Macromorphoscopic characters of the skull and their application to the estimation of ancestry in contemporary American populations: a systematic review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.32103

Keywords:

America; Anatomy; Forensic Anthropology; Skull.

Abstract

Human identification can be challenging in the presence of bodies in an advanced state of decomposition, which requires the reconstruction of a biological profile of the victim. This study aimed to point out which morphological features of the skull are more frequently studied to estimate ancestry in contemporary populations of the Americas. A systematic review protocol was registered in Open Science Framework database and followed the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute manual. Macromorphoscopic studies on the ancestry of the human skull in American populations were searched. Archaeological studies, studies on bones of non-adult individuals, and studies with metric or genetic analyses were excluded. Seven databases (MedLine via PubMed, Scopus, Embase, LILACS, BBO, SciELO and Web of Science) were searched as primary data sources. ProQuest, Google Scholar and OpenGrey databases were used to capture “grey literature”. Two reviewers independently collected data, checked for eligibility criteria and assessed the risk of bias. The qualitative synthesis was carried out in a descriptive/narrative manner. Initially, 4.526 records were found. Six studies were selected for qualitative synthesis. The studies were published between 2010 and 2020 and were carried out in the United States of America, Canada and Colombia. The eligible studies indicated as the most frequently observed cranial morphological characteristics to estimate ancestry the Anterior Nasal Spine (ANS), the Interorbital Width (IOB), the Nasal Aperture Width (NAW), the Nasal Bone Overgrowth (NO) and the Post-bregmatic Depression (PBD). Such structures are mostly addressed in the anthropological method proposed by Hefner in 2009.

References

Monsalve, T.; Hefner, J. (2016). Macromorphoscopic trait expression in a cranial sample from Medellín, Colombia. Forensic Sci. Int., 266, 574.e1-574.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.07.014

Hurst, C. (2012). Morphoscopic trait used to identify southwest hispanics. J. Forensic Sci., 57(4), 859-865. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02080.x

Dunn, R.; Spiros, M.; Kamnikar, K.; Plemons, A.; Hefner, J. (2020). Ancestry estimation in forensic anthropology: a review. WIREs. Forensic Sci., e1369, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1369

International Organization for Migration. (2020). World Migration Report. Available at: https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020.pdf (acessado 20 de Fevereiro de 2022).

De Boer, H. H.; Obertová, Z.; Cunha, E.; Adalian, P.; Baccino, E.; Fracasso, T., et al. (2020) Strengthening the role of forensic anthropology in personal identification: position statement by the Board of the Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe (FASE). Forensic Sci. Int., 315, 110456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110456

Dudzik, B.; Jantz, R. L. (2016). Misclassifications of hispanics using Fordisc 3.1: Comparing cranial morphology in asian and hispanic populations. J. Forensic. Sci., 61(5), 1311-1318. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13123

Hefner, J. (2009). Cranial nonmetric variation and estimating ancestry. J. Forensic Sci., 54(5), 985-995. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01118.x

Hefner, J.; Pilloud, M.; Black, J.; Anderson, B. (2015). Morphoscopic trait expression in “hispanic” populations. J. Forensic Sci., 60(5), 1135-1139. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12826

Moola, S. Z.; Munn, Z.; Tufanaru, C.; Aromataris, E.; Sears, K.; Sfetcu, R., et al. (2017). Systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In: Aromataris, E.; Munn, Z.; (Editors). (2020). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Adelaide: Joanna Briggs Institute. http://dx.doi.org/10.46658/JBIMES-20-08

Nascimento, C. T. J. S.; Oliveira, M. N.; Vidigal, M. T. C.; Inocêncio, G. S. G.; Vieira, W. A.; Franco, A., et al. (2022). Domestic violence against women detected and managed in dental practice: a systematic review. J. Fam. Violence., 6, 1-12. [epub] https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-021-00351-9

Birkby, W. H.; Fenton, T. W.; Anderson, B. E. (2008). Identifying southwest Hispanics using nonmetric traits and the cultural profile. J. Forensic Sci., 53 (1), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00611.x

Cunha, E.; Ubelaker, D. (2020). Evaluation of ancestry from human skeletal remains: a concise review. Forensic Sci. Res., 5(2), 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F20961790.2019.1697060

Spiros, M. C.; Hefner, J. T. (2020). Ancestry estimation using cranial and postcranial macromorphoscopic traits. J. Forensic Sci., 65(3), 921-929. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14231

Klales, A.; Kenyhercz, M. (2015). Morphological assessment of ancestry using cranial macromorphoscopics. J Forensic Sci., 60(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12563

Latham, K. E.; O'Daniel, A.J. (2018). Sociopolitics of Migrant Death and Repatriation. New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61866-1

Ross, A. H.; Williams, S. E. (2021). Ancestry studies in forensic anthropology: back on the frontier of racism. Biology (Basel), 10(7), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10070602

Hefner, J. T. (2018). The macromorphoscopic databank. Am. J. Biol. Anthropol., 166(4), 994-1004. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23492

Plemons, A.; Hefner, J. T. (2016). Ancestry estimation using macromorphoscopic traits. Acad. Forensic Pathol., 6(3), 400-412. https://doi.org/10.23907/2016.041

Hefner, J. T.; Ousley, S. D. (2014). Statistical classification methods for estimating ancestry using morphoscopic traits. J. Forensic Sci., 59(4), 883-890. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12421

Iscan, M. A.; Steyn, M. (2013). Human skeleton in forensic medicine. 3rd Ed. Springfield: Charles C Thomas.

Aromataris, E.; Munn, Z. (2020). JBI manual for evidence synthesis. Adelaide: JBI.

Shamseer, L.; Moher, D.; Clarke, M.; Ghersi, D.; Liberati, A.; Petticrew, M., et al. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. BMJ, 349, g7647. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g7647

Page, M. J.; McKenzie, J. E.; Bossuyt, P. M.; Boutron, I.; Hoffmann, T. C.; Mulrow, C. D., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71

Rhine, S. (1990). Nonmetric skull racing. in skeletal attribution of race: methods for forensic anthropology, edited by gill and rhine, Albuquerque: Maxwell Museum of Anthropology.

Published

13/07/2022

How to Cite

ARGOLLO, S. da P. .; MENESES-SANTOS, D.; OLIVEIRA, M. N. de .; CALMON, M.; MARQUES, J. A. M.; PARANHOS, L. R.; FRANCO, A. Macromorphoscopic characters of the skull and their application to the estimation of ancestry in contemporary American populations: a systematic review. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 9, p. e38911932103, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i9.32103. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/32103. Acesso em: 14 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences