Clinical evaluation of the presence of hyposalivation in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27042Keywords:
Chronic Renal Insufficiency; Renal Dialysis; Saliva.Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and oral health conditions of chronic renal patients submitted to hemodialysis in the municipality of Patos-PB, Brazil. For data collection, a detailed anamnesis was performed, with extra and intraoral physical examination, arterial pressure gauging, oximetry with digital oximeter, sialometry with a millimeter test tube, and data collection in medical records. Thirty-five patients with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure participated in the study. According to the data, the majority was male (n = 23; 51.1%), with a mean age of 51.02, ranging from 22 to 80 years. The mean duration of nephropathy was 6.54 years, ranging from 0.08 to 59 years, and the two main causes were hypertension (n = 19, 42.2%) and diabetes (n = 6, 13.3%). The mean values of systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were indicative of arterial hypertension. The prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation were, respectively, 60.0% (n = 27) and 24.4% (n = 11). In addition, more than half of the patients had gingivitis (n = 27, 60.0%) and periodontitis (n = 23, 51.1%). The results of the laboratory tests showed that the mean values of urea (M = 115.96), calcium (M = 10.36) and phosphorus (M = 4.84) and glycemia (M = 158.05) were elevated. Regarding the hemoglobin and hematocrit values, the mean values were below the reference limits. The most prevalent comorbidities and risk factors were: hypertension (n = 31, 68.9%), stress (n = 25, 55.6%), smoking (n = 18, 40.0% 14, 31.1%) and cardiopathies (n = 14, 31.1%). There was a statistically significant association between hyposalivation and diabetes (p = 0.02). The proportion of hyposalivation was significantly higher among patients with diabetes (n = 7; 50.0%) compared to those without diabetes (n = 4; 12.9%). The patient with Chronic Kidney Disease needs special attention in the dental care because many oral complications can arise by the action of the Chronic Kidney Disease itself or by the action of comorbidities such as hyposalivation.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Sivanilson Assis Medeiros; Inngryd Christine Ramos Oliveira; Daniel Furtado Silva; Fernando Martins Baeder; Paola Fernanda Leal Corazza; Maria Sueli Marques Soares; Lino João da Costa; Ana Carolina Lyra de Albuquerque
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