Periodization of training for Ironman triathletes: A systematic review on methods and effectiveness of training programs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.32019Keywords:
Sport; Performance; Endurance exercise; Triathlon.Abstract
The objective of the present study was to systematically review the literature on the periodization of training for long-distance triathletes, Ironman 70.3 and Ironman competitors. Searches were conducted in PubMed, SportDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo and Medline. The analysis of the article information was performed using the STROBE statement checklist and the data were analyzed using the categorical content analysis technique. The review included 6 studies published from 1989 to 2020. Athletes of both sexes, contemplating the amateur competition level, are representatives of the following modalities: Ironman (66.8%) and Ironman 70.3 (33.2%). The surveys were developed in Spain (2), the United States (1), Canada (1) and in two other studies the place of competition was not mentioned by the authors. The results revealed that Classical Periodization was used as a training model, a large weekly volume and many training sessions. Most of the time dedicated to the training sessions was spent in low intensity training and a small part in threshold intensity or high intensity. It is noted, therefore, that endurance sports require athletes to spend a large part of their time training at low intensity to provide better performance gains. This study also concluded that there is a lack of research regarding the periodization of training events for this population specifically.
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