Food consumption and anxiety among the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9905Keywords:
Feeding behavior; Anxiety; Pandemic; COVID-19; Food consumption.Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the eating pattern during the period of social distance as well as the anxiety caused by this new scenario. For data collection, a questionnaire with sociodemographic data was applied; symptoms; contact history with COVID-19; changes in eating habits and physical activity; food consumption; and anxiety symptoms. The sample consisted of 1000 questionnaires, the majority (54.7%) are eutrophic and anxious (84%). Regarding eating habits, 79.1% stated changes in consumption and preparation of meals. Daily food consumption of healthy foods was higher for whole foods, fruits and beans. In addition, there was a statistical difference in the relationship between anxiety and food consumption, with anxious people who consumed the most unhealthy foods. Although the level of anxiety in the sample was worrying, isolation made it possible to prepare and carry out meals at home, increasing the consumption of healthy foods.
References
Arbués, E. R., Abadía, B. M., López, J. M. G., Serrano, E. E., García, B. P., Vela, R. J., Portilho, S. G., & Guinoa, M. S. (2019). Eating behavior and its relationship with stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia in university students. Nutr Hosp., 36(6), 1339–45. doi: 10.20960/nh.02641.
American Psychiatric Association (2014). Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais: DSM-5 (5a ed.), Artmed, 992. http://www.clinicajorgejaber.com.br/2015/estudo _supervisionado/dsm.pdf
Bava, C. M., Jaeger, S. R., Park, J. (2008). Constraints upon food provisioning practices in “busy” women’s lives: Trade-offs which demand convenience. Appetite, 50(2–3), 486–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.10.005
Baskin, R., Hill, B., Jacka, F. N., O’Neil, A., & Skouteris, H. (2015). The association between diet quality and mental health during the perinatal period. A systematic review. Appetite. 91, 41–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.017
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet, 395(10227):912–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Carvalho, P. H. B., Filgueiras, J. F., Neves, C. M., Coelho, F. D., & Ferreira, M. E. C. (2013). Checagem corporal, atitude alimentar inadequada e insatisfação com a imagem corporal de jovens universitários. J Bras Psiquiatr., 62(2), 108–14. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852013000200003
Clifton, P. M., & Keogh, J. B. (2017). A systematic review of the effect of dietary saturated and polyunsaturated fat on heart disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis., 27(12), 1060–80. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.010
Grootveld, M., Percival, B C., Leenders, J., & Wilson, P. B. (2020). Potential adverse public health effects afforded by the ingestion of dietary lipid oxidation product toxins: Significance of fried food sources. Nutrients, 12(4). doi: 10.3390/nu12040974.
Jiménez-Pavón, D., Carbonell-Baeza, A., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 63(3), 386. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.009.
Klotz-Silva, J., Prado, S. D., & Seixas, C. M. (2017). A força do “hábito alimentar”: Referências conceituais para o campo da Alimentação e Nutrição. Physis. 27(4), 1065–85. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312017000400011
Lai, J. S., Hiles, S., Bisquera, A., Hure, A. J., McEvoy, M., & Attia, J. (2014). A systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary patterns and depression in community-dwelling adults. Am J Clin Nutr., 99(1), 181–97. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.069880
Lima, R. M. S., Bento, L. V. S., Lugon, M. M. V., Barauna, V. G., Bittencourt, A. S., Dalmaz, C., & Bittencourt, A. P. S. V. (2020). Early life stress and the programming of eating behavior and anxiety: Sex-specific relationships with serotonergic activity and hypothalamic neuropeptides. Behav Brain Res., 379. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112399.
Magalhães, B. C., Cabral, N. A. L., Castro, E. E. C., Oliveira, A. T. V., Gomes, R. S., & Campos, G. (2016). Consumo de fibras alimentares entre indivíduos adultos em um supermercado de São Luís, Maranhão. Rev Pesq Saúde, 17(3), 137–40. http://www.periodicoseletronicos.ufma.br/index.php/revistahuufma/article/viewFile/6787/4327
Martins, A. P. B. (2018). Obesity must be treated as a public health issue. Rev Adm Empres. 58(3), 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020180312
Marx, W., Moseley, G., Berk, M., & Jacka, F (2017). Nutritional psychiatry: The present state of the evidence. Proc Nutr Soc., 76(4):427–36. doi: 10.1017/S0029665117002026.
Ministério da Saúde. (2014). Guia Alimentar Para A População Brasileira. Brasília-DF; p. 158. http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/guia_alimentar_populacao_brasileira_2ed.pdf
Moore, J. B., & Fielding, B. A. (2016). Sugar and metabolic health: Is there still a debate? Curr. Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 19(4), 303–9. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000289.
Nolan, L. J., Jenkins, S. M. (2019). Food Addiction Is Associated with Irrational Beliefs via Trait Anxiety and Emotional Eating. Nutrients, 11(8), 1711. doi: 10.3390/nu11081711
O’Neil, A., Quirk, S. E., Housden, S., Brennan, S. L., Williams, L. J., Pasco, J. A., Berk, M., Jacka, F. N. (2014). Relationship between diet and mental health in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Am J Public Health. 104(10), e31–42. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302110.
Owen, N., Sparling, P. B., Healy, G. N., Dunstan, D. W., Matthews, C. E. (2010). Sedentary behavior: Emerging evidence for a new health risk. Mayo Clin Proc., 85(12), 1138–41. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0444
Reyes, N. A, Fermann, I. L. (2017). Eficácia da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental no Transtorno de Ansiedade Generalizada. Rev Bras Ter Cogn.,13(1):49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1808-5687.20170008
Rodrigues, A. G. M., Proença, R. P. C., Calvo, M. C. M., Fiates, G. M. R. (2013). Profile of the rice and beans food option when eating away from home at a buffet-by-weight restaurant. Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 18(2),335–46. doi: 10.1590/s1413-81232013000200005.
Siwik, V. P., Senf, J. H. (2006). Food Cravings, Ethnicity and Other Factors Related to Eating Out. J Am Coll Nutr., 25(5). 382–8. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719549.
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Arch Intern Med., 66(10), 1092–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16717171/
Srour, B., Fezeu, L. K., Kesse-Guyot, E., Allès, B.; Méjean, C., Andrianasolo, R M., Chazelas, E., Deschasaux , M., Hercberg, S., Galan, P., Monteiro, C. A., Julia, C.,Touvier, M. (2019). Ultra-processed food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: Prospective cohort study (NutriNet-Santé). BMJ., 365.
Van, D. H. K., Brunner, T. A., Siegrist, M. (2011). Fast food and take-away food consumption are associated with different lifestyle characteristics. J Hum Nutr Diet., 24(6), 596–602. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01206.x
Vaz, D. S. S., & Bennemann, R. M. (2014). Comportamento alimentar e hábito alimentar: Uma Revisão. Rev. UNINGÁ, 20(1), 108–12. https://www.mastereditora.com.br/periodi co/20141001_083919.pdf
VIGITEL. (2019). Estimativas sobre frequência e distribuição sociodemográfica de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros. Brasília-DF: Ministério da Saúde; 2019. http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/vigitel_brasil_2018
Wilkinson, L. L., Rowe, A. C., Robinson, E., Hardman, C A. (2018). Explaining the relationship between attachment anxiety, eating behaviour and BMI. Appetite, 127,214–22. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.04.029.
WHO, World Health Organization. (2020). Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) advice for the public, 2020. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
Zelber-Sagi, S., Ivancovsky-Wajcman, D., Fliss Isakov, N., Webb, M., Orenstein, D., Shibolet, O e Kariv, R (2018). High red and processed meat consumption is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. J Hepatol., 68(6), 1239–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.015
Zhang, J., Wu, W., Zhao, X., & Zhang, W. (2020). Recommended psychological crisis intervention response to the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China: a model of West China Hospital. Precis Clin Med., 3(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa006
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Dayanne da Costa Maynard; Heriberto Alves dos Anjos; Ana Carolina das Virgens Magalhães; Lorrana Nascimento Guimes; Maycon George Oliveira Costa; Rosiene Batista Santos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
