-159.

Deng, T., Kanthawala, S., Meng, J., Peng, W., Kononova, A., Hao, Q.,Zhang, Q., & David, P. (2019). Measuring smartphone usage and task switching with log tracking and self-reports. Mobile Media & Communication, 7(1), 3-23.

Dias, F. M. A., Oliveira Lyrio, A. C., Fonseca Wagner, Y., & Rodrigues, D. F. (2019). As Implicações do Uso Excessivo de Smartphones e Tablets por Crianças e Jovens. Redin-Revista Educacional Interdisciplinar, 8(1).

Droit-Volet, S., Monceau, S., Berthon, M., Trahanias, P., & Maniadakis, M. (2018). The explicit judgment of long durations of several minutes in everyday life: Conscious retrospective memory judgment and the role of affects? PLoS One, 13(4): e0195397.

Estrela, C. (2018). Metodologia Científica: Ciência, Ensino, Pesquisa. Editora Artes Médicas. 5.2) Pereira A. S. et al. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. [free e-book]. Santa Maria/RS. Ed. UAB/NTE/UFSM.

Glicksohn, J. (2001). Temporal cognition and the phenomenology of time: A multiplicative function for apparent duration. Consciousness and Cognition, 10(1), 1-25.

Gouveia, V. V., Guerra, V. M., de Sousa, D. M. F., Santos, W. S., & de Mesquita Costa, J. (2009). Escala de Desejabilidade Social de Marlowe-Crowne: evidências de sua validade fatorial e consistência interna. Avaliação Psicológica, 8(1), 87-98.

Hornik, J. (1984). Subjective vs. objective time measures: A note on the perception of time in consumer behavior. Journal of consumer research, 11(1), 615-618.

Huckins, J. F., DaSilva, A. W., Wang, W., Hedlund, E., Rogers, C., Nepal, S. K., & Campbell, A. T. (2020). Mental health and behavior of college students during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal smartphone and ecological momentary assessment study. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(6), e20185.

Kent, L., Van Doorn, G., & Klein, B. (2019). Time dilation and acceleration in depression. Acta psychologica, 194, 77-86.

Kononowicz, T. W., Van Rijn, H., & Meck, W. H. (2018). Timing and time perception: A critical review of neural timing signatures before, during, and after the to‐be‐timed interval. Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience, 1, 1-38.

Lang, A. (2000). The limited capacity model of mediated message processing. Journal of communication, 50(1), 46-70.

Lima, C. O., Sousa Cabral, L., Cruz, L. R., Freitas, T. C. B., & Baracat, P. J. F. (2021). Interferências posturais ocasionadas pela utilização de smartphones na fase infantojuvenil. Biológicas & Saúde, 11(36), 55-71.

Matthews, W. J., & Meck, W. H. (2016). Temporal cognition: Connecting subjective time to perception, attention, and memory. Psychological bulletin, 142(8), e865.

Meck, W. H. (1996). Neuropharmacology of timing and time perception. Cognitive brain research, 3(3-4), 227-242.

Nather, T. C., Fernandes, P. A. M., & Bueno, J. L. O. (2014). Subjective time perception is affected by different durations of exposure to abstract paintings that represent human movement. Psychology & Neuroscience, 7(3), 381-392.

Oliveira, A. F. P. (2012). Neurobiologia dos comportamentos aditivos, Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade do Porto. Portugal - Porto.

Picon, F., Karam, R., Breda, V., Restano, A., Silveira, A., & Spritzer, D. (2015). Precisamos falar sobre tecnologia: caracterizando clinicamente os subtipos de dependência de tecnologia. Revista brasileira de psicoterapia, 17(2), 44-60.

Radua, J., Del Pozo, N. O., Gómez, J., Guillen-Grima, F., & Ortuño, F. (2014). Meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies indicates that an increase of cognitive difficulty during executive tasks engages brain regions associated with time perception. Neuropsychologia, 58, 14-22.

Rammsayer, T. H., Borter, N., & Troche, S. J. (2015). Visual-auditory differences in duration discrimination of intervals in the subsecond and second range. Frontiers in psychology, 6, e1626.

Ramos, D., & Bueno, J. L. O. (2012). Emoções de uma escuta musical afetam a percepção subjetiva de tempo. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 25, 286-292.

Sales, H. F. S., Silva, F. M. S. M., Lopes, B. J., & Silva, C. F. L. S. (2018). Adaptação da escala de uso compulsivo de Internet para avaliar dependência de smartphone. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 36(1), 155-166.

Santos, L. R. (2018). A influência da utilização de mídias interativas (tablet e smartphone) no desenvolvimento cognitivo e de linguagem em crianças de 24 a 42 meses. Mestrado em Ciências Fonoaudiológicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Brasil - Belo Horizonte.

Sinnett, S., Jäger, J., Singer, S. M., & Antonini Philippe, R. (2020). Flow states and associated changes in spatial and temporal processing. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 381.

Tejedor, S., Cervi, L., Pérez-Escoda, A., & Tusa, F. (2020). Smartphone usage among students during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, Italy and Ecuador. In. Eighth International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality, 571-576.

Tonelli, H. (s.d) Introdução à psicopatologia e à neurobiologia das adições e dependências químicas e comportamentais. ACADEMIA.edu. Disponível em <<(PDF) Introdução à Psicopatologia e à Neurobiologia das Adições e Dependências Químicas e Comportamentais | Hélio Tonelli - Academia.edu>>

Wilmer, H. H., Sherman, L. E., & Chein, J. M. (2017). Smartphones and cognition: A review of research exploring the links between mobile technology habits and cognitive functioning. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 605.

Worms, F. (2004). A concepção bergsoniana do tempo. Dois Pontos, 1(1).

Zakay, D. (1990). The evasive art of subjective time measurement: Some methodological dilemmas. In. Block, R. A. Cognitive models of psychological time, 59–84. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Published

27/09/2021

How to Cite

CASTELLON, L. A. S. .; CAVALCANTI, J. B.; SOUZA, R. A. D. C. de; DANTAS, F. G. Investigation of alterations in temporal perception due to the presence of high levels of smartphone dependence. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 12, p. e466101220870, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20870. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/20870. Acesso em: 13 dec. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences