Motivational profile of participants in a home physical activity program during the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.33838Keywords:
COVID 19 pandemic; Physical exercise; Motivation.Abstract
Introduction: For the promotion of physical activities with adherence adjustments, if necessary, understanding all levels of factors that can influence participation. Objective: To identify the motivational profile of participants in a physical activity program and the reasons for which participants seek the project. Methodology: This is a descriptive study based on the remote physical activity program proposed during the pandemic by “Musculação UESC” extension project. A total of 125 applicants were contacted to conduct an interview via call for a pre-assessment of participation. In this pre-assessment, the instruments an, PAR-Q, online motivational profiles (IMPRAF-54 and BREQ-3) were used, all adapted in form. Of these, 39 agreed to participate in the interviews carried out by one of the members of the Extension Project team. Results: the participants showed a motivational profile with the highest intrinsic motivation and the most self-determined types of behavioral regulations identified. The main reasons reported by the participants were related to pleasure and health considered as more intrinsic reasons. A trend was observed among men who were identified as having the highest Indicator Scores, presented and in which the greatest reasons for competition and pleasure. The reasons were correlated with the identified solutions, regulation and intrinsic regulation, of more self-determined regulations. And it was age correlated with the identified. Conclusion: The participants in a program of remote physical activities during a pandemic have more self-determined behavioral regulations and intrinsic motives. Keywords: COVID 19 pandemic; Physical exercise; Motivation.
References
Balbinotti, M. A. A.; & Barbosa, M. L. L (2006). Inventário de motivação à prática regular de atividade física (IMPRAF-54). Laboratório de Psicologia do Esporte – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre.
Barbosa, M. L. L. (2006). Propriedades métricas do inventário de motivação à prática regular de atividade física (IMPRAF-126).
Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., ... & Willumsen, J. F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British journal of sports medicine, 54(24), 1451-1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955
Carvalho, J. (2014). Pode o exercício físico ser um bom medicamento para o envelhecimento saudável?. Acta Farmacêutica Portuguesa, 3(2), 125-133.
Conroy, D. E., & Berry, T. R. (2017). Automatic affective evaluations of physical activity. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 45(4), 230-237. doi: 10.1249/JES.0000000000000120
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). “Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life’s domains”: Correction to Deci and Ryan (2008). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0708-5591.49.3.262
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Motivation and self-determination in human behavior. NY: Plenum Publishing Co.
Ding, D., del Pozo Cruz, B., Green, M. A., & Bauman, A. E. (2020). Is the COVID-19 lockdown nudging people to be more active: a big data analysis. British journal of sports medicine, 54(20), 1183-1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102575
Duncan, L. R., Hall, C. R., Wilson, P. M., & Jenny, O. (2010). Exercise motivation: a cross-sectional analysis examining its relationships with frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-7
ENGLAND S (2020). New exercise habits forming during coronavirus crisis. London, UK: Sport England.
Fisher, J., Sales, A., Carlson, L., & Steele, J. (2017). A comparison of the motivational factors between CrossFit participants and other resistance exercise modalities: a pilot study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 57(9), 1227-1234.
Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I. M., ... & Swain, D. P. (2011). Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8CR5T2R
Guedes, D., & Sofiati, S. (2015). Tradução e validação psicométrica do Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire para uso em adultos brasileiros. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 20(4), 397-397. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.v.20n4p397
Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2018). Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1· 9 million participants. The lancet global health, 6(10), e1077-e1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
Ingledew, D. K., & Markland, D. (2008). The role of motives in exercise participation. Psychology and health, 23(7), 807-828. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440701405704
Ingledew, D. K., Markland, D., & Ferguson, E. (2009). Three levels of exercise motivation. Applied psychology: health and well‐being, 1(3), 336-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01015.x
Joy, L. (2020). Staying active during COVID-19. American College of Sports Medicine-Exercise Is Medicine. Disponível em: https://www. exerciseismedicine. org/support_page. php/stories. Acesso em: 21 de jan de 2021.
Kohl 3rd, H. W., Craig, C. L., Lambert, E. V., Inoue, S., Alkandari, J. R., Leetongin, G., ... & Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. (2012). The pandemic of physical inactivity: global action for public health. The lancet, 380(9838), 294-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60898-8
Li, F. (1999). The exercise motivation scale: Its multifaceted structure and construct validity. Journal of applied sport psychology, 11(1), 97-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413209908402953
Malta, D. C., Szwarcwald, C. L., Barros, M. B. D. A., Gomes, C. S., Machado, Í. E., Souza Júnior, P. R. B. D., ... & Gracie, R. (2020). A pandemia da COVID-19 e as mudanças no estilo de vida dos brasileiros adultos: um estudo transversal, 2020. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde, 29. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-49742020000400026
Marcos-Pardo, P. J., Martínez-Rodríguez, A., & Gil-Arias, A. (2018). Impact of a motivational resistance-training programme on adherence and body composition in the elderly. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19764-6
Marin, D. P., Polito, L. F. T., Foschini, D., Urtado, C. B., & Otton, R. (2018). Motives, motivation and exercise behavioral regulations in CrossFit and resistance training participants. Psychology, 9(14), 2869. doi: 10.4236/psych.2018.914166
Mattioli, A. V., & Ballerini Puviani, M. (2020). Lifestyle at time of COVID-19: How could quarantine affect cardiovascular risk. American Journal of lifestyle medicine, 14(3), 240-242. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827620918808
Mazo, G. Z., Meurer, S. T., & Benedetti, T. R. B. (2009). Motivação de idosos para a adesão a um programa de exercícios físicos. Psicologia para América Latina, (18), 0-0.
Molanorouzi, K., Khoo, S., & Morris, T. (2015). Motives for adult participation in physical activity: type of activity, age, and gender. BMC public health, 15(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1429-7
de Oliveira Neto, L., Elsangedy, H. M., de Oliveira Tavares, V. D., Teixeira, C. V. L. S., Behm, D. G., & Da Silva-Grigoletto, M. E. (2020). # TrainingInHome-Home-based training during COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) pandemic: physical exercise and behavior-based approach. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercí cio, 19(2), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v19i2.4006
Peçanha, T., Goessler, K. F., Roschel, H., & Gualano, B. (2020). Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00268.2020
Pedersen, B. K., & Saltin, B. (2015). Exercise as medicine–evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 25, 1-72. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12581
Pitanga, F. J. G., Beck, C. C., & Pitanga, C. P. S. (2020). Inatividade física, obesidade e COVID-19: perspectivas entre múltiplas pandemias. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 25, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.25e0114
Rhodes, R. E., Lubans, D. R., Karunamuni, N., Kennedy, S., & Plotnikoff, R. (2017). Factors associated with participation in resistance training: a systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(20), 1466-1472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096950
Ribeiro, J. A. B., Cavalli, A. S., Cavalli, M. O., Pogorzelski, L. D. V., Prestes, M. R., & Ricardo, L. I. C. (2012). Adesão de idosos a programas de atividade física: motivação e significância. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, 34, 969-984. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-32892012000400012
Rodrigues, F., Teixeira, D. S., Cid, L., Machado, S., & Monteiro, D. (2019). The role of dark‐side of motivation and intention to continue in exercise: A self‐determination theory approach. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 60(6), 585-595. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12582
Rodgers, W. M., Hall, C. R., Duncan, L. R., Pearson, E., & Milne, M. I. (2010). Becoming a regular exerciser: Examining change in behavioural regulations among exercise initiates. Psychology of Sport and exercise, 11(5), 378-386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.04.007
Romero, B. F., Castanho, G. K. F., Chiminazzo, J. G. C., Barreira, J., & Fernandes, P. T. (2017). Motivação e atividade física: os projetos de extensão na Universidade. Pensar a Prática, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.5216/rpp.v20i1.44134
Ryan, R. M. (1995). Psychological needs and the facilitation of integrative processes. Journal of personality, 63(3), 397-427. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1995.tb00501.x
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2007). Active human nature: Self-determination theory and the promotion and maintenance of sport, exercise, and health. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport, 1, 19.
Schwendinger, F., & Pocecco, E. (2020). Counteracting physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence-based recommendations for home-based exercise. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(11), 3909.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113909
Safiyari-Hafizi, H., Taunton, J., Ignaszewski, A., & Warburton, D. E. (2016). The health benefits of a 12-week home-based interval training cardiac rehabilitation program in patients with heart failure. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 561-567.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.031
Sherwood, N. E., & Jeffery, R. W. (2000). The behavioral determinants of exercise: implications for physical activity interventions. Annual review of nutrition, 20, 21.
Teixeira, P. J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 9(1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-9-78
Weman-Josefsson, K., Lindwall, M., & Ivarsson, A. (2015). Need satisfaction, motivational regulations and exercise: moderation and mediation effects. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 12(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0226-0
Wilczynska, M., Lubans, D. R., Cohen, K. E., Smith, J. J., Robards, S. L., & Plotnikoff, R. C. (2016). Rationale and study protocol for the ‘eCoFit’randomized controlled trial: Integrating smartphone technology, social support and the outdoor physical environment to improve health-related fitness among adults at risk of, or diagnosed with, Type 2 Diabetes. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 49, 116-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2016.06.013
Wilson, P. M., Rodgers, W. M., Fraser, S. N., & Murray, T. C. (2004). Relationships between exercise regulations and motivational consequences in university students. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 75(1), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2004.10609136
Wilson, K., & Brookfield, D. (2009). Effect of goal setting on motivation and adherence in a six‐week exercise program. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 7(1), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2009.9671894
Wilson, P. M., Rodgers, W. M., Loitz, C. C., & Scime, G. (2006). “It's Who I Am… Really!’The importance of integrated regulation in exercise contexts 1. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 11(2), 79-104. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9861.2006.tb00021.x
World Health Organization. (2012). Physical inactivity: a global public health problem. 2010. <https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_inactivity/en/.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Hildo Leonardo Gonçalves Pinto; Douglas Chagas dos Santos; Matheus Araújo da Costa Santana; Luiz Fernando Paulino Ribeiro; David Ohara; João Paulo Pereira Rosa; Valdir de Aquino Lemos; Eduardo da Silva Alves

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.