Impacts of late diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i16.38175Keywords:
Late Diagnosis; Psychosocial Impact; Autism spectrum disorder.Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Early diagnosis is a tool to minimize losses, however, some individuals are diagnosed in adulthood and there is a shortage of works aimed at this age group. Objectives: Understand and analyze the reasons that lead to late diagnosis of ASD and what are the functional and psychosocial impacts caused to adult patients who receive this diagnosis. Methodology: This is an integrative review about the impacts of late diagnosis of ASD in adults. The PICO strategy was used to prepare the guiding question. Furthermore, the descriptors “Late Diagnosis” were crossed; “Autistic Spectrum Disorder” and “Psychosocial Impact” in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and PubMed. Results and Discussion: From the 12 selected studies, it is noted that, as it is associated with childhood, there are few studies on ASD directed at the adult population. Thus, many people spend much of their lives with the symptoms of the disorder, but without receiving the diagnosis. This triggers losses and makes it impossible for the individual to seek interventions to improve their quality of life. Conclusion: After this review, we emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of ASD and the creation of new studies on the subject, in order to improve the quality of life of the adult population with the disorder, as well as the relief of symptoms that, many times, sometimes worsen due to the lack of specific treatments.
References
Associação Psiquiátrica Americana (APA). (2013). Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (5 ª ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Avlund, S. H., Thomsen, P. H., Schendel, D., Jørgensen, M., Carlsen, A. H., & Clausen, L. (2021). Factors associated with a delayed autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in children previously assessed on suspicion of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(11), 3843-3856.
Bardin, L. 2011 (1997). Análise de conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70
Bernardo, W. M., Nobre, M. R. C., & Jatene, F. B. (2004). Evidence based clinical practice: part II-searching evidence databases. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 50(1), 104-108.
Caparroz, J., & Soldera, P. E. S. (2022). Transtorno do espectro autista: impactos do diagnóstico e suas repercussões no contexto das relações familiares. Open Minds International Journal, 3(1), 33-44.
Carbone, P. S., Campbell, K., Wilkes, J., Stoddard, G. J., Huynh, K., Young, P. C., & Gabrielsen, T. P. (2020). Primary care autism screening and later autism diagnosis. Pediatrics, 146(2).
Ercole, F. F., Melo, L. S. D., & Alcoforado, C. L. G. C. (2014). Revisão integrativa versus revisão sistemática. Revista Mineira de Enfermagem, 18(1), 9-12.
Fusar-Poli, L., Brondino, N., Politi, P., & Aguglia, E. (2020). Missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses of adults with autism spectrum disorder. European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 1-12.
Gesi, C., Migliarese, G., Torriero, S., Capellazzi, M., Omboni, A. C., Cerveri, G., & Mencacci, C. (2021). Gender differences in misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis among adults with autism spectrum disorder with no language or intellectual disability. Brain Sciences, 11(7), 912.
Lima, H. K. S. D., Dutra, J. E. R., Carvalho, J., Martins, J. R., Santos, P. P. D., & Machado, V. R. M. V. (2021). Diagnóstico tardio do autismo em adultos (Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso). Etec Adolpho Berezin, Mongaguá, Brasil.
Mendes, K. D. S., Silveira, R. C. D. C. P., & Galvão, C. M. (2008). Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & contexto-enfermagem, 17, 758-764.
Menezes, M. Z. M. (2020). O diagnóstico do transtorno do espectro autista na fase adulta (Monografia). Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Belo Horizonte, 2020.
Oliveira, J. S., Faria, A. B., Reis Guerra, A. M., Ciolfi, G. M., & de Almeida Hermes, T. (2021). Principais temas relacionados ao Transtorno do Espectro Autista na população infantil e adulta: Revisão de literatura Main topics related to Autism Spectrum Disorder in children and adults population: Literature review. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 4(5), 22950-22963.
Orrú, S. E. (2020). Singularidades e impacto social del autismo severo en Brasil. Humanidades Médicas, 20(2).
Pereira, P. L. S., Quintela, E. H. S. X., Chiamulera, T. M., David, A. K. F., Souza, G. A., Medeiros, P. K. F., Galvão, A. B. O., & de Lucena Marcolino, A. B. (2021). Importância da implantação de questionários para rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce do transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) na atenção primária. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 4(2), 8364-8377.
Ruggieri, V. (2020). Autismo, depresión y riesgo de suicidio. MEDICINA (Buenos Aires), 80, 12-16.
Santos, C. M. D. C., Pimenta, C. A. D. M., & Nobre, M. R. C. (2007). A estratégia PICO para a construção da pergunta de pesquisa e busca de evidências. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 15, 508-511.
Shaw, G. S. L., Leandro, L., & Rocha-Oliveira, R. (2021). Discutindo mitos e verdades sobre o autismo: contribuições de uma palestra para compreensão do transtorno do espectro autista. Revista de estudios y experiencias en educación, 20(43), 17-33.
Silva, A. C. F., Araújo, M. D. L., & Dornelas, R. T. (2020). A importância do diagnóstico precoce do transtorno do espectro autista. Psicologia & Conexões, 1(1).
Silva, M. F. B. (2018). Diagnóstico de Transtorno do Espectro Autista-TEA Definição de critérios e considerações sobre a prática. Especialize, 1(15), 1-15.
Souza, M. T. D., Silva, M. D. D., & Carvalho, R. D. (2010). Revisão integrativa: o que é e como fazer. Einstein (São Paulo), 8, 102-106.
Viana, A. C. V., Martins, A. A. E., Tensol, I. K. V., Barbosa, K. I., Pimenta, N. M. R., & de Souza Lima, B. S. (2020). Saúde Dinâmica, 2(3), 1-18.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Luísa Macedo Nalin; Bruna Alves de Matos; Gabrielly Gonçalves Vieira; Priscila Capelari Orsolin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.