The ophthalmological alterations due to the use of chloroquine and/or hydroxychlroquine in the context of the COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i14.22237Keywords:
Hydroxychloroquine; Chloroquine; Retinopathy; COVID-19.Abstract
In the context of the new coronavirus pandemic, the drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were massively disseminated and used as a treatment against COVID-19. These drugs are known to have side effects, including ocular complications. The present study analyzes whether these ophthalmic side effects are possible, considering the prescription of these drugs recommended for the early treatment of COVID-19 by the Ministry of Health of Brazil in 2020. This work aims to carry out an integrative review in order to identify what are the ophthalmologic side effects from the use of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Searching on the PUBMED platform. The process used as search terms “Hydroxychloroquine”, “Chloroquine”, “Ophthalmopathy” and “Retinopathy”. Included scientific articles published between 2015 and 2020, in English or Portuguese and with free access to the full text. Data regarding authors, main results, risk factors and year of publication were collected. Fourteen studies were selected, in which retinal toxicity or HCQ/CQ retinopathy are addressed. It was observed that the most important risk factors for the development of ocular complications are a cumulative dose of at least 600g of HCQ or of at least 460g of CQ and a therapy lasting at least 3 years. In addition, other risk factors were exposed, such as daily intake, physical type, concomitant use of tamoxifen and patients' comorbidities. The development of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine retinopathy is mainly dependent on the cumulative dose and duration of therapy.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Denizard Saloni Pacine; Maria Júlia Pequeno Oliveira; Kayenna Rocha Santana Sampaio Hoffmann; Natália Pereira Pimentel; Tauan de Oliveira
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