COVID 19: Relationship of the epidemiological pattern of COVID-19 between China and Italy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4840Keywords:
Coronavirus infections; Epidemiology; Risk factors.Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the epidemiological pattern of COVID-19 between Italy and China. The question that guided the review was: What were the epidemiological factors that led to the expression of COVID-19 between China and Italy? The search for the articles was carried out in April 2020 in the following databases: Scielo, Pubmed, VHL, ScienceDirect and Medline, using the following keywords: Coronavirus infections, epidemiology and risk factors. Studies show notable differences in the mortality rate between Asian and European populations. Three risk factors for worsening due to COVID-19 were listed: male gender, advanced age (older than 60 years) and the presence of comorbidities, especially chronic ones. Such factors were predominant mainly in Italy, compared to China. Hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases are considered to be significant risk factors for COVID-19 and its worsening. Studies show that for both countries, being elderly and male increases the risk of contracting the disease in its most severe form. Further, more in-depth studies are needed regarding the harmful effects of chronic diseases as risk factors for COVID-19 infection.
References
Bordi L., Nicastri E., Scorzolini L., Caro A.D., Capobianchi M.R., Castilletti C. & Lalle E. (2020). Differential Diagnosis of Illness in Patients Under Investigation for the Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). (2020). Italy, February. Eurosurveillance. Feb 27; 25,(8). 2000170
Chen J., Qi, T., Liu L., Ling Y., Qian Z., Li, T. & Lu H. (2020).Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China.Journal of Infection. 80,(20). 1–6.
Guo Y.R., Cao Q.D., Hong Z.S., Tan Y.Y., Chen S.D., Jin H.J., Tan K.S. & Wang D.Y. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak – an update on the status.Military Medical Research. 7,(11). 1-10.
Law S., Leung A.W. & Xu C. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): From causes to preventions in Hong Kong. Int J Infect Dis.4,(94). 156–163.
Lippi G., Mattiuzzi C., Sanchis-Gomar F. & Henry,B.M. (2020). Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients dying from COVID-19 in Italy versus China. 11,(4). 1-9.
Lorenzo G.D. & Trolio R.D. (2020). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Italy: Analysis of Risk Factors and Proposed Remedial Measures. Front in Medicine. 7,(140).
Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde. (2020). Folha informativa – COVID-19 (doença causada pelo novo coronavírus). Acesso em 15 de abril, Disponível em: https://www.paho.org/bra/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6101:covid19&Itemid=875
Park M., Cook A.R., Yinxiaohe J.T. & Dickens B.L. (2020). A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Epidemiology Based on Current Evidence. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 9, (4), 967-73.
Porcheddu R. Serra C., Kelvin D., Kelvin N. & Rubino S. (2020). Similarity in Case Fatality Rates (CFR) of COVID-19/SARS-COV-2 in Italy and China.The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries.14, (2).1-4.
Remuzzi A. & Remuzzi G. (2020). Covid-19 and Italy: what next? The lancet. 11.(395), 1225-1228.
Rubino, S., Kelvin, N., Bermejo-Martin, J.F. & Kelvin, D.J. (2019). As COVID-19 cases, deaths and fatality rates surge in Italy, underlying causes require investigation. Infect DevCtries. 14,(3). 265-267.
Spiteri G., Fielding J., Diercke M., Campese C., Enouf, V., Gaymard A., Bella, A., Sognamiglio, P., Moros M.J.S. & Riutort A.N. (2020).First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020.Euro Surveill. 25,(9). 200- 178.
Stefanelli, P., Faggioni, G., Presti, A.L., Fiore, S., Marchi, A., Benedetti, E. & Lista, F. (2020). Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in Italy in January and February 2020: additional clues on multiple introductions and further circulation in Europe.(2020).Euro Surveill. 25,(13). 200-305
Wang R., Pan M., Zhang X., Han M., Han M., Fan X. & Shen L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical features of 125 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Fuyang, Anhui, China. Int J Infect Dis. Apr 11,(95). 421-428.
World Health Organization.(2020). SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome).Acessoem 15 de abril, Disponível em: https://www.who.int/ith/diseases/sars/en/
Wu C., Chen X., Cai., Y., Xia J., Zhou X., Xu S. & Song Y. (2020). Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patientes With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan China. JAMA Intern Med. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2763184
Yi Y., Lagniton P.N.P., Ye S., Li E. & Xu R.H. (2020). COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease. International Journal of Biological Sciences.16,(10). 1753-1766.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.