Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: A Systematic Review of the Increasing Incidence and Diagnosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35748Keywords:
Child; Pediatrics; Autistic Disorder; Neurodevelopmental disorders.Abstract
In several countries, increases have been reported in cases diagnosed as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children, a process that brings with it numerous questions, ranging from the screening method to the quality of care by health professionals. The central objective of this systematic review was to bring together the most recent studies focused on the care and primary care of children with ASD, and to conduct a brief analysis on the increasing incidence and its significant associations. Aiming to assess this phenomenon, a search was accomplished in the databases of the USA National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and the Virtual Health Library (BVS) considering the articles published in the last 5 years. The terms “autism”, “diagnosis”, “epidemiology” and “pediatrics” and the descriptor “AND” were used, and 140 articles were found. 4 studies were included to complement the search. After being submitted to exclusion criteria, such as passing through the proposed theme and presenting duplicity, 15 works were selected. The results showed an increase in the incidence of autism, especially in more socioeconomically vulnerable communities, in addition, there were concerns related to the screening, diagnosis and professional qualification processes since medical graduation, and the need for improvements that allow early intervention proper. The investment in research in the health area and in the Unified Health System (SUS) directly in the field of primary care in patients with ASD, proved to be one of the most important measures to be taken, due to the complexity of the disorder due to its heterogeneity and the benefits of early intervention.
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