Helpers in the strengthening of the immunological system to face COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.20983Keywords:
Coronavirus; Functional Food; Dietary Supplements; Medicinal plants; Immunity.Abstract
The aim of this article was to carry out a study of nutrients and herbal medicines that can be used as an adjunct to help strengthen the immune system. Therefore, this is an explanatory descriptive bibliographic analysis that includes a bibliographic review and contains a time frame from 2013 to 2021. The information obtained was taken from databases of scientific documents, selecting documents described in English and Portuguese, which reporting on reactions with SARS-CoV-2 the interaction of healthy eating in daily life is indeed very important in addition to other care methods. Medicinal plants can comfort and fight various infectious diseases. The organism, when you have an infection, is quite vulnerable since microorganisms harm causing cell deficiencies, even if the organism has cells that destroy them, however it needs nutrients that make the immune system preferentially fit, preserving the balance for functioning From protection the immune system acts to protect the body daily from attacks against infections, when viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 dominate the body, the cells take action to fight the virus and possibly obtain a cure or improvement for the individual. Therefore, based on the reviewed literature, it was concluded that adjuvants such as healthy eating and herbal medicines are willing to contribute to nutrient replacement capable of strengthening the individual's immunity.
References
Álvarez, Á. L., Habtemariam, S., & Parra, F. (2015). Inhibitory effects of lupene-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids from Bursera simaruba on HSV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro replication. Natural Product Research, 29(24), 2322-2327. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2015.1007456
Ang, L., Lee, H. W., Kim, A., Lee, J. A., Zhang, J., & Lee, M. S. (2020). Herbal medicine for treatment of children diagnosed with COVID-19: A review of guidelines. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 39, 101174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101174.
Barazzoni, R., Bischoff, S. C., Breda, J., Wickramasinghe, K., Krznaric, Z., Nitzan, D., Pirlich, M., & Singer, P. (2020). ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance for nutritional management of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Liječnički vjesnik, 142(3-4), 75-84.
Braga, J. C. B., & Silva, L. R. (2021). Consumo de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos no Brasil: perfil de consumidores e sua relação com a pandemia de COVID-19. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n1-303.
Biancatelli, R. M. L. C., Berrill, M., & Marik, P. E. The antiviral properties of vitamina C, Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 18: 2, 99-101, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2020.1706483.
Brasil. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária – ANVISA. RDC Nº10, DE 09 DE MARÇO DE 2010. Dispõe sobre a notificação de drogas vegetais junto à Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília.
Brasil. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária- ANVISA. RCD N°18, DE 30 DE ABRIL DE 1999. Aprova o Regulamento Técnico de procedimentos para registro de alimento com alegação de propriedades funcionais e ou de saúde em sua rotulagem. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília.
Brasil. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária- ANVISA. RCD N°19, DE 19 DE NOVEMBRO DE 1999. Aprova o Regulamento Técnico de procedimentos para registro de alimento com alegação de propriedades funcionais e ou de saúde em sua rotulagem. Diário oficial da união, Brasília.
Brasil. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária- ANVISA. RDC N° 26 DE 13 DE MAIO DE 2014. Dispõe sobre o registro de medicamentos fitoterápicos e o registro e a notificação de produtos tradicionais fitoterápicos. Diário oficial da união, Brasília.
Bomfim, J. H. G. G., & da Silveira Gonçalves, J. (2020). Suplementos alimentares, imunidade e COVID-19: qual a evidência? VITTALLE-Revista de Ciências da Saúde, 32(1), 10-21. https://doi.org/10.14295/vittalle.v32i1.11282.
Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and immune function. Nutrients, 9(11), 1211. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9111211.
Chan, J. F. W., Yip, C. C., To, K. K., Tang, T. H., Wong, S. C., Leung, K., Fung, A. Y., Ng, A. C., Zou, Z., Tsoi, H., Choi, G. K., Tam, A. R., Cheng, V. C., Chan, K., Tsang, O. T., & Yuen, K. Y. (2020). Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens. Journal of clinical microbiology, 58(5), e00310-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00310-20.
Cheng, Z. J., & Shan, J. (2020). 2019 Novel coronavirus: where we are and what we know. Infection, 48(2), 155-163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y.
Croda, J. H. R., & Garcia, L. P. (2020). Resposta imediata da Vigilância em Saúde à epidemia da COVID-19. https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000100021.
Daltoe, L. M., & Demoliner, F. (2020). COVID-19: nutrição e comportamento alimentar no contexto da pandemia. Revista Perspectiva: Ciência e Saúde, 5(2).
Dias, M. J. L. E., Chini, M. C. Cardoso, T. F., Orrico, S. R. P., & Pereira, B. L. B. (2020). COVID-19 e Nutrição. Ulakes Journal of Medicine, 1.
Dutra, J. M., Brito, I. S., Maia, G. P. A. G., Faria, A. B., Chagas, P. P., & Plácido, G. R. (2020). Deficiência e biodisponibilidade da vitamina D: Uma revisão bibliográfica. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), e23973555-e23973555. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3555.
Figueredo, C. A. D., Gurgel, I. G. D., & Gurgel Junior, G. D. (2014). A Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos: construção, perspectivas e desafios. Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, 24, 381-400. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-73312014000200004.
Gasmi, A., Noor, S., Tippairote, T., Dadar, M., Menzel, A., & Bjørklund, G. (2020). Individual risk management strategy and potential therapeutic options for the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Immunology, 215, 108409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108409.
Gammoh, N. Z., & Rink, L. (2017). Zinc in infection and inflammation. Nutrients, 9(6), 624. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9060624.
Grant, W. B., Baggerly, C. A., & Lahore, H. (2020). Reply:“Vitamin D supplementation in influenza and COVID-19 infections. Comment on: Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths nutrients 2020, 12 (4), 988”. Nutrients, 12(6), 1620. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061620.
Hasler, C. M. (1998). Functional foods: their role in disease prevention and health promotion. Food Technology-Champaign Then Chicago-, 52, 63-147.
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Xia J., Wei Y., Wu W., Xie X., Yin W., Li H., Liu M., Xiao Y., Gao H., Guo L., Xie J., Wang G., Jiang R., Gao Z., Jin Q., Wang J., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The lancet, 395(10223), 497-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.
Kechichian, E., & Ezzedine, K. (2018). Vitamin D and the skin: an update for dermatologists. American journal of clinical dermatology, 19(2), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-017-0323-8.
Khan, S., Siddique, R., Shereen, M., Ali, A., Liu, J., Bai, Q., Bashir, N., & Xue,M. (2020). Emergence of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: biology and therapeutic options. Journal of clinical microbiology, 58(5), e00187-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00187-20 .
Laviano, A., Koverech, A., & Zanetti, M. (2020). Nutrition support in the time of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 74, 110834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2020.110834.
Lee, C., Lee, J. M., Lee, N. R., Kim, D. E., Jeong, Y. J., & Chong, Y. (2009). Investigation of the pharmacophore space of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) NTPase/helicase by dihydroxychromone derivatives. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 19(16), 4538-4541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.009.
Lichtenstein, A., Ferreira-Júnior, M., Sales, M. M., Aguiar, F. B. D., Fonseca, L. A. M., Sumita, N. M., & Duarte, A. J. (2013). Vitamina D: ações extraósseas e uso racional. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 59, 495-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ramb.2013.05.002.
Lima, C. M. A. D. O. (2020). Informações sobre o novo coronavírus (COVID-19). https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2020.53.2e1.
Lotfi, M., Hamblin, M. R., & Rezaei, N. (2020). COVID-19: Transmission, prevention, and potential therapeutic opportunities. Clinica chimica acta, 508, 254-266.
Maares, M., & Haase, H. (2016). Zinc and immunity: An essential interrelation. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 611, 58-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.022.
Morais, A. H. A., Maia, J. K. S., Damasceno, K. S. F. S. C., Seabra, L. M. J., & Passos, T. S. (2020). Orientações nutricionais para o enfrentamento do COVID-19. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2020.
Mrityunjaya, M., Pavithra, V., Neelam, R., Janhavi, P., Halami, P. M., & Ravindra, P. V. (2020). Immune-boosting, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory food supplements targeting pathogenesis of COVID-19. Frontiers in Immunology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.570122.
Montserrat-de la Paz, S., Fernandez-Arche, A., De La Puerta, R., Quilez, A. M., Muriana, F. J., Garcia-Gimenez, M. D., & Bermudez, B. (2016). Mitraphylline inhibits lipopolysaccharide-mediated activation of primary human neutrophils. Phytomedicine, 23(2), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2015.12.015.
Nascimento, J. H. P., Gomes, B. F. D. O., Carmo, P. R. D., Petriz, J. L. F., Rizk, S. I., Costa, I. B. S. D. S., Lacerda, M. V. G., Bacal, F., Hajjar, L. A., & Oliveira, G. M. M. D. (2020). COVID-19 e estado de hipercoagulabilidade: uma nova perspectiva terapêutica. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 114, 829-833.
Nascimento, A., & Prade, A. C. K. (2020). Aromaterapia: o poder das plantas e dos óleos essenciais. Recife: Fiocruz-PE.
Nunes-Pinheiro, D. C. S., Leite, A. K. R. M., Farias, V. M., Braga, L. T., & Lopes, C. A. P. Atividade imunomoduladora das plantas medicinais: perspectivas em medicina veterinária. Ciência Animal, 13(1):23-32, 2003.
Padayatty, S. J., & Levine, M. (2016). Vitamin C: the known and the unknown and Goldilocks. Oral diseases, 22(6), 463-493. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12446.
Panyod, S., Ho, C. T., & Sheen, L. Y. (2020). Dietary therapy and herbal medicine for COVID-19 prevention: A review and perspective. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 10(4), 420-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.05.004.
Oliveira, E. R., & Menini Neto, L. (2012). Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos moradores do povoado de Manejo, Lima Duarte-MG. Revista Brasileira de plantas medicinais, 14, 311-320.
Pereira, A. M. S. (2017). Formulário de Preparação Extemporânea - Farmácia da Natureza - chás medicinais. São Paulo: Bertolucci.
Qureshi, R., Ghazanfar, S. A., Obied, H., Vasileva, V., & Tariq, M. A. (2016). Ethnobotany: a living science for alleviating human suffering. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9641692.
Rodrigues, T. S., Sá, K. S. G., Ishimoto, A. Y., Becerra, A., Oliveira, S., Almeida, L., Gonçalves, A. V., Perucello, D. B., Andrade, W. A., Castro, R., VERAS, F. P., Toller-Kawahisa, J. E., Nascimento, D. C., Lima, M. H. F., Silva, C. M. S., Caetite, D. B., Martins, R. B., Castro, I. A., Pontelli, M. C., Barros, F. C., Amaral, N. B., Giannini, M. C., Bonjorno, L. P., Lopes, M. I. F., Santana, R. C., Vilar, F. C., Auxiliadora-Martins, M., Luppino-Assad, R., Almeida, S. C. L., Oliveira, F. R., Batah, S. S., Siyuan, L., Benatti, M. N., Cunha, T. M., Alves-Filho, J. C., Cunha, F. Q., Cunha, L. D., Frantz, F. G., Kohlsdorf, T., Fabro, A. T., Arruda, E., Oliveira, R. D. R., Louzada-Junior, P., & Zamboni, D. S. (2020). Inflammasomes are activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with COVID-19 severity in patients. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 218(3), e20201707. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20201707.
Silva, L. H. S., Sales, I. O. M., Abreu, D. C., & Chaves. A. (2020). O Papel da Imunidade Inata na COVID-19. Health Sciences Journal, 10(3), 5-8.
Santos, J. S., Escher, G. B., Carmo, M. V., Azevedo, L., Marques, M. B., Daguer, H., Molognoni, L., Genovese, M. I., Wen, M., Zhang, L., Oh, G. J., Shahidi, F., & Granato, D. (2020). A new analytical concept based on chemistry and toxicology for herbal extracts analysis: From phenolic composition to bioactivity. Food Research International, 132, 109090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109090
Sarni, R. O., Souza, F. I., Cocco, R. R., Mallozi, M. C., & Solé, D. (2010). Micronutrientes e sistema imunológico. Rev Bras Alerg Imunopatol, 33(1), 8-13.
Silva, F. G. C., Borges, A. L. T. F., de Oliveira, J. V. L., do Nascimento Prata, A. P., de Moraes Porto, I. C. C., de Almeida, C. A. C., Sousa, J.S., Freitas, J.D., Oliveria-Filho, A. D., Reis, F.M.P. Oliveira, R. A. G., Silva, S.A.S., & Nascimento, T. G. (2020). Alimentos, Nutracêuticos e Plantas Medicinais Utilizados como Prática Complementar no Enfrentamento dos Sintomas do Coronavírus (Covid-19): Uma Revisão. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.317.
Silvino, V. O., Pereira, M. M. L., de Moura, R. C., Batista, M. C. C., Rosa, B. V., de Moura, E. H., ... & dos Santos, M. A. P. (2020). Vitamina D e doenças infectocontagiosas na pandemia da COVID-19. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), e771974614-e771974614. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4614.
Tuma, R., Granado, T., Sousa, G., Lopes, D., & Siqueira, B. (2020). Alimentação e Nutrição em tempos de pandemia - Esclareçam as suas dúvidas. "Pará contra o Coronavírus". Secretaria de Saúde Pública, Governo do PARÁ.
Thuy, B. T. P., My, T. T. A., Hai, N. T. T., Hieu, L. T., Hoa, T. T., Thi Phuong Loan, H., Triet, N. T., Anh, T. T. V., Quy, P. T., Tat, P. V., Hue, N. V., Quang, D. T., Trung, N. T., Tung, V. T., Huynh, L. K., & Nhung, N. T. A. (2020). Investigation into SARS-CoV-2 resistance of compounds in garlic essential oil. ACS omega, 5(14), 8312-8320. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c00772.
Xia, S., Lan, Q., Su, S., Wang, X., Xu, W., Liu, Z., Zhu, Y., Wang, Q., Lu, L., & JIANG, S. (2020). The role of furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated membrane fusion in the presence or absence of trypsin. Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 5(1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-0184-0.
Xia, S., Lan, Q., Su, S., Wang, X., Xu, W., Liu, Z., Zhu, Y., Wang, Q., Lu, L., & Jiang, S. (2020). Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion. Cell research, 30(4), 343-355. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0305-x.
Yisak, H., Ewunetei, A., Kefale, B., Mamuye, M., Teshome, F., Ambaw, B., & Yitbarek, G. Y. (2021). Effects of vitamin D on COVID-19 infection and prognosis: a systematic review. Risk management and healthcare policy, 14, 31. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S291584.
Zeni, A. L. B., Parisotto, A. V., Mattos, G., & Helena, E. T. D. S. (2017). Utilização de plantas medicinais como remédio caseiro na Atenção Primária em Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 22, 2703-2712. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017228.18892015.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Eduarda Moreira Cardoso; Gislene Pinto da Silva; Jânio Sousa Santos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.