Incidence of leprosy cases in Amazonas between 2011 and 2021 clinical and sociodemographic profile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42112Keywords:
Incidence; Leprosy; Amazon; Observational study; Epidemiological monitoring.Abstract
Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by acid-fast bacilli of the Mycobacterium group, which includes the species Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobaterium lepromatosis. Epidemiological studies that elucidate the incidence of this disease in the state of Amazonas are still scarce. Objectives: To estimate the incidence of leprosy cases in the state of Amazonas between 2011 and 2021, as well as to characterize the sociodemographic profile and clinical and laboratory manifestations of this population. Methodology This is an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, consisting of leprosy patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2021 in the state of Amazonas, with data provided by SINAN. All data were collected from the DATASUS platform, tabulated and demonstrated using Microsoft Excel 2021 software. Results: 6,628 individuals diagnosed with leprosy were included in our analysis, most of whom were male (62.30%), aged between 20 -39 years old (34.76%), of brown ethnicity (78.70%), coming mainly from the interior of the state (65.06%) and had incomplete primary education (53.43%). Regarding clinical and laboratory manifestations, it was observed that these patients were more frequently classified as multibacillary (64.47%), did not present physical disabilities resulting from the progression of the disease (55.99%), recurrently manifested the borderline clinical form (40.84%), negative bacilloscopy (47.15%) and did not present reactional episodes (64.24%). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights that patients with leprosy diagnosed in the state of Amazonas belong to groups of social vulnerability and that public health policies need to be developed in order to minimize the stigmas of the disease.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Joey Ramone Ferreira Fonseca; Graziela Veiga Pinheiro; Patrícia Souza dos Santos; Wanderléia dos Santos Barbosa; Anne Cristine Gomes de Almeida; Marcelo Augusto Mota Brito ; Jonathas Wellington Alves de Sá
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