Inflammatory pathways involved in adipose tissue hypertrophy and the effect of Acai (Euterpe oleracea Martius) on the modulation of this process: a review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.6813Keywords:
Inflammation; acai; chronic diseases; euterpe oleracea martiusAbstract
Adipose tissue plays an important role in chronic inflammation and the presence of bioactive compounds in food has been widely discussed as a means of prevention and treatment of various pathological conditions. The aim of this review is to promote an overview and elucidate pathways involved in the chronic inflammatory process triggered by adipose tissue hypertrophy and to discuss data related to the use of Acai in the modulation of inflammation. Initially, a narrative review was carried out on metabolic and molecular pathways involved in the process of subclinical chronic inflammation (NF-κB, AP-1, cross-talk between macrophages and adipocytes, increased LPS and Nrf2 pathway). Then, an integrative review was carried out on the effect of Acai in processes of chronic subclinical inflammation in humans. The database consulted was PubMed, in which the name of the fruit was crossed with the descriptors "inflammation" and "chronic diseases", prioritizing in vivo and in vitro studies related to the human species, carried out in the last ten years. It was observed that the immunomodulatory effects of Acai are increasingly clear, however, are not enough to classify the fruit as a tool in the treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases. To make possible more comprehensive inferences, it is necessary that future studies include assessment of the bioavailability of the bioactive compounds present, in addition to being performed using more suitable methods, with humans, containing sample size calculation, control group and placebo.
References
Akira, S.; Taga, T & Kishimoto, T. (1993). Interleukin-6 in biology and medicine. Advances in immunology. 54: 1-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60532-5.
Albertoni, G. & Schor, N. (2015). Resveratrol plays important role in protective mechanisms in renal disease-mini-review. Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia. 37(1): 106-114. https://doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.20150015.
Alqurashi, R. M. et al. (2016). Consumption of a flavonoid-rich ac¸ ai meal is associated with acute improvements in vascular function and a reduction in total oxidative status in healthy overweight men. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 104(5):1227-1235. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.128728.
Barbieri, A. F. & Mello R. A. (2012). As causas da obesidade: uma análise sob a perspectiva materialista histórica. Revista da Faculdade de Educação Física da UNICAMP. 10: 133-153. https://doi.org/10.20396/conex.v10i1.8637693.
Barbosa, P. O. et al. (2016). Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp dietary intake improves cellular antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers of serum in healthy women. Nutrition. 32(6): 674-680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.12.030.
Basho, S. M. & Bin, M. C. (2010). Propriedades dos alimentos funcionais e seu papel na prevenção e controle da hipertensão e diabetes. Interbio. 4(1): 48-58. https://docplayer.com.br/3691732-Propriedades-dos-alimentos-funcionais-e-seu-papel-na-prevencao-e-controle-da-hipertensao-e-diabetes.html
Bastos, D. H. M., Rogero, M. M. & Arêas, J. A. G. (2009). Mecanismos de ação de compostos bioativos dos alimentos no contexto de processos inflamatórios relacionados à obesidade. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia. 53(5): 646-656. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302009000500017.
Bezerra, A. P. M. & Oliveira, D. M. (2013). Metabolic syndrome: molecular basis and reasons for interaction with obesity. Demetra: Food, Nutrition and Health. 8(1): 63-91. https://doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2013.7989.
Bielemann, R. M. et al. (2015) Consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e impacto na dieta de adultos jovens. Revista de Saúde Pública. 49:28. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005572.
Caballero-Gutiérrez, L. & Gonzáles, G. F. (2016). Alimentos com efecto anti-inflamatorio. Acta Médica Peruana. 33(1): 50-64. http://www.scielo.org.pe/pdf/amp/v33n1/a09v33n1.pdf.
Cardoso, L. M., Leite, J. P. V. & Peluzio, M. C. G. (2011). Efeitos biológicos das antocianinas no processo aterosclerótico. Revista Colombiana de Ciências Químico Farmacêuticas. 40(1): 116-138. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rccqf/v40n1/v40n1a07.pdf.
Carvalho, M. H. C., Colaço, A. L. & Fortes, Z. B. (2006). Citocinas, disfunção endotelial e resistência à insulina. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia. 50(2): 304-312. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302006000200016.
Costa, J. V. & Duarte, J. S. (2006). Tecido adiposo e adipocinas. Acta Médica Portuguesa. 19(3): 251-256. http://files.dermatofuncional.webnode.com.br/200000176-9f931a08d1/adipocinas.pdf.
Costa, Z. G. et al. (2015). Estudo da estabilidade de antocianinas extraídas dos frutos de açaí (Euterpea oleracea Mart.). Blucher Chemical Engineering Proceedings. 1(3): 2177-2182. https://doi.org/10.5151/chemeng-cobeqic2015-365-33974-260982.
Dias, M. M. et al. (2015). Anti-inflammatory activity of polyphenolics from acai (Euterpe oleracea Martius) in intestinal myofibroblasts CCD-18Co cells. Food and function. 6(10): 3249-3256. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5FO00278H.
Esser, N., S. et al. (2014). Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 105(2): 141-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006.
Fan, X. et al. (2015). Trilobatin attenuates the LPS-mediated inflammatory response by Suppressing the NF-jB signaling pathway. Food chemistry. 166: 609-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.022.
Ford, C. T. et al. (2016). Identification of (poly)phenol treatments that modulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by human lymphocytes. The British Journal of Nutrition. 115(10): 1699-710. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516000805.
Geraldo, J.M. & Alfenas, R. C. G. (2008). Papel da dieta na prevenção e no controle da inflamação crônica – evidências. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia. 52(6):951-67. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302008000600006.
Godoy-Matos, A. F.et al. (2014). Adipocinas: uma visão geral dos seus efeitos metabólicos. Revista HUPE. 13: 54-60. doi:10.12957/rhupe.2014.9806.
Gomes, S.F. et al. (2016). What is the role of inflammatory mediators on energy metabolism?. Inflammation and Cell Signaling. doi: 10.14800/ics.1189.
Gottlieb, M. G. V., Morassutt, A. L. & Cruz, I. B. M. (2011). Transição epidemiológica, estresse oxidativo e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis sob uma perspectiva evolutiva. Scientia Medica. 21 (2): 68-80. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e7df/bdef27634c15f31ebfa0817098b9ab415942.pdf.
Grenha, A. I., F. et al. (2013). Obesidade e imunodepressão – factos e números. Arquivos de Medicina. 27(5): 192-202. http://www.scielo.mec.pt/pdf/am/v27n5/v27n5a02.pdf.
Kim, H., S. Y. et al. (2018). Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) beverage consumption improves biomarkers for inflammation but not glucose- or lipid-metabolism in individuals with metabolic syndrome in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Food and function. 20;9(6):3097-3103. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO00595H.
Leite, L. D. et al. (2009). Obesidade: uma doença inflamatória. 2(2): 85-95. https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/3995644/mod_resource/content/0/Debate%20obesidade%205%20inflamac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20.pdf.
Li, F. Y. et al. (2011). Cross-talk between adipose tissue and vasculature: role of adiponectin. Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England). 203: 167-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02216.x.
Lopes, T., M. F. et al. (2007). Antocianinas: uma breve revisão das características estruturais e da estabilidade. Revista Brasileira de Agrociência. 13(3): 291-297. http://www2.ufpel.edu.br/faem/agrociencia/v13n3/artigo02.pdf.
Ma, Q. (2013). Role of Nrf2 in oxidative stress and Toxicity. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 53: 401-426. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011112-140320.
Malta, D. C. et al. (2015). A vigilância e o monitoramento das principais doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil - Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia. 18(2):3-16. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500060002.
Markakis, P. (1982). Stability of Anthocyanins in foods. In: Markasis P. Anthocyanins in color foods. Academic Press. 163-180. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612011000300033.
Minighin, E. C. et al. (2020). Açai (Euterpe oleracea) e suas contribuições para alcance da ingestão diária aceitável de ácidos graxos essenciais. Research, Society and Development, 9(8):1-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6116.
Miranda, V. P. N. et al. (2014). Marcadores inflamatórios na avaliação nutricional: relação com parâmetros antropométricos, composição corporal e níveis de atividade física. RASBRAN - Revista da Associação Brasileira de Nutrição. 6: 61-72. https://www.rasbran.com.br/rasbran/article/view/165.
Nguyen, T., Nioi, P & Pickett, C. B. (2009). The Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway and its activation by oxidative stress. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 284(20): 13291-13295. doi: 10.1074/jbc.R900010200.
Oliboni, L., Casarin, J. N. & Chielle, E. O. (2016). Correlação entre a concentração sérica de IL-6 e biomarcadores de resistência insulínica em adultos jovens obesos. Clinical and Biomedical Research. 36(3): 148-155. https://seer.ufrgs.br/hcpa/article/view/65335.
Oliveira, A. G., Costa, M. C. D & Rocha, S. M. B. M. (2015). Benefícios Funcionais do Açaí na Prevenção de Doenças Cardiovasculares. Journal of Amazon Health Science. 1(1): 1-10.
Oliveira, D. M. D. & Bastos, D. H. M. (2011). Biodisponibilidade de ácidos fenólicos. Química Nova, 34(6): 1051-1056. http://producao.usp.br/handle/BDPI/12831.
Oliveira, M. L. M. & Nunes-Pinheiro, D. C. S. (2013). Biomarcadores celulares e moleculares envolvidos na resposta imune-inflamatória modulada por ácidos graxos insaturados. Acta Veterinaria Brasilica. 7(2): 113-124. https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2013.7.2.2999.
Omran, A. B. (2005). The epidemiological transition: a theory of the epidemiology of population change. The Milbank Quarterly. 83 (4): 731–57.
Pala, D. et al. (2017). Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) dietary intake affects plasma lipids, apolipoproteins, cholesteryl ester transfer to high-density lipoprotein and redox metabolism: A prospective study in women. Clinical Nutrition. 37(2):618-623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.02.001.
Pereira, I. S. et al. (2015). The consumption of acai pulp changes the concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in apparently healthy women. Nutricion Hospitalaria. 32(2): 931-945. doi:10.3305/nh.2015.32.2.9135.
Portinho, J. A., Zimmermann, L. M. & Bruck, M. R. (2012). Efeitos benéficos do Açaí. International Journal of Nutrology. 5(1): 15-20. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1701423.
Poulose, S. M. et al. (2012). Anthocyanin-rich açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit pulp fractions attenuate inflammatory stress signaling in mouse brain BV-2 microglial cells. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 60(4): 1084-1093. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf203989k.
Reginato, F. Z., Silva, A. R. H. & Bauermann, L. F. (2015). Avaliação do uso de flavonoides no tratamento da inflamação. Revista Cubana de Farmacia. 49(3): 569-582. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/revcubfar/rcf-2015/rcf153p.pdf.
Rêgo Júnior, N. O., L. G. et al. (2011). Compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante de extratos brutos de espécies vegetais da caatinga. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology. 14(1): 50-57. doi: 10.4260/BJFT2011140100007.
Rowe, C. A. et al. (2011). Regular consumption of concord grape juice benefits human immunity. Journal of Medicinal Food. 14(1-2):69-78. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2010.0055.
Sena, D. N. et al. (2015). Farinha de resíduos de processamento de frutas tropicais: determinação dos seus potenciais antioxidante. Blucher Chemical Engineering Proceedings. 1(2): 4856-4861. doi: 10.5151/chemeng-cobeq2014-1671-18131-183203.
Serra, D. et al. (2013). Cyanidin-3-Glucoside suppresses cytokine-induced inflammatory response in human intestinal cells: comparison with 5-aminosalicylic acid. Plos one 9(8): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073001.
Silva, J. V. F. et al. (2015). A relação entre o envelhecimento populacional e as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: sério desafio de saúde pública. Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde. 2(3): 91-100. https://periodicos.set.edu.br/index.php/fitsbiosaude/article/view/2079/1268.
Silveira, M. R. et al. (2009). Correlação entre obesidade, adipocinas e sistema imunológico. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropomometria e Desempenho Humano. 11(4): 466-472. https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/rbcdh/article/viewFile/1980-0037.2009v11n4p466/16524.
Silveira, P. P. et al. (2007). Developmental origins of health and diseases (DOHaD). Jornal de Pediatria. 83(6): 494-504. https://www.scielo.br/pdf/jped/v83n6/v83n6a04.pdf.
Soares, E. R. et al. (2015). Compostos bioativos em alimentos, estresse oxidativo e inflamação: uma visão molecular da nutrição. Revista Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto. 14(3): 64-72. https://doi.org/10.12957/rhupe.2015.19942.
Souza, E. B. (2010) Transição nutricional no Brasil: análise dos principais fatores. 2010. Cadernos UniFOA. 13: 49-53. http://web.unifoa.edu.br/cadernos/edicao/13/49.pdf.
Souza, M. O. et al. (2010). Diet supplementation with acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp improves biomarkers of oxidative stress and the serum lipid profile in rats. Nutrition. 26(7): 804-810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2009.09.007.
Stull, A. J. et al. (2010). Bioactives in blueberries improve insulin sensitivity in obese, insulin-resistant men and women. Journal of Nutrition. 140 (10):1764-8. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.125336.
Tomé-Carneiro, J. et al. (2012). One-year consumption of a grape nutraceutical containing resveratrol improves the inflammatory and fibrinolytic status of patients in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The American Journal of cardiology. 110 (3): 356-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.03.030.
Udani, J. K. et al. (2011). Effects of Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) berry preparation on metabolic parameters in a healthy overweight population: a pilot study. Nutrition Journal. 10(45):1-7. http://www.nutritionj.com/content/10/1/45.
Valente, M. A. S. et al. (2014). Nutrigenômica/nutrigenética na elucidação das doenças crônicas. HU Revista. 40(3): 239-248. https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/2479.
Vizzoto, M. (2012). Propriedades funcionais das pequenas frutas. Informe Agropecuário. 33(268): 84-88. https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/69753/1/Marcia-Vizzotto-p84-88.pdf.
Wensveen, F. M.S. et al. (2015). The “Big Bang” in obese fat: events initiating obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation. Europian Journal of Immunology. 45(9):2446-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201545502.
Weseler, A. R. et al. (2011). Pleiotropic benefit of monomeric and oligomeric flavanols on vascular health--a randomized controlled clinical pilot study. Plos One. 6(12):e28460.
Wood, I. S. et al. (2009). Cellular hypoxia and adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. The Proceedings of Nutrition Society. 68(4): 370-377. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665109990206.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Tamires Cássia de Melo Souza, Gabriel Vitor de Melo Souza, Ana Carolina Pinheiro Volp
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
