Scientific evidence on the prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation: integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.5104Keywords:
; Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated; Prevention & Control; Intensive Care Units; Nursing.Abstract
The objective was to analyze the scientific evidence in the literature about the prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. It is an integrative review type research. The search for the articles took place during the period from March / 2016, with a time frame from 2011 to 2015, and took place through the electronic bases of MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and IBECS, using Decs / Mesh: Ventilation-Associated Pneumonia as controlled descriptors. Mechanics, Prevention and Control, Intensive Care Units. Ten articles were selected and analyzed for the final sample, which met the inclusion criteria and answered the research question. After analysis, the results were presented in two categories: Importance and challenges of Control and Prevention Measures; and Description of the specific measures recommended for the prevention of VAP. Pneumonia associated with MV is one of the main diseases that affect the health of patients in intensive care. Thus, it is necessary that preventive measures and strategies are adopted by the professionals who make up the teams in the ICU sector, in order to reduce the high rates of pneumonia in this environment. In addition, it is necessary to develop further research, which will help in the development and implementation of new actions, which will lead to improvement in care, in relation to the topic addressed, as well as collaborating for quality and safety to the health of patients who need this care. .
References
Ajenjo MC, Zambrano A, Eugenin MI, Achurra P, Zalaquett R, Irarrázaval MJ & et al. (2013). Reducción de incidencia de neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica post cirugía cardíaca: experiencia de 13 años de vigilancia epidemiológica en un hospital universitario. Revista chilena de infectología, 30(2), 129-134. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0716-10182013000200002
Álvarez LF, Sánchez GM, Lorente L, Gordo F, Añón JM, Álvarez J & et al, Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva, & Sociedad Española de Enfermería Intensiva (2014). Guidelines for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia and their implementation. The Spanish "Zero-VAP" bundle. Medicina intensiva, 38(4), 226–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2013.12.007
Amaral SM, Cortês A & Pires, F. R. (2009). Nosocomial pneumonia: importance of the oral environment. Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia, 35(11), 1116–1124. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37132009001100010
Belenguer-Muncharaz A, Albert-Rodrigo L, Ferrandiz-Sellés A & Cebrián-Graullera G. (2013). Evolución de 10 años de aplicación de la ventilación mecánica en la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda del paciente hematológico ingresado en la unidad de cuidados intensivos [Ten-year evolution of mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory failure in the hematogical patient admitted to the intensive care unit]. Medicina intensiva, 37(7), 452–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2012.12.011
Bordignon RP, Schuh LX, Cremonese L, Merenhque CL, Fagundes PT & Barreto CN. (2020). Knowledge and practices of intensive care nurses in the control of nosocomial infection. Research, Society and Development, 9(7): 1-17, e327974094. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4094
Brasil. (2013). Ministério da Saúde. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa). Critérios diagnósticos de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde. 2ª ed. Brasília: Anvisa; (Segurança do Paciente e Qualidade em Serviços de Saúde).
Brasil. (2013b). Ministério da Saúde. Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. (Anvisa). Medidas de prevenção de infecção relacionada à assistência a saúde. Série: Segurança do paciente e qualidade em serviços de saúde. Brasília.
Calvo A, Mario, Delpiano M, Luis, Chacón V, Eliana, Jemenao P, M. Irene, Peña D, Anamaría, & Zambrano G, Alejandra. (2011). Actualización Consenso Neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica: Segunda parte. Prevención. Revista chilena de infectología, 28(4), 316-332. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0716-10182011000500003
Gonçalves FAF, Brasil VV, Minamisava R, Caixeta CR, Oliveira LMdeAC & Cordeiro JA. B. L. (2012). Eficácia de estratégias educativas para ações preventivas da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Escola Anna Nery, 16(4), 802-808. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1414-81452012000400023
Institute for Healthcare Improvement (2010). 5 million lives campaign. getting started kit: prevent ventilatorassociated pneumonia how-to guide. Cambridge, MA (US): Institute for Healthcare Improvement.
Jardim JM. (2011). Avaliação das práticas de prevenção e controle da infecção da corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter venoso central de curta permanência por meio de indicadores clínicos. 175f. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2011. Disponível em: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-21062011-151632/en.php
Labraña Y. (2014). Control de infecciones en neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica en recién nacidos. Revista chilena de infectología, 31(1), 102. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0716-10182014000100016
Llauradó M, Labeau S, Vandijck D, Rello J, Rosa A, Riera A, Gallart E, Moreno R, Vandewoude K, Piñer R, Benítez ML, Blot S, Investigadores del Estudio EVIDENCE, & Colaboradores del PROCORNEU (Programa Corporativo Neumonía CIBERES). (2011). Grado de conocimiento de las guías de prevención de la neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica de las enfermeras de cuidados intensivos del sur de Europa [Southern European intensive care nurses' knowledge of evidence-based guidelines for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia]. Medicina intensiva, 35(1), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2010.07.012
Martins HS, Brandão Neto RA, Scalabrini Neto A & Velasco IT. (2014). Emergências clínicas: abordagem prática. 9ª ed. São Paulo: Manole.
Mendes KDS, Silveira RCde CP & Galvão CM. (2008). Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem, 17(4), 758 -764. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S010407072008000400018
Munro CL, Grap MJ, Jones DJ, McClish DK & Sessler CN. (2009). Chlorhexidine, toothbrushing, and preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adults. American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 18(5), 428–438. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2009792
Pobo A, Lisboa T, Rodriguez A, Sole R, Magret M, Trefler S, Gómez F, Rello J & RASPALL Study Investigators (2009). A randomized trial of dental brushing for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest, 136(2), 433–439. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.09-0706
Rivero P, Brenner P & Nercelles P. (2014). Impacto del cobre en la reducción de infecciones intrahospitalarias, mortalidad y gasto en antimicrobianos en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivo de adultos. Revista chilena de infectología, 31(3), 274-279. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0716-10182014000300004
Sachetti A, Rech V, Dias AS, Fontana C, Barbosa GdaL & Schlichting D. (2014). Adesão às medidas de um bundle para prevenção de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 26(4), 355-359. https://dx.doi.org/10.5935/0103-507X.20140054
Scannapieco FA, Yu J, Raghavendran K & et al. (2009). A randomized trial of chlorhexidine gluconate on oral bacterial pathogens in mechanically ventilated patients. Crit Care 13, R117. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc7967
Souza AFde, Guimarães AC & Ferreira EFe. (2013). Evaluation of the implementation of new protocol of oral hygiene in an intensive care center for prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation. REME rev. min. Enferm, 17(1), 185-191. 10.5935/1415-2762.20130015
Vieira DF. (2009). Implantação de protocolo de prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica: impacto do cuidado não farmacológico [tese]. Porto Alegre: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.
Vilela MCN, Ferreira GZ, Santos PSdaS & Rezende NPMde. (2015). Oral care and nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review. Einstein (São Paulo), 13(2), 290-296. . https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082015RW2980
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.