Exposure to pesticides and development of hematological cancers: a case-control study

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i14.22160

Keywords:

Occupational exposure; Hematological neoplasms; Pesticides; Toxicology; Toxicology.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between chronic exposure to pesticides and the development of hematological cancers in a region with intense agricultural activity. This is a hospital-based case-control study. Socioeconomic, demographic, occupational and health-related aspects of patients were investigated. The univariate odds ratio (OR) of cases was verified using logistic regression analysis. In the multivariate analysis, the relevant variables in the model were maintained (p = 0.05). There was a predominance of males in the case (54.0%) and control (53.0%) groups. The mean age was 58.8 ± 14.5 years in the case group and 55.6 ± 12.9 years in the control group. It was found that 38.7% of the cases were farmers, and that contact for more than five years with pesticides increases the chances of developing hematological cancers by 2.19 times (OR = 2.19; 95% CI 1, 19 - 4.06). It was also found that the higher the family income, the lower the chances of these neoplasms to appear (OR = 0.26; 95% CI 0.11 - 0.65). In addition, patients who did not have a family history of cancer were 96% less likely (OR = 0.04; 95% CI 0.02 - 0.08) to develop the disease. Chronic exposure to pesticides, family history of cancer and socioeconomic status are associated with greater chances of developing hematological neoplasms. Rural workers exposed to these substances for periods of more than five years are more vulnerable.

Author Biographies

Lucinara Regina Cembranel, Community University of Chapecó Region

Master in Health Sciences from the Community University of Chapecó Region. Specialist in Clinical Analysis. Professor of the undergraduate course in Pharmacy at Unochapecó and also in the Multiprofessional Residency Program in Health.

Maria Isabel Gonçalves da Silva, Community University of Chapecó Region

Doctoral student of the Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Health Sciences, at the Community University of the Chapecó Region (Unochapecó). Master in Health Sciences and Lato Sensu Post-Graduation in Applied Toxicology, by Unochapecó.

Sinval Adalberto Rodrigues Junior, Community University of Chapecó Region

Master and PhD in Dentistry from the Federal University of Pelotas/RS. Full Professor at the Community University of Chapecó Region, in the Dentistry course. Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences at Unochapecó at Masters and Doctoral level.

Clodoaldo Antônio de Sá, Community University of Chapecó Region

Master and PhD in Human Movement Science from the Federal University of Santa Maria. Coordinator of the Masters and Doctorate courses of the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences at the Community University of the Region of Chapecó (Unochapecó).

Vanessa da Silva Corralo, Community University of Chapecó Region

Master and PhD in Toxicological Biochemistry (Biological Sciences) from the Federal University of Santa Maria. Professor of the Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Health Sciences at the Chapecó Region Community University. Director of Research and Graduate Studies Stricto Sensu at Unochapecó.

References

Alavanja, M. C. R., Samanic, C., Dosemeci, M., Lubin, J., Tarone, R., Lynch, C. F., Knott, C., Thomas, K., Hoppin, J. A., Barker, J., Coble, J., Sandler, D. P. & Blair, A. (2003). Use of agricultural pesticides and prostate cancer risk in the agricultural health study cohort. American. Journal of Epidemiology, 157(9), 800-814. https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/157/9/800/97345?login=true

Balasubramaniam, G., Saoba, S., Sarade, M., & Pinjare, S. (2013). Case-control study of risk factors for Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Mumbai, India. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 14(2), 775-780. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201321251180093.page

Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R. L., Torre, L. A., & Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6), 394-424. https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3322/caac.21492

Búrigo, T., Fagundes, R. L., Trindade, E. B., Vasconcelos, H. C., Massaut, I. H., & Rotolo, M. A. S. (2007). Ação do prebiótico sobre as proteínas de fase aguda de pacientes com neoplasia hematológica. Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia, 29, 130-135. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbhh/a/NZ5FY36yqc7PxSRV8fJpXmc/abstract/?lang=pt

Carneiro, F. F. (2015). Dossiê ABRASCO: um alerta sobre os impactos dos agrotóxicos na saúde. EPSJV/Expressão Popular. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/26221/2/Livro%20EPSJV%20013036.pdf

Coggon, D., Ntani, G., Harris, E. C., Jayakody, N., & Palmer, K. T. (2015). Soft tissue sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides: extended follow-up of a UK cohort. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 72(6), 435-441. https://oem.bmj.com/content/72/6/435.short

Costa, V. I. do B., Mello, M. S. &¨Friedrich, C. K. (2017). Exposição ambiental e ocupacional a agrotóxicos e o linfoma não Hodgkin. Saúde Em Debate, 41 (112), 49-62. https://www.scielosp.org/article/sdeb/2017.v41n112/49-62/

Curvo, H. R. M., Pignati, W. A., & Pignatti, M. G. (2013). Morbimortalidade por câncer infantojuvenil associada ao uso agrícola de agrotóxicos no Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Cadernos Saúde Coletiva, 21(1), 10-17. https://www.scielo.br/j/cadsc/a/QBWbWbZL3KxBPLXfRKgtwyd/?lang=pt

Dalamaga, M., Christodoulatos, G. S. & Mantzoros, C. S. (2018). The role of extracellular and intracellular Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives and challenges. Metabolism, 82, 72-87. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0026049518300052

Dutra, L. S. & Ferreira, A.P. (2019). Tendência de malformações congênitas e utilização de agrotóxicos em commodities: um estudo ecológico. Saúde em Debate, 43 (121), 390-405. https://www.scielo.br/j/sdeb/a/5PwnsCcxdgtXTzHQtDrbSMG/abstract/?lang=pt

Dutra, L. S., Ferreira, A. P., Horta, M. A. P., & Palhares, P. R. (2020). Uso de agrotóxicos e mortalidade por câncer em regiões de monoculturas. Saúde em Debate, 44, 1018-1035. https://www.scielo.br/j/sdeb/a/FfpPSnKCkxrdqPd8ptnfWsJ/?format=html&lang=pt

Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina – EPAGRI/CEPA. (2019). Síntese Anual da Agricultura de Santa Catarina 2017 2018. https://publicacoes.epagri.sc.gov.br/SAA/article/view/517

Freire, M. E. M., Costa, S. F. G., de Lima, da R. A. G. & Sawada, N. O. (2018). Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com câncer em cuidados paliativos. Texto & Contextexto Enfermagem, 27(2), e5420016. https://www.scielo.br/j/tce/a/br6jYdcz5C5r8kVkctrpfPG/?format=pdf&lang=pt

Hu, L., Luo, D., Zhou, T., Tao, Y., Feng, J., & Mei, S. (2017). The association between non-Hodgkin lymphoma and organophosphate pesticides exposure: A meta-analysis. Environmental Pollution, 231, 319-328. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749117307170

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica – IBGE. (2010). Censo Demográfico. Santa Catarina. https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/populacao/9662-censo-demografico-2010.html?=&t=resultados

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica – IBGE. (2018). Coordenação de População e Indicadores Sociais. Síntese de Indicadores Sociais: uma análise das condições de vida da população brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE. https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv101629.pdf

Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis – IBAMA. (2017.) Boletim Anual de Produção, Importação, Exportação e Vendas de Agrotóxicos no Brasil. http://www.ibama.gov.br/agrotoxicos/relatorios-de-comercializacao-de-agrotoxicos#boletinsanuais

Instituto Nacional de Câncer – INCA. (2015). Posicionamento do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva Acerca dos Agrotóxicos. https://www.inca.gov.br/sites/ufu.sti.inca.local/files//media/document//posicionamento-do-inca-sobre-os-agrotoxicos-06-abr-15.pdf

Instituto Nacional de Câncer – INCA. (2021). Prevenção e fatores de risco. https://www.inca.gov.br/causas-e-prevencao/prevencao-e-fatores-de-risco

Instituto Oncoguia. (2015). Câncer Hereditário. http://www.oncoguia.org.br/conteudo/cancer-hereditario/8323/73

International Agency for Research on Cancer – IARC. (2015). World Health Organization. Evaluation of five organophosphate insecticides and herbicides. IARC Monographs, 112. https://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Identification-Of-Carcinogenic-Hazards-To-Humans/Some-Organophosphate-Insecticides-And-Herbicides-2017

International Agency fro Research on Cancer – IARC. (2018). World Health Orbanization. DDT, lindane, and 2, 4-D. IARC Monographs, 113. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507424/

Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública – IPTSP (2017). Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). Estudos de Caso-Controle. https://posstrictosensu.iptsp.ufg.br/up/59/o/Modulo3-Estudosdecaso-controle.pdf

Kachuri, L., Demers, P. A., Blair, A., Spinelli, J. J., Pahwa, M., McLaughlin, J. R., Pahwa, P., Dosman, J. A. & Harris, S. A (2013). Multiple pesticide exposures and the risk of multiple myeloma in Canadian men. International Journal of Cancer, 133(8), 1846-1858. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ijc.28191

Karunanayake, C. P., Dosman, J. A., & Pahwa, P. (2013). Non-hodgkin's lymphoma and work in agriculture: Results of a two case-control studies in Saskatchewan, Canada. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 17(3), 114. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4035607/

Kim, K. H., Kabir, E., & Jahan, S. A. (2017). Exposure to pesticides and the associated human health effects. Science of the Total Environment, 575, 525-535. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004896971631926X

Landgren, O., Kyle, R. A., Hoppin, J. A., Beane Freeman, L. E., Cerhan, J. R., Katzmann, J. A., Rajkumar, S. V., Alavanja, M. C. R. (2009). Pesticide exposure and risk of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in the Agricultural Health Study. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 113(25), 6386-6391. https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/113/25/6386/25684/Pesticide-exposure-and-risk-of-monoclonal

Lara, S. S. de, Pignati, W. A., Pignatti, M. G., da Costa Leão, L. H., & Machado, J. M. H. (2019). A agricultura do agronegócio e sua relação com a intoxicação aguda por agrotóxicos no Brasil. Hygeia - Revista Brasileira de Geografia Médica e da Saúde, 15(32), 1-19. http://www.seer.ufu.br/index.php/hygeia/article/view/46822

Liu, H., & Hummer, R. A. (2008). Are educational differences in US self-rated health increasing?: An examination by gender and race. Social Science & Medicine, 67(11), 1898-1906. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953608004723

Londres, F. (2012). Agrotóxicos no Brasil: um guia para ação em defesa da vida. Rede Brasileira de Justiça Ambiental. https://br.boell.org/pt-br/2011/10/31/agrotoxicos-no-brasil-um-guia-para-acao-em-defesa-da-vida-0

Lope, V., Pérez-Gómez, B., Aragonés, N., López-Abente, G., Gustavsson, P., Plato, N., Zock, J. P. & Pollán, M. (2008). Occupation, exposure to chemicals, sensitizing agents, and risk of multiple myeloma in Sweden. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 17(11), 3123-3127. https://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/17/11/3123.short

Lopes, C. V. A., & Albuquerque, G. S. C. D. (2018). Agrotóxicos e seus impactos na saúde humana e ambiental: uma revisão sistemática. Saúde em Debate, 42 (117), 518-534. https://www.scielo.br/j/sdeb/a/bGBYRZvVVKMrV4yzqfwwKtP/abstract/?lang=pt

Lorenzatto, L. B., da Silva, M. I. G., Junior, W. A. R., Junior, S. A. R., De Sá, C. A., & Corralo, V. (2020). Exposição de trabalhadores rurais a organofosforados e carbamatos. Brazilian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 55(1), 19-31. http://www.rbciamb.com.br/index.php/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/528

Luo, D., Zhou, T., Tao, Y., Feng, Y., Shen, X. & Mei, S. (2016). Exposure to organochlorine pesticides and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 1-11. https://www.nature.com/articles/srep25768

Merhi, M., Raynal, H., Cahuzac, E., Vinson, F., Cravedi, J. P., & Gamet-Payrastre, L. (2007). Occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of hematopoietic cancers: meta-analysis of case–control studies. Cancer Causes & Control, 18(10), 1209-1226. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10552-007-9061-1

Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego - MTE. (2010). Classificação Brasileira de Ocupações: CBO–2010. https://portalfat.mte.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/CBO2002_Liv3.pdf

Mnif, W., Hassine, A. I. H., Bouaziz, A., Bartegi, A., Thomas, O., & Roig, B. (2011). Effect of endocrine disruptor pesticides: a review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(6), 2265-2303. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/8/6/2265

Mostafalou, S., & Abdollahi, M. (2017). Pesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity. Archives of Toxicology, 91(2), 549-599. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00204-016-1849-x

Moura, L. T. R. de. (2019). Fatores de risco associados à presença de neoplasias hematológicas no polo fruticultor Petrolina (PE)/Juazeiro (BA). (Tese). https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/hansen/resource/pt/biblio-1099806?src=similardocs

Moura, L. T. R. D., Bedor, C. N. G., Lopez, R. V. M., Santana, V. S., Rocha, T. M. B. D. S. D., Wünsch Filho, V., & Curado, M. P. (2020). Exposição ocupacional a agrotóxicos organofosforados e neoplasias hematológicas: uma revisão sistemática. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 23, e200022. https://www.scielosp.org/article/rbepid/2020.v23/e200022/pt/

Navaranjan, G., Hohenadel, K., Blair, A., Demers, P. A., Spinelli, J. J., Pahwa, P., McLaughlin, J. R., Dosman, J. A., Ritter, L. & Harris, S. A. (2013). Exposures to multiple pesticides and the risk of Hodgkin lymphoma in Canadian men. Cancer Causes & Control, 24(9), 1661-1673. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10552-013-0240-y

Neves, P. D. M., Mendonça, M. R., Bellini, M. I & Pôssas, B. (2020). Intoxicação por agrotóxicos agrícolas no estado de Goiás, Brasil, de 2005-2015: análise dos registros nos sistemas oficiais de informação. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25, 2743-2754. https://www.scielosp.org/article/csc/2020.v25n7/2743-2754/

Novais, C. M., de Queiroz, T. M., & Júnior, S. S. (2021). Panorama da contaminação ambiental por agrotóxicos no estado do mato grosso: risco para o abastecimento urbano. Research, Society and Development, 10(1), e23010111667-e23010111667.

Palma, D. C. de A., & Lourencetti, C. (2011). Agrotóxicos em água e alimentos: risco a saúde humana. Revista Brasileira Multidisciplinar, 14(2), 7-21. https://www.revistarebram.com/index.php/revistauniara/article/view/108

Perrotta, C., Kleefeld, S., Staines, A., Tewari, P., De Roos, A. J., Baris, D., Birmann, B., Chiu, B., Cozen, W., Becker, N., Foretova, L., Maynadié, M., Nieters, A., De Sanjosé, S., Miligi, L. Seniori Costantini, A., Purdue, M., Spinelli, J. & Cocco, P. (2013). Multiple myeloma and occupation: a pooled analysis by the International Multiple Myeloma Consortium. Cancer Epidemiology, 37(3), 300-305. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S187778211300012X

Perrotta, C., Staines, A., Codd, M., Kleefeld, S., Crowley, D., T’ Mannetje, A., Becker, N., Brennan, P., De Sanjosé, S., Foretova, L., Maynadié, M., Nieters, A., Boffetta, P. & Cocco, P. (2012). Multiple Myeloma and lifetime occupation: results from the EPILYMPH study. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 7(1), 1-6. https://occup-med.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1745-6673-7-25

Preza, D. de L. C & Augusto, L. G. da S. (2012). Vulnerabilidades de trabalhadores rurais frente ao uso de agrotóxicos na produção de hortaliças em região do Nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional, 37, 89-98. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbso/a/tBb4YhMVcDbX3PVHKKHHg7S/abstract/?lang=pt

Rudant, J., Menegaux, F., Leverger, G., Baruchel, A., Nelken, B., Bertrand, Y., Patte, C., Pacquement, H., Vérité, C., Robert, A., Michel, G., Margueritte, G., Gandemer, V., Hémon, D. & Clavel, J. (2007). Household exposure to pesticides and risk of childhood hematopoietic malignancies: the ESCALE study (SFCE). Environmental Health Perspectives, 115(12), 1787-1793. https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.10596

Santos, A. de O., Borges-Paluch, L. R., Cerqueira, T. P. dos S. & Teles, A. L. B. (2017). Utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual e agrotóxicos por agricultores de município do recôncavo Baiano. Revista da Universidade Vale do Rio Verde, 15(1), 738-754. http://periodicos.unincor.br/index.php/revistaunincor/article/view/3309

Santos, S., Tavares, D. & Barabosa, M. (2010). Fatores socioeconômicos, incapacidade funcional e número de doenças entre idosos. Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem, 12(4), 692-7. https://www.revistas.ufg.br/index.php/fen/article/view/7628

Schinasi, L. & Leon, M. E. (2014). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and occupational exposure to agricultural pesticide chemical groups and active ingredients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(4), 4449-4527. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/4/4449/htm

Vajdic, C. M., Fritschi, L., Grulich, A. E., Kaldor, J. M., Benke, G., Kricker, A, Hughes, A. M., Turner, J. J., Milliken, S., Goumas, C. & Armstrong, B. K. (2007). Atopy, exposure to pesticides and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. International Journal of Cancer, 120(10), 2271-2274. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ijc.22602

Viero, C. M., Camponogara, S., Cezar-Vaz, M. R., Costa, V. Z. D., & Beck, C. L. C. (2016). Risk society: the use of pesticides and implications for the health of rural workers. Escola Anna Nery, 20(1), 99-105.

Vucenik, I.., & Stains, J. P. (2012). Obesity and cancer risk: evidence, mechanisms, and recommendations. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1271(1), 37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3476838/

Weichenthal, S., Moase, C. & Chan, P. (2010). A review of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study cohort. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118(8), 1117-1125. https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.0901731

Zakerinia, M., Namdari, M. & Amirghofran, S. (2012). The relationship between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of lymphoid neoplasm. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 14(6), 337. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3420024/

Downloads

Published

08/11/2021

How to Cite

CEMBRANEL, L. R.; SILVA, M. I. G. da .; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, S. A.; SÁ, C. A. de .; CORRALO, V. da S. . Exposure to pesticides and development of hematological cancers: a case-control study. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 14, p. e443101422160, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i14.22160. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/22160. Acesso em: 4 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences