Toxoplasma gondii: Aspectos celulares del parásito

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i1.48052

Palabras clave:

Toxoplasmosis; Patogénesis; Caracterización molecular; Respuesta inmunológica.

Resumen

Objetivo: Toxoplasma gondii es un protozoo intracelular obligado de gran preocupación veterinaria y médica, ya que causa toxoplasmosis, una enfermedad fácilmente transmisible que se presenta en diversas formas infecciosas. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo explorar las complejidades de la transmisión y patogénesis de T. gondii, así como los desafíos en el desarrollo de vacunas efectivas. Metodología: Para la elaboración del artículo se realizó una revisión bibliográfica basada en libros y trabajos experimentales a través de búsquedas en Google, bases de datos académicas y PubMed. Impacto: La toxoplasmosis sigue siendo un problema generalizado de salud pública y veterinaria, especialmente en personas inmunodeprimidas, donde la enfermedad puede provocar resultados más graves. Se presenta un análisis exhaustivo del ciclo de vida de T. gondii, las vías de transmisión y los mecanismos de infección del huésped. La revisión se centra en la capacidad del parásito para invadir las células nucleadas del huésped intermediario, como los macrófagos, las células epiteliales y las células neurales y musculares, lo que en última instancia conduce a la formación de quistes que contribuyen a la infección crónica. A pesar de los numerosos estudios sobre el parásito, la falta de una vacuna eficaz sigue obstaculizando el progreso en la prevención y el control de la enfermedad. Hallazgos y contribuciones únicas: Esta revisión destaca los sofisticados mecanismos por los cuales T. gondii infecta las células huésped y la cronicidad de la enfermedad a través de la formación de quistes. Hace hincapié en la actual brecha en el desarrollo de vacunas, subrayando la necesidad urgente de enfoques innovadores para el diseño de vacunas. El estudio ofrece una perspectiva crítica sobre la comprensión actual de la biología de T. gondii y los desafíos en la creación de inmunidad duradera contra la toxoplasmosis, lo que lo convierte en una valiosa contribución al campo.

Citas

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21/01/2025

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COSTA, G. T. .; SOUZA, I. S. R. de .; OLIVEIRA, D. W. de .; SOUZA, O. M. de J. .; AFONSO, C. M. C. .; CARVALHO, G. O. A. M. de .; SEABRA, S. H. .; FORTES, F. da S. de A. . Toxoplasma gondii: Aspectos celulares del parásito . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. e7714148052, 2025. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v14i1.48052. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/48052. Acesso em: 14 jun. 2025.

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Ciencias de la salud

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Derechos de autor 2025 Giullyane Tardivo Costa; Isabelle Santos Rosa de Souza; Douglas William de Oliveira; Olga Maria de Jesus Souza; Carmelinda Monteiro Costa Afonso; Gabriella Oliveira Alves Moreira de Carvalho; Sergio Henrique Seabra; Fabio da Silva de Azevedo Fortes

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