Research, Society and Development

Area as a geometric magnitude: A study in 6th grade Elementary Education using the geometry software Apprenti Géomètre 2

Juan Francisco de Lima e Silva — 2024-11-14

Understanding the concept of area enables citizens to develop essential skills for practical applications, facilitating planning and informed decision-making in everyday situations, such as calculating the amount of tile needed to cover a bathroom floor or the amount of paint to cover a wall. However, research in mathematics education and learning performance assessments indicate that elementary and high school students face difficulties in grasping this concept. In light of this, the objective of this study is to analyze the procedures and strategies used by 6th-grade elementary students when solving a task that involves comparing the area of flat shapes. This activity was conducted with the support of the geometry software Apprenti Géomètre 2 (AG2). Based on the findings, the study aims to diagnose the main difficulties students encounter with the concept of area and evaluate the impact of this tool on problem-solving related to the topic. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative study was conducted with eight 6th-grade students from a public school in the state of Pernambuco. The results indicated that, although AG2 facilitated the use of strategies such as decomposition, recomposition, superposition, rotation, translation, and reflection to compare areas—allowing students, in some cases, to arrive at correct answers—difficulties in understanding the concept of area persist. It was observed that students struggle to understand that two shapes can have the same area regardless of whether one can be decomposed and recomposed to be compared by superposition.

Probability teaching in the training of Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Dirson Maciel de Barros (FADIMAB) pedagogues

Josailton Fernando da Silva — 2024-11-23

This article deals with a study that aimed to investigate the knowledge about the probability of a group of 45 students from the FADIMAB pedagogy course. A social survey was carried out and data collection took place through the application of a questionnaire with 12 structured questions (YES and No), aiming to characterize knowledge about probability in the undergraduate course in Pedagogy, offered by FADIMAB located in Goiana in Zona da Mata Norte. The data collected revealed the need to include disciplines and proposals that promote the study of concepts of probability combined with didactic-pedagogical training in the Pedagogy curriculum. Therefore, the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) positions probability as one of the themes to be explored in the teachng of Mathematics throughout basic education, from the early years to high school. This ensures that students gradually become familiar with probabilistic concepts according to their age and level of cognitive development. It addresses probability within the area of Mathematics, providing guidelines for its teaching. It should be noted that it is urgent and essential to develop, with future teachers, a continuing training program on this topic.

Abusive use of electronic cigarettes among healthcare students at a university in Paraná

Maria Eduarda Capiche Gragel — 2024-11-04

Introduction: The sale, import and promotion of electronic smoking devices have been prohibited in Brazil since 2009. ANVISA recognizes that electronic smoking devices are classified as tobacco products, covered by the National Anti-Smoking Law. In Brazil, around 220,000 deaths per year are related to tobacco use, according to data from Fiocruz. However, the increased use of these devices may result in similar health consequences, especially when used excessively. Methodology: This research evaluated the incidence of electronic cigarette use among health students at Universidade Paranaense – Cascavel campus. This is a cross-sectional and original study, through the application of a questionnaire regarding the use of electronic cigarettes and adverse effects reported by students. The objective of the present study is to present the results of a survey on the abusive use of electronic cigarettes among university students in the health area. Results: 304 students participated in this research, and 82.9% were female. Of the data obtained, 73.4% (FA: 223) of the students claimed that they had already used electronic cigarettes, and of these, more than 60% were between 18 and 24 years old. Conclusion: There is a significant increase in the abusive use of electronic cigarettes among the young population.

Association between positive social interaction and quality of life of elderly people in the community

Marcial Alexandre Pereira da Silva — 2024-11-03

Introduction: The aging population in Brazil has been occurring rapidly. Therefore, a deep reflection on social interaction and the quality of life of elderly people is essential. Objectives: To identify the sociodemographic, family, and health characteristics of elderly people and correlate positive social interaction with quality of life domains. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study. The study included 301 elderly people living in a city in southern Minas Gerais. The inclusion criterion was elderly individuals with preserved cognitive ability, assessed by a mental evaluation questionnaire. The exclusion criterion was elderly people with compromised clinical signs. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, with frequency and percentage applied to qualitative or categorical variables. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for correlations. A 5% error was adopted for statistical significance with a 95% confidence level. Results: Regarding the sociodemographic, family, and health characteristics of the elderly: 45.18% were between 70-79 years old, 54.16% were male, 64.11% received 1 to 2 minimum wages, 73.76% did not report falls in the last month, 69.77% used polypharmacy, and 52.83% had comorbidities. As for Pearson’s linear correlation, a p-value of < 0.001 was obtained for positive social interaction versus quality of life in all domains. Conclusion: It is evident that elderly people who have established positive social interaction consequently show better quality of life in all domains.

Correlation between diet and neurodevelopment in infants with congenital syphilis in Northeastern Brazil

Victoria Santos Moura — 2024-11-01

The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of diet and its correlation with the psychomotor development of infants with congenital syphilis at Santa Isabel Hospital and Maternity in Aracaju, SE. This topic is of public health interest due to the increasing number of cases of the disease in northeastern Brazil and the lack of available information on the subject. For the study, data were collected from children aged 0 to 2 years diagnosed with congenital syphilis, accompanied by their guardians. The research process involved interviews with parents regarding the child’s habits and the application of the Denver II Test. A correlation was then established between diet and patient development, highlighting the importance of further studies on this subject, considering the numerous factors that can influence growth and the acquisition of new skills in children. Additionally, the study emphasized the need for direct intervention in risk factors to prevent the sequelae of the disease in this population.

Digital workflows for anchoring implants in the zygomatic bone

Cibele Maria Barbosa Almeida Melo — 2024-11-03

This study aims to conduct a literature review on digital workflows in the anchoring of implants in the zygomatic bone, focusing on digital planning, and to demonstrate how these technologies influence the increase in safety and predictability of the procedure. A bibliographic survey was conducted in the PubMed database, using the following descriptors in English: “dental implants” AND “zygoma” AND “bone resorption” AND “digital health”. The inclusion criteria were studies with a relevant approach to the proposed theme; while the exclusion criteria were course completion papers, articles on animals, literature reviews and articles that were not in line with the theme addressed. The study concludes that the application of digital workflows in the planning of oral rehabilitation with zygomatic implants offers significant improvements in safety and accuracy. However, the effectiveness of these technologies depends on the professional's learning curve, without excluding the importance of the surgeon's experience and skills.

Clinical management of terminal Kennedy ulcer: literature review

Fernanda Moura Sá de Sousa — 2024-11-02

Objective: To develop a clinical guide for the management of Kennedy Terminal Ulcer (KTU) based on a critical analysis of the scientific literature. Methodology: Integrative literature review, guided by the question "How is the clinical management of KTU performed?" The databases used were PubMed, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), BDENF (Nursing-specific database), and SciELO. The inclusion criteria adopted were: full articles on the subject available in Portuguese, Spanish, and English. Results and discussion: Among 30 studies found, 16 were analyzed, in which KTU was identified as a rapidly progressing wound, different from a pressure ulcer, that advances in staging within a few hours or days, often leading to death. Thus, the clinical management found in the literature was palliative wound care, focusing on symptom management such as pain, odor, excessive exudate, and bleeding, without aiming for wound healing. This management should reduce suffering and improve the patient's quality of life. It is worth noting that, regardless of the patient's clinical situation, the prevention of injuries must be maintained. Conclusion: The study preliminarily concluded that the scarcity of content on the subject still leads to a lack of knowledge among professionals regarding management; therefore, this study may provide guidance on the correct diagnoses and clinical management of patients with Kennedy Terminal Ulcer.

Importance of self-perception in relation to periodontal diseases

Guilherme Burjack Ribeiro Rocha — 2024-11-09

Oral health conditions are a factor that greatly interferes with the quality of life of individuals. Periodontal disease is caused by the interaction of periodontopathogenic microorganisms and abnormal immune responses in the gingival and periodontal tissues. Most adults have some manifestation of periodontal disease, which begins with gingivitis and can progress to periodontitis and eventual tooth loss. These consequences impact the quality of life of individuals in all dimensions, whether physical, functional, nutritional, or even psychosocial. The objective of this research was to assess, through a narrative review, the importance of patients' self-perception regarding their periodontal condition and to demonstrate the importance of guidance regarding oral health as a means of preventing and treating periodontal diseases. Scientific articles relevant to the proposed topic were analyzed on the Google Scholar, Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo), and PubMed platforms. The articles were screened by reading the title and abstract. The inclusion criteria were mostly national and international scientific articles using the following descriptors: “Periodontal disease”, “Oral health”, “Self-perception”. The selected studies met the criteria of complete publication and free access; incomplete or outdated studies were excluded. It is concluded that despite the high rates of periodontal diseases, many individuals do not have adequate knowledge about their periodontal condition. It is suggested that educational methods on oral health and the primary symptoms of periodontal disease be implemented using clearer and more explanatory methods.

The effectiveness of frenotomy in breastfeeding babies with ankyloglossia

Maria Teresa Martins Melo — 2024-11-02

Objective: This article seeks to validate the importance of obtaining correct diagnoses of ankyloglossia and to highlight the effectiveness of the frenotomy procedure in breastfeeding newborns with ankyloglossia, emphasizing the significance of breastfeeding and the negative impacts of "tongue-tie" in cases where the defect is neglected. Methodology: This is a qualitative, descriptive, and review study, referring to an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of frenotomy in the breastfeeding of babies with ankyloglossia. Data were collected from the PubMed and Scielo platforms, using the following English descriptors: “Ankyloglossia,” “Oral Frenectomy,” and “Newborn.” The inclusion criteria adopted were articles from the last 5 years, with a direct focus on the topic. Articles that were private, incomplete, literature reviews, or not within the established time frame were excluded.Results: Ten articles obtained after applying the exclusion criteria were listed in table format. Overall, the authors advocate for the performance of the frenotomy procedure when correctly indicated to improve breastfeeding. Final Considerations: Frenotomy is a fundamental procedure for improving the condition of babies with ankyloglossia concerning breastfeeding and swallowing, and it should always be preceded by a correct diagnosis to confirm that the intervention is the appropriate treatment for each specific case.

The importance of non-motor symptoms in the approach to Parkinson's Disease

Isabelly Barra Ottoni — 2024-11-02

Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition which, in addition to the classic motor symptoms, presents various non-motor symptoms, such as sleep disorders, autonomic dysfunctions and neuropsychiatric alterations. These symptoms can precede motor symptoms and have a major impact on patients' quality of life, but they are often underdiagnosed. Objective: The aim of this study was to review contemporary and multidisciplinary approaches to non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, highlighting the main points and scientific gaps. Materials and Methods: This is a narrative review of the literature on the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The PICO strategy was used to develop the guiding question. In addition, the descriptors “Parkinson's Disease”; “Complications”; “Propaedeutics” were cross-referenced in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Ebscohost, Google Scholar and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. Results and Discussion: The studies show that the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease present a varied spectrum of manifestations, ranging from sleep disorders to those related to the sensory system. Conclusion: The non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease play a central role in the progression of the disease and the impact on patients' quality of life. These symptoms result from neurodegeneration in various areas of the central and peripheral nervous system, highlighting the complexity of the disease. Thus, the recognition and effective management of non-motor symptoms are fundamental to improving prognosis.

Off label use of psychoactives by university students: Social, academic motivations and clinical. aspects

Victor Tavares de Oliveira — 2024-11-04

Nootropics are drugs that belong to the class of natural or synthetic substances used to improve cognitive functions. They are used to treat memory problems, Attention Deficit Disorders and Alzheimer's. For various reasons, there has been a significant increase in people using these medications off-label. The main objective of the study was to map side effects and reveal social and academic impacts, by reported prevalence, of off-label use of nootropics and to outline the sociodemographic profile of this population. This is a quantitative-qualitative study using multimethods approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The collected data was analyzed and presented in statistical models and content analysis. The research had the participation of 299 university students, the majority of whom were female; white race and health sciences students. The results indicate that 29.4% of participants use nootropics, associated with academic life, with the aim of improving concentration. Of those who use medication, 91.03% report experiencing side effects such as anxiety, insomnia, dry mouth and tremors and do not express consistent positive effects in relation to academic improvement. The evidence indicates the need for greater attention, psychosocial and pedagogical support for young university students in the academic space and the implementation of projects and programs that present strategies for information and dissemination of the possible side effects of this practice.

Parasitological analysis of Lactuca sativa from self-service restaurants in a city in the Northwestern region of Paraná

Fernanda Borges Garcia — 2024-11-05

Lactuca sativa is the most commonly used vegetable in human diets, primarily consumed in salads.The consumption of Lactuca sativa may pose risks to human health due to the likelihood of transmission of intestinal parasites. However, the hygienic and sanitary conditions of leafy greens, such as lettuce from restaurants, have been little studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate parasitic contamination in lettuce from self-service restaurants randomly located on streets and in shopping centers in the municipality of Maringá, Paraná. The research conducted was a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study, carried out between April and May 2024. A total of 44 samples were analyzed, and the positivity rate was 34.09%. Parasitological contamination was higher in samples from street restaurants, with 10 contaminated samples (22.72%), compared to the percentage found in lettuce from shopping center restaurants, with 5 contaminated samples (11.36%). In street restaurants, 18.18% of the samples showed Endolimax nana and 9.09% Giardia lamblia. In shopping center restaurants, E. nana was found in 11.36% of the samples. The presence of protozoan cysts in lettuce indicates that contamination of humans through the consumption of the vegetable is possible. To prevent such infections, hygiene measures for food handlers should be implemented.

Perception of symptoms of hyposalivation in patients taking chronic medications

Yan Victor Silva de Santana — 2024-11-09

Objective: To evaluate the perception of hyposalivation symptoms and their consequences in the oral cavity among adults and elderly individuals using chronic medications. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study of a qualitative and quantitative nature was conducted with 15 adults over 20 years old of both genders at the Stomatology Clinic of the Federal University of Pernambuco. The stimulated sialometry test was used to measure saliva production. The Xerostomy Inventory questionnaire was used to assess xerostomia. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively. Results: The majority of the sample consisted of women over 41 years old. The most commonly used medications were antidepressants and antihypertensives. In the stimulated sialometry test, only 6.67% of participants had normal saliva production, with only one person presenting normal levels. Mild hyposalivation was found in 6.67%, moderate in 26.67%, and severe in 60%. Few respondents perceived a decrease in saliva production. Conclusion: The use of polypharmacy can lead to hyposalivation, which is associated with disturbances in the stomatognathic system. Xerostomia may not be identified early by patients, complicating adequate treatment.

The benefits of skin-to-skin contact in the postpartum period

Rayane Cristina Cardoso da Silva — 2024-11-07

Skin-to-Skin Contact (SSC) has emerged as a crucial practice for improving neonatal care. In this context, the aim of this study is to explore, through an integrative review, the benefits of skin-to-skin contact for both the health of the Newborn (NB) and the health of the mother in the postpartum period. Using the PICO strategy, articles were searched in the Google Scholar, BVS, SciELO, and PubMed databases, with descriptors such as "Postpartum period" and "Kangaroo method." Studies from the past eight years, in English and Portuguese, that clearly addressed the topic and were freely available were included. In the end, 21 articles were selected and analyzed. The results show that SSC offers various benefits for the mother-baby dyad, such as: facilitating the initiation and maintenance of breastfeeding; greater weight gain compared to controls in preterm newborns; better regulation of vital signs and sensory and emotional development of the newborn; reduction in the risk of neonatal infection, mortality, and length of stay in neonatal ICUs; strengthening of the emotional bonds between mother and child; for the mother, there is postpartum pain relief, a lower risk of postpartum hemorrhage and depression, as well as increased breast milk production. Therefore, it is clear that SSC is indispensable for the well-being of both the newborn and the mother. The implementation of this practice should be encouraged and ensured in hospital settings to maximize its positive effects.

Epidemiology of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in Brazil: An integrative review

Eduardo Kisner — 2024-11-06

Introduction: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is defined as the sudden, unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently healthy baby less than one year of age. It is the main cause of post-neonatal mortality in the first year in developed countries, however, in Brazil, the syndrome is underdiagnosed and poorly documented. Objective: To identify in the literature the socio-epidemiological, behavioral and environmental characteristics of SIDS in Brazil. Methodology: This is an integrative review collected through the PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases. Results: 53 articles were identified, 15 of which comprised this review. Ten studies analyzed the number of probable SIDS cases, six were carried out in Rio Grande do Sul, two in Ribeirão-Preto (SP), one in Belo Horizonte (MG) and one in the Federal District. Five studies were also found that addressed the prevalence of risk factors associated with SIDS and mothers' knowledge about safe sleeping habits. No studies were found that investigated socio epidemiological data regarding the syndrome in the north and northeast regions. Conclusion: Brazilian studies reported the presence of risk factors similar to those described in the world literature, such as prone position, bed rest, male sex and maternal smoking. It is necessary to carry out more campaigns to raise awareness among the general and medical communities of the importance of preventive measures in reducing deaths. In parallel, implement research protocols to reduce the underdiagnosis of this syndrome.

Diagnosis of potentially malignant oral disorders and their clinicopathological correlations: Clinical manual

Jair Alexandre Batista — 2024-11-19

Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders (POMD) are clinical conditions that present a high risk of transformation into oral cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to develop a manual that will enable the clinical diagnosis of potentially malignant oral disorders (DOPM) and their clinicopathological correlations, highlighting the main aspects that help in the early identification and adequate treatment of these conditions. Documentary research was carried out using an indirect, descriptive source, qualitative, and narrative literature review type. One way to prevent this is early diagnosis of the injury, and with it the necessary management is possible, once diagnosed early on, progression is prevented. Oral cancer, whose incidence has increased globally, has smoking, alcohol consumption, and viral infections as risk factors. The DOPM with malignant potential mentioned in this study are: Leukoplakia, Erythroplasia, Lichen planus, Submucous Fibrosis, and Actinic Cheilitis, all of which have cellular changes that can progress to malignancy.

Interrelationship between diabetes and periodontal disease: A literature review

Isabella Leal Silva — 2024-11-10

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder described by chronic hyperglycemia. A decreased production of insulin. In diabetes there are changes in the metabolism of lipids and proteins. There are two main types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, with several less common secondary types. Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases, which can lead to tooth loss due to the gradual destruction of the connective tissue around the teeth. It occurs mainly in adults and its incidence increases with age. It is an inflammation that spreads and causes tissue destruction and alveolar bone resorption. Objective: This study aims to carry out a literature review in order to elucidate the interrelationship between diabetics and periodontal disease. Methodology: This work consists of a literature review. Results: The findings demonstrate the intricate connection between diabetes and periodontal disease, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. There is general agreement that optimizing communication between professionals and implementing integrated care strategies can not only improve patients' health outcomes, but also decrease the costs associated with treating these interconnected conditions. Conclusion: The review confirmed the strong interrelationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease, with both negatively influencing each other's progression. Integration between medical and dental care is essential to improve patients' glycemic control and periodontal health, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach to treatment.

Nutritional status of children under 2 years of age in the municipality of Mossoró, state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN)

Ana Paula Ferreira de Almeida — 2024-11-02

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of children under two years of age in the municipality of Mossoró-RN, using data provided by the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN). The analysis revealed an increase in the number of children assessed, with a worrying trend of overweight and obesity, especially in 2022 and 2023, and a reduction in appropriate height for age. It was observed that, although most children presented a eutrophic state in body mass index (BMI), the prevalence of overweight and obesity is on the rise, reflecting a significant public health problem. The research highlights the importance of interventions in Primary Health Care and the promotion of healthy eating habits from childhood, as well as the need for effective public policies to address the nutritional challenges identified.

Fish Consumption in the State of São Paulo – main species consumed and consumer socioeconomic profile

Jéssica Levy — 2024-11-14

A diet that includes frequent and varied fish and seafood can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and helps with neurological development and mental issues. In this context, it is important to obtain answers regarding the factors associated with consumption, but also the factors that can lead to an increase in fish consumption in certain regions and the obstacles that can be faced to solve these difficulties. Objective: This research assessed the profile of fish and seafood consumption and consumers in the State of São Paulo, as well as determining the main fish species consumed. Methods: This market study was carried out using an online questionnaire on fish consumption consisting of 23 questions, including a Free and Informed Consent Form agreeing to participate in the research. Results: 1,947 responses were obtained for the market study on fish consumption in the State of São Paulo. Of the volunteers who responded to the online questionnaire, 62% were female, with the predominant age group being 40 to 59 years old (43%). The species indicated as the most consumed were tilapia, salmon, hake, tuna, sardines, dogfish, cod and shrimp. Conclusion: This survey indicates that in the State of São Paulo there is low consumption and low frequency of fish consumption. The most purchased form of preservation was frozen fish in the form of fillets, with price still being a limiting factor for consumption.

Mast cell tumor in a Golden Retriever dog – case report

Daniele Lira Cedro Mattana — 2024-11-02

Mast cell tumors are the most common malignant neoplasms in dogs, with variable biological behavior, demonstrating great relevance in small animal medicine and veterinary oncology due to their high prevalence and variable clinical evolution. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical case of a Golden Retriever canine, which presented an increase in volume in the facial region, resulting in the diagnosis of mastocyma; highlighting the etiology, pathophysiology, epidemiological aspects, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the disease. The cytological examination by FNA (fine needle aspiration) revealed a diagnosis of cutaneous mast cell tumor; where surgery was indicated to excise the neoplastic change, the submandibular lymph node, sending the material for histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry to obtain a prognostic marker that revealed cutaneous mast cell tumor, Grade II, Low grade. The patient was treated with antihistamines, famotidine, clinical monitoring and no chemotherapy protocol was necessary; since low-grade cutaneous mast cell tumors tend to behave better and local therapy may be curative.

Closure of residual buccosinusal communication in a patient with cleft lip and palate - case report

Daiane Dalazen — 2024-11-15

Orofacial clefts are common congenital defects affecting the structure of the lip and/or palate, leading to significant impacts on health, quality of life, and socioeconomic well-being of affected individuals and their families. Among craniofacial malformations, cleft lip and palate are the most prevalent, with surgical treatment typically initiated in the first months of life and potentially extending into adulthood. However, despite surgical interventions, some patients may develop residual oronasal fistulas of varying sizes. Although multiple approaches are available for closing these fistulas, the palatal flap rotation technique remains underexplored in this context within the literature, despite its extensive application in the closure of post-extraction fistulas. This study presents a case report in which a patient with a cleft lip and palate underwent late-stage closure of an oronasal fistula, utilizing leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) as an adjunct, aiming to enhance soft tissue healing. Although the technique used did not achieve complete closure of the oronasal fistula, this case report contributes to the understanding of the limitations and potential of combining L-PRF with the palatal flap. Further studies are needed to refine this approach for patients with cleft lip and palate and residual fistulas.

Impact of intestinal resection on the quality of life of women with endometriosis: An integrative review

Yslla Silva Argolo — 2024-11-07

Introduction: Endometriosis, especially in its deep infiltrative form, is a chronic disease that negatively affects women's quality of life, causing debilitating symptoms and impacting various personal spheres. Among the most serious manifestations, deep intestinal endometriosis requires, in some cases, intestinal resection surgery, an approach that can relieve symptoms but also entail significant complications. Objective: To investigate the quality of life of women with intestinal endometriosis who underwent intestinal resection surgery. Methodology: This is an integrative review, with a search carried out from July to October 2024, in the PUBMED, Scielo, and Lilacs databases, using the descriptors: “quality of life” and “endometriosis”. Initially, we had 1,532 publications. Next, 130 were selected by titles and abstracts, and 47 after reading in full. Results: Bowel resection for endometriosis is feasible and effective in improving gastrointestinal and gynecological symptoms and patients' quality of life, with low long-term complication and recurrence rates. Comparative studies suggest that the laparoscopic approach is a favorable option over open surgery, offering fewer complications and better fertility outcomes, especially for advanced-stage endometriosis. These data reinforce the need for detailed preoperative planning and comprehensive counseling since the quality-of-life assessment can serve as a complementary index in the indication and success of treatments for endometriosis. Conclusion: Intestinal resection offered significant improvements in the quality of life of women with intestinal endometriosis.

Retrospective study of the relationship between Gleason Score and Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) initial in the presence of metastases

Igor de Alencar Veríssimo — 2024-11-01

Prostate cancer primarily metastasizes to the bones, resulting in the production of damaged bone matrix and an increase in lymph node chains in the iliac region of the obturator foramen. When identified in advanced stages, this condition presents high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to identify the most prevalent histological grade in cases of advanced prostate cancer with metastasis, to verify if there is concordance between the two values, PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) and Gleason Score, in metastatic cancer situations, and to analyze if these two parameters independently influence disease progression. The research is characterized as a retrospective, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Although a correlation between PSA and the Gleason Score was observed, it was weak, indicating that PSA alone is not a reliable parameter to assess tumor aggressiveness. Additionally, the data revealed that Gleason Score 7 was the most frequent among patients, which may indicate its clinical relevance in the studied population. The implications of this study suggest the need for more effective screening and personalized interventions in the management of prostate cancer. The weak correlation identified between PSA and Gleason emphasizes that healthcare professionals should adopt a multifaceted approach in evaluating patients, taking into account not only these markers but also other clinical factors and biomarkers that may impact the prognosis.

Food safety and hygienic and sanitary conditions in supermarkets: An analysis of external conditions in the Municipality of Alfenas, Minas Gerais State (MG), Brazil

Amanda Andrade de Lima — 2024-11-18

This research aims to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary conditions, analyzing external conditions in supermarkets in the municipality of Alfenas – MG. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study was done. The selection of supermarkets was classified, respecting the availability of access. The checklist was completed during external visits to the establishments, without the need to access internal areas. The items evaluated were divided into three modules: I - External infrastructure; II - Pest control; and III - Conservation of refrigeration equipment. The supermarkets were coded as A, B, C, and D to maintain confidentiality. To assess the level of compliance of each module analyzed. The response options for completing the items in the checklist were: 10 points for items in compliance that met good manufacturing practices (S); and 0 points for items that did not meet (N). The establishments were classified according to a satisfactory approval percentage of 76% - 100%, regular approval of 51% - 75% and disapproval of 0% - 50%. After conducting the study, it was possible to observe that supermarket A stood out negatively and was the one that least met the requirements of the Good Practices Manual, according to RDC No. 275 of 2002 and RDC No. 216 of 2004, updated and amended by RDC No. 52, of September 29, 2014.

Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus after Covid-19 vaccination: A new perspective for health professionals

Amanda Dantas Barbosa — 2024-11-08

Herpes Zoster is a disease marked by the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) reactivation. The ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve can be affected by the pathogen, causing Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO). In this context, the virus reactivation in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve was frequently described in the literature as possibly associated with vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Such occurrences were scarce, but statistically significant. The studies also pointed out a unique pattern in the proportion of people affected by HZ according to the nature of the vaccine, so that those using mRNA as an antigen were the most frequent. Thus, this study aimed to report the case of a 23-year-old Brazilian woman, immunocompetent, who developed HZO about a month and a half after taking the second dose of CoronaVac®, an inactivated virus vaccine, and complained of pain in the form of stabbing and burning in the supraorbital and orbital regions of the left hemiface, culminating in the formation of painful and reddish vesicular lesions. It is concluded that there is evidence linking vaccination and the reported reactivation. Therefore, it is important to disseminate these data among health professionals in order to ensure the safety of vaccination of individuals who are part of the risk group, without discouraging their immunization.

Health Education in Blood Donor Recruitment: An integrative review

Aliciane Oliveira Meira — 2024-11-08

Objective: To analyze how health education actions impact blood donor recruitment. Methodology: This is an integrative review, supported by the PICo strategy, conducted in the BVS, LILACS, and BNENF databases, using the descriptors "Health Education" and "Blood Donors" with the Boolean operator AND, during the period of April to May 2024. The search resulted in 385 documents, which, after applying filters for full text, articles, Portuguese language, and the chronological cut of the years 2018 to 2023, resulted in 08 articles. Results: The reading of the articles allowed the identification of a limited number of studies on the subject, which were developed for diverse audiences. Regarding the main topics addressed, two thematic categories were constructed: "Blood Donation and Its Fundamental Aspects in Donor Recruitment" and "Health Education in Blood Donor Recruitment." Conclusion: It is essential to create opportunities for health education activities, with a critical perspective in the construction of knowledge about blood donation, demystifying existing fears, myths, and prejudices.

Study on the prevalence of Zolpidem consumption in young people aged 15 to 24 in Cascavel – PR

Camile Camargo — 2024-11-16

Zolpidem is a hypnotic drug prescribed for the treatment of insomnia, with a rapid onset of action, promoting sleep in approximately 15 to 30 minutes after administration. Although effective, Zolpidem is not free from adverse effects. However, the abusive use of Zolpidem represents a significant concern since prolonged use or in doses higher than those prescribed can cause dependence. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Zolpidem consumption among young people aged 15 to 24 years in Cascavel, PR. The methodological design followed a retrospective cross-sectional study, in which data from sales records of the drug Zolpidem were evaluated for young people aged 15 to 24 years, of both sexes, by a private commercial pharmacy located in Cascavel-PR. Thus, it was possible to infer the profile of Zolpidem consumption in this age group and region, with Zolpidem consumption being more prevalent among middle-aged adults, with a significantly lower demand among young people and elderly people over 80 years of age. In addition, there was a variation between 5 mg, 6.25 mg, 10 mg, and 12.5 mg, with a predominant concentration of Zolpidem among individuals, with the 10 mg dose being widely used more than the others. The results show the importance of establishing control and awareness-raising actions by health authorities, as providing valuable information to guide public health policies and educational interventions to prevent the misuse of Zolpidem.

Maxillary sinus lifting with minimally invasive technique

Djulia Cassia Luksik — 2024-11-14

In edentulism, it is common for the maxillary region to have low bone density, due to the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and the reabsorption that occurs in the alveolar bone over time. Some techniques are mentioned in the literature, which enable patient rehabilitation and facilitate the insertion of titanium implants. The Summers technique (performed through the alveolar crest with osteotomes) and the Caldwell Luc approach technique (performed from the side with rotating instruments) can be mentioned. This research aimed to select a method chosen as a reference, among the types of existing techniques to gain bone height and, consequently, present success in the installation of implants in the maxillary region. 24 patients were selected, of whom 26 maxillary sinuses were operated on and 35 accesses to the maxillary sinus were performed. In the research, there were 3 ruptures of the sinus membrane, which were not included in the analysis, and only one case did not achieve a satisfactory result in bone height gain. The average height gain was 5.7mm. The technique chosen and performed with rotating instruments, through the bone edge, proved to be safe achieving significant height gain and enabling the prosthetic rehabilitation of patients. Furthermore, patients experienced minimal discomfort during and after surgery.

Natural feeding and its effects on the intestinal health of dogs and cats: A literature review

Letícia de Souza Barcellos Lima — 2024-11-17

Natural feeding has become an increasingly popular alternative to commercial kibble among dog and cat owners, as it is associated with several benefits for their pets' intestinal health. This type of diet is composed of fresh, minimally processed, and often raw foods, aiming to resemble the natural diet these pets would consume in the wild. Intestinal health is crucial to the animal's well-being, directly influencing digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune response. This study aims to review the existing scientific literature on the effects of natural food on the intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal function of dogs and cats. The analysis focuses on identifying patterns and trends in the findings of different studies, while also highlighting knowledge gaps and areas that require further research. The results aim to assist pet owners and veterinary professionals make informed nutritional decisions for a more suitable and healthy pet diet.

Management of trauma caused by bladed weapons in the emergency room: A literature review

Jaydes Schultz Fuly — 2024-11-06

Introduction: The management of stab wound trauma is a critical concern in emergency services due to its potential severity and complexity. Rapid identification and appropriate treatment are essential to improve patient outcomes. Objective: This article reviews current literature on best practices for managing stab wound trauma in emergency settings, highlighting effective interventions and treatment strategies. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies published in the last ten years addressing penetrating trauma management in emergency settings were included. Discussion: Literature emphasizes the importance of well-defined protocols, such as Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS), to guide initial treatment. Rapid assessment and hemorrhage control are crucial. Interventions like fluid resuscitation and blood transfusion are often necessary. The decision between immediate surgical intervention versus careful observation depends on patient stability and wound location. Conclusion: Effective management of stab wound trauma in emergency settings requires a multidisciplinary approach and well-established protocols. Continuous training of healthcare professionals is essential to ensure the proper implementation of best practices.

Changes in liver enzymes in patients infected with the dengue virus

Luis Eduardo Silva Pavão — 2024-11-17

This investigation aims to present the results of an analysis of changes in the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and GGT in patients with dengue admitted to a teaching hospital in the western region of Paraná. A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of patients admitted between January 2023 and June 2024 was conducted, where the results of hepatic enzyme dosages were collected, along with other variables. Enzyme elevations were distributed similarly between sexes, with no clear predominance. The age-based analysis showed an increase in ALT especially in adults, while children and the elderly displayed elevated AST levels. The classification into risk groups revealed a progressive increase in AST and ALT levels in the more severe groups, particularly in groups C and D, which included ICU patients and cases that progressed to death. Among the 310 patients analyzed, 80.32% presented elevated AST, without statistical significance for severity (p = 0.14), while 36.77% showed ALT above reference values, significantly correlated with greater severity (p < 0.001). GGT had a limited sample but was elevated in 61.11% of cases evaluated. These results support the hypothesis that there are alterations in hepatic enzymes in dengue patients admitted to the teaching hospital. The significant elevation of ALT suggests its usefulness as a marker of infection severity, while AST and GGT require further investigation to elucidate their role in dengue-associated hepatic complications.

Experimental investigations on nanotechnology in the health field

Douglas Abilio — 2024-11-17

“Nanotechnology” has attracted attention in recent years, considering that this science leads to an increase in the quality of life of human beings and the conservation of the environment. This investigation aims to describe the evidence regarding the usefulness of the social body through nanotechnology and its application in medicine since its practical impact is increasingly accepted. This is exploratory and qualitative research through scientific articles, magazines, books, newspapers, theses and dissertations, in the databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Semantic Scholar, Academy of Science and Technology, Virtual Health Library (BVS periodicals) published between 2008 and 2020. Based on the design of this inquiry, it was possible to observe that nanotechnology enables advantages in the field of living beings' wisdom, not merely in the medical environment, since it is materialized through drugs, natural or synthetic substances for human hygiene, manufacturing, and equipment, among others. It is concluded that the purpose of this research was achieved, since it was possible to report methods implemented with nanotechnology given the information described here, as advantages in the face of diseases that affect the various continents.

Impact of physical activity on the prevention and control of childhood obesity: An integrative review

Derick Patrick Bentes Leal — 2024-11-14

Childhood obesity, a growing public health problem, has multiple associated factors, such as poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. This integrative review aimed to analyze the effectiveness of physical activity in the prevention and control of obesity in schoolchildren, based on studies published between 2018 and 2023. Regular physical activity emerges as a fundamental strategy to combat childhood obesity, promoting weight loss, improving body composition, and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The school plays a crucial role in this process, offering an environment conducive to physical activity and health education. However, the research reveals that there are still gaps in the implementation of effective physical activity programs in schools. The review highlights the importance of the joint action of schools, families, and health professionals to promote healthy lifestyles from childhood. The promotion of physical activity in schools should be integrated into the school curriculum and involve all teachers, not limited to physical education classes. Additionally, it is essential that families provide support and encourage physical activity at home. In conclusion, physical activity is a powerful tool for preventing and controlling childhood obesity. The implementation of physical activity programs in schools, combined with other interventions, such as the promotion of healthy eating habits, is essential to ensure that children have a healthier and more active life.

Factors influencing inadequate management of anaphylaxis in pediatric emergencies: An integrative literature review

Júlia Aguiar Hermisdorf — 2024-11-21

Even in contemporary times, despite well-established protocols for the management of anaphylaxis in pediatric emergencies, patients are often treated with second-line medications, primarily due to healthcare professionals' reluctance to administer epinephrine. Furthermore, this condition is frequently underdiagnosed, given the possibility of an atypical clinical presentation in the pediatric age group and the difficulty for patients, families, and healthcare professionals in recognizing the symptoms. Underreporting also persists as a reality, making it challenging to obtain accurate data on the prevalence of this condition. This study aims to identify the factors contributing to the inadequate management of anaphylaxis in the pediatric age group and delineate the necessary measures to reverse this situation. This is an integrative literature review, conducted according to PRISMA methodology, utilizing PubMed and SciELO article platforms, with a publication date limit of the last 5 years, searching for articles from studies conducted in both developed and developing countries, with the keywords “anaphylaxis,” “emergency,” and “pediatrics” in Portuguese and English. It was found that in the pediatric population, the main predisposing factors for the inadequate management of this condition include primarily underdiagnosis and the preferential use of known second-line medications. Part of this problem stems from the failure to recognize the clinical condition and another part from medical concerns about the possible side effects of epinephrine.

Femur fractures in the elderly: Morbidity and mortality in the state of Paraná

Nathan dos Santos Rocha — 2024-11-07

Objective: The objective of this article is to present a study on how femur fractures can affect the elderly population in the state of Paraná. Methodology: A retrospective, descriptive study of direct source and quantitative nature was conducted based on the database of the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS), in which data such as the number of hospitalizations, average length of stay, mortality rate, and deaths from femur fractures in the elderly from January 2019 to January 2022 were analyzed. Conclusion: From the data analysis, it was confirmed that the majority of hospitalizations during this period were among elderly women; however, the average length of stay and the mortality rate were predominantly higher in men. Furthermore, it is possible to observe that despite the higher number of hospitalizations in women, mortality is predominantly higher in men.

Analysis of the detection of acquired syphilis in the state of Sergipe over the last 10 years

Jairo Joaquim dos Santos Junior — 2024-11-07

Introduction: Syphilis, one of the leading sexually transmitted infections, represents a growing public health concern, especially in Sergipe, which became the second-highest state in the Northeast in reported cases between 2019-2020, behind only Bahia. Early detection and proper treatment are essential to prevent disease progression and complications. The objective of this article is to present an analysis of acquired syphilis detection in Sergipe over the past ten years. This type of study is crucial to identify trends, inform public health policies, and raise awareness, assisting in disease control. Methodology: An observational study was conducted based on data analysis from the TABNET system on the DATASUS portal (Ministry of Health), considering all municipalities in the state of Sergipe between 2013 and 2023. Reported cases of acquired syphilis (ICD-10 A51, A52, and A53) during the period were analyzed. Results: A total of 11,664 cases of acquired syphilis were recorded, with incidence rates ranging from 4.95% to 18.04%. A decline was observed until 2019, followed by a rapid increase, with incidence tripling during the period. Aracaju, the capital, reported the highest number of cases (26.29%). Gender distribution was similar, and the 20-39 age group was the most affected (58.99%), with a predominance of individuals of mixed race (69.77%). In terms of education, the highest prevalence was observed among people with 5th to 8th-grade education (17.33%), followed by those with complete high school education (15.20%). Finally, 44.48% of cases evolved to clinical cure, with mortality reported in less than 1% of cases.

Use of photo biomodulation as complementary therapy in the treatment of feline sporotrichosis: A case report

Natália Vinhosa Bruno — 2024-11-22

Sporotrichosis is a zoonosis caused by fungi from the Sporothrix complex, which affects endothermic animals, with cats being the most affected animal. Transmission can occur via the classic route or, the alternative, the second being when an animal with the disease infects another animal or person. The treatment of choice for feline sporotrichosis is itraconazole, consisting of a long treatment and refractory cases have already been reported. Photo biomodulation is an alternative treatment that aims to assist conventional treatment, and its main advantages are analgesia, modulation of inflammation, acceleration of tissue repair, and an easy-to-apply technique. This article aims to report a clinical case of feline sporotrichosis refractory to treatment with itraconazole, in which it was decided to combine laser therapy as support for conventional treatment. The disease diagnosis was defined based on the cytopathological examination of the skin lesions and the treatment carried out with the oral antifungal itraconazole associated with weekly laser therapy sessions, resulting in complete remission of clinical signs. This study reinforces the importance of investigating and implementing alternative therapies for feline sporotrichosis, highlighting photo biomodulation as an excellent complementary option for this disease.

Evaluation of self-medication among students and professionals at a Medical school in southern Minas Gerais

Yara de Souza Fernandes — 2024-11-08

Introduction: Self-medication is a widespread practice, especially among students and health professionals, who have easy access to medical information. The use of medicines without a prescription can led to significant risks, such as dangerous drug interactions, antimicrobial resistance and serious adverse effects. Objectives: The aim of this study was to survey the main aspects of self-medication among students and staff at a medical school in the south of Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included data collection and subsequent comparative analysis between the groups observed. The findings were discussed with previously published and validated academic papers to obtain correlations between the scientific medical literature and the research findings. Results and Discussion: The results showed that 96.5% of the students and 84.2% of the staff reported using over-the-counter medication, with analgesics and anti-inflammatories standing out in both groups. However, the use of psychotropic drugs was more frequent among students, while staff used more muscle relaxants and anti-inflammatories. These data reflect the different academic and occupational pressures, revealing that although the groups have different contexts, both are vulnerable to self-medication. Conclusion: Self-medication among students and staff is worrying, due to the indiscriminate use of various classes of medication. Raising awareness and implementing educational policies are fundamental to minimizing the associated risks and encouraging safer and more responsible use of drugs.

Increased coagulation Factor VIII (FVIII) replacement in patients with moderate Hemophilia A of non-O blood groups

Magaly do Bom Parto Lopes Vieira Lima — 2024-11-23

Objective: The present study investigated the association between the ABO blood group and the annual consumption of Coagulation Factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate (IU/kg BW/year) in patients with mild and moderate hemophilia A treated at two reference hemophilia center in Brazil (Pará Blood Center and Unicamp Blood Center) Methods: Plasma levels of the von Willebrand factor antigen (FVW:Ag), ristocetin cofactor (FVW:RCo) and FVIII coagulant (FVIII:C) were performed to investigate the correlation between these variables and the ABO immunophenotypes. Results and Discussion: The FVIII consumption (IU/kg BW/year) compared between moderate hemophilia A patients with blood group O and non-O demonstrated increased FVIII consumption among the patients with blood group non-O (p=0.018). In the analysis of this group, plasma levels of FVW:RCo were statistically higher (p=0.045) in comparison to moderate hemophilia A patients with blood group O. Conclusion: Based on the present findings, the ABO blood group is not only a possible indicator for FVIII pharmacokinetics, but also can influence the moderate hemophilia A bleeding phenotype.

Analysis of the profile of Healthcare-Associated Infections in pediatric patients from a Brazilian hospital post-COVID-19 pandemic

Thamires Neves de Campos — 2024-11-09

Objective: to assess the profile of healthcare-associated infections in pediatric patients from a Brazilian university hospital after the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to identify epidemiological patterns and provide insights to improve prevention and control strategies. Methodology: this is a retrospective cross-sectional study, analyzing data from pediatric patients hospitalized between January 2022 and December 2023. Information was obtained from electronic medical records, including age, gender, comorbidities, length of stay, and the use of invasive devices. The sample consisted of patients aged 0 to 12 years, whose data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and significance tests. Results: a total of 69 patients were analyzed, 57.1% of whom were male. There were 7 co-infected patients, totaling 76 cases. The most prevalent age group was under 1 year (36.2%). Invasive devices included peripheral central insertion catheters (27.3%) and orotracheal tubes (27.3%). The median length of hospital stay was 24 days. The most common were surgical site infections (40.7%), followed by primary bloodstream infections (14.47%) and pneumonias (13.16%). The most prevalent microorganisms were Escherichia coli (15%) and Enterococcus sp. (15%). Of the positive cultures, 50% were gram-negative, and 37.5% showed resistance profiles. Conclusion: the study highlights the importance of continuous infection control practices, emphasizing the impact of invasive devices and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens in the pediatric environment.

Integrative review: Cognitive skills in auditory training programs for elderly users of Hearing Aids

Amanda Monteiro Magrini — 2024-11-24

This study is an integrative review (IR), of the literature, that aims to describe which cognitive aspects are seen and exercised in auditory training programs for elderly hearing aid users. The research question was “What cognitive skills are practiced in informal auditory training programs for elderly hearing aid users?”. The inclusion criteria were articles published in the last 10 years (2014-2024), in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, in the population aged 60 and over, which fit the proposed theme. The exclusion criteria were duplicate articles in the databases, articles that even, after full reading, didn’t answer the research question, and studies that referred to cochlear implants. The collection resulted in 106 articles (BVS=32; 30.2%/ PubMed= 28; 26.4%/ Cochrane= 46; 43.4%), 22 duplicates between the databases and 69 studies were excluded after the first reading of the title and abstract. This resulted in 15 articles to be read in full. After a detailed reading of these studies, 11 manuscripts were excluded, leaving four articles. This integrative review has provided an overview that can guide researchers and clinicians in two ways: to anticipate the planning and structuring of future research and interventions involving cognitive training in elderly hearing aid users.

Analysis of the frequency of alcohol consumption among medical students at a private college in Minas Gerais

Júlia Maria Peçanha Santos — 2024-11-10

Alcohol, being the most widely consumed psychoactive substance globally, poses a public health problem in Brazil, with high rates of alcoholism. This study assessed alcohol consumption among 243 medical students at a private college in Minas Gerais, using the AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Participants were classified into four risk zones based on their total AUDIT scores. Results showed that 40,7% of the students consumed alcohol regularly, while 24,3% drank occasionally. Women scored lower on the AUDIT compared to men, indicating lower consumption. Age and academic period influenced drinking patterns, with older students and those in more advanced stages of their studies consuming less alcohol. There was also a correlation between income and alcohol consumption, with higher-income students having a greater risk of dependency. Cigarette use was associated with harmful alcohol consumption, while students who preferred wine exhibited more moderate drinking habits. The study concluded that factors such as gender, academic stage, income, and smoking habits influence alcohol consumption among Medical students.

The risks of self-medication in elderly patients with Elderly patients with hypertension: A review of health impacts

Maria de Jesus Sobrinho Silva — 2024-11-21

The main aim of this study was to analyze the risks of indiscriminate use of antihypertensive drugs in elderly people with a history of the disease A systematic, exploratory and qualitative literature review was therefore carried out Data was collected from PubMed and Scielo using the following descriptors: self-medication, elderly, hypertension and risks The search was conducted in Portuguese and English, using AND as a connector, and included scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024 Ten studies passed the inclusion filter and were directly related to the topic The results of the study showed that hypertension is a significant risk factor for several serious conditions, such as heart disease and stroke The condition is particularly prevalent in the elderly population and is associated with an increase in arterial stiffness and cardiovascular complications Thus, it can be concluded from the existing data that, although many elderly people have access to health services, they still face difficulties that lead them to opt for self-medication.

Post-anesthesia nursing care and Heidegger's existential philosophical contribution of being-with-others

Lara Daniela Matos Cunha — 2024-11-13

Introduction: The experience of post-anesthesia care, within a complex and highly differentiated clinical context, is illustrated by clinical practice in an uncertain and variable environment, which coincides with a period of heightened vulnerability for the patient. Considering care that transcends technical operations requires a new ontological perspective rooted in human existence itself. Objective: To reflect on the nurse's lived experience of post-anesthesia nursing care through the lens of Martin Heidegger's essence of care. Methods: This is a theoretical-reflective analysis of post-anesthesia nursing care, focusing on the concept of care proposed by the philosopher Martin Heidegger. Conclusions: By integrating Heidegger’s phenomenological concepts into the nursing care context, care is envisioned as an existential phenomenon of being-with-others, enriched by an understanding of interaction with the world and the multiplicity of ways of being that surpass a purely technical identity.

Retrospective observational study of endodontic treatment of teeth with Dens invaginatus

Ana Clara Alves Araújo — 2024-11-13

The dental anomaly Dens Invaginatus (DI), or Dens in dente, is an unusual condition that affects humans. Finding this anomaly means noticing some changes in dental anatomy that may possibly harm the patient and understanding that these cases are not treated with traditional endodontic methods. This study aimed to evaluate, in a retrospective and observational manner, the approach to DI cases to achieve success in endodontic treatment. Dental records, radiographs, and tomographies, when available, were analyzed. The data were collected at the EndoMais Private Clinic in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. In total, 1,387 patients were included, of which only 5 teeth (2,77%) presented DI, predominantly in the upper lateral incisor (n=3) and in the upper central incisor (n=2). Most of the patients were female (n=5), and all were adolescents. Among the 5 cases, 4 were referred by other professionals, and only one received an initial intervention. The presence of DI was identified in 3 cases with spontaneous pain: 2 with localized and continuous pain and 1 with pulsatile pain. In the other 2 cases, there was no report of pain, and DI was discovered as a radiographic finding. Data analysis revealed three main challenges in the endodontic treatment of teeth with DI: coronal access, complete disinfection of the canals, and obturation due to complex anatomy. This study highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and the use of advanced technologies for the success of DI treatment, serving as a basis for future investigations and improvements in clinical practice.

Clinical parameters and staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Reference Center

Aline Moreira do Nascimento — 2024-11-15

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of cancer in the head and neck region. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of squamous cell carcinoma, and the correlation of TNM clinical staging indices with clinical parameters of the tumor, prognosis, and treatment. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the dental records of the State University of Feira de Santana and physicians from the High Complexity Oncology Unit of the Dom Pedro de Alcântara Hospital in Feira de Santana-BA. The Statistical Package for Social Science, version 10.0, was used. Results: Male individuals (32%), of mixed race/color (50%) over 60 years old (52%) were the most affected by the disease. The tongue and floor of the mouth were the most affected regions (58%) and the most common histological grading of squamous cell carcinoma was moderately differentiated (50%). The majority reported the association between alcohol and tobacco as a habit (76%). Stages III and IV (64%) were more prevalent. More than one therapy was instituted for 66% of cases. Approximately 28% of patients died during the period investigated. There was a statistically significant difference in the relationships between TNM and treatment modalities (p=0.00) and death (p=0.04). Conclusion: The majority of individuals affected by squamous cell carcinoma were men, over 60 years old, with hard lifestyle habits, in more advanced stages of the disease at the time of diagnosis and, consequently, submitted to more aggressive therapies.

Comparative diagnosis of the care flow for patients with proximal femoral fractures from admission to the operating room before and after the implementation of the Lean Six Sigma system

Carlos André Gragel Carretero — 2024-11-16

A Lean Six Sigma diagnosis was conducted to identify the weaknesses in the patient referral flow from femur fracture to the surgical center within 72 hours. This is a retrospective study involving patients who underwent femur fracture surgery between July 2023 and June 2024. Patients were divided into 2 groups: before team communication from July to December 2023 and after adjustment, from January to June 2024. The measured times refer to the patient's entry into the hospital until they were referred to the services: T1: registration and triage, T2: clinical care and request for diagnostic and laboratory tests, T3: cardiac risk, T4: test results and surgical scheduling; T5: entry into the surgical center. 51 patients were included in the first group and 39 in the second group and it was observed that there was a reduction in the total time, after communication with the team, from 110.9h to 95.22h. There was a reduction in all times, except in the surgical risk assessment, where there was an increase in time from 18.04h to 25.88h. It was diagnosed the need to create different protocols for polytrauma patients or those using anticoagulant medication, as they generated outliers in the study, increasing the dispersion of times and preventing significant differences from being observed. The presence of cardiologists, number of hip surgery specialists and increase in days for echocardiogram, were pointed out as urgent corrections to the process to achieve the goal of 72 hours.

Analysis of the prevalence and types of physical activities among elderly people over 60 years of age: A quantitative study in a public outpatient clinic in Cascavel

Jiovana André Maniero — 2024-11-16

The growth of the Brazilian elderly population reflects a global trend of demographic aging, resulting in an increase in chronic diseases associated with aging. Preventing these conditions requires adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity, a balanced diet and periodic medical monitoring. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and most common types of physical activity among elderly people over 60 years old in a public establishment in the city of Cascavel. Adopting a descriptive and quantitative approach, a questionnaire consisting of 17 objective questions was applied. 100 elderly people (74.7 ± 8.90 years) participated in the study, 60% female and 40% male. Regarding the level of physical activity, 54% of the elderly people evaluated were classified as active, of which 31.4% consider it important to be physically active, with walking being the most practiced physical exercise and 14.9% following gyms. Among the difficulties encountered, 34% of the most reported reasons were due to health problems and physical limitations, of the motivational factors 38% were due to following medical instructions and 36% disease prevention, of the benefits 31% observed an improvement in mobility and flexibility. The results highlight the elderly's perception of the importance of remaining physically active, highlighting the need to include physical activity in the pharmacotherapeutic care plan, to prom ote healthy aging and better quality of life.

Contribution of the multidisciplinary team of the better at home program in reversing a case considered palliative in the Municipality of Acreúna, Goias (GO) State, Brazil

Jerônimo Gregório da Silva Neto — 2024-11-16

This article aims to explore the contribution of the multidisciplinary team from the Melhor em Casa Program in reversing a case considered palliative in Acreúna, GO. It describes a retrospective case study of a patient admitted to the Melhor em Casa Program, in Acreúna - GO, on 08/08/2024, with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and subdural hematoma. The patient also had comorbidities such as epilepsy, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Due to the severity of his clinical condition, he was considered palliative and received nutritional support through Gastrostomy (GTT) and diseases with oxygenation and tracheostomy (TQT). The analysis was based on a review of the medical records, highlighting the work of the multidisciplinary team, made up of a doctor, nursing team, physiotherapy and nutritionist, who intervened to improve the patient's general condition. Throughout the treatment, a positive evolution was noted, with a direct impact on the patient's quality of life. The result of these interventions was significant, leading to the removal of the tracheostomy (TQT) and the reintroduction of oral feeding, demonstrating the success of specialized integrated care in the treatment of patients with multiple serious and delicate clinical conditions.

Interventions In Perfectionism: The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy

Julia Beatriz Mendes e Silva — 2024-11-24

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) postulates that the interpretation of a given situation directly influences physical, behavioral, and emotional reactions, with symptom improvement occurring when dysfunctional thinking is modified, leading to changes in dysfunctional beliefs. Perfectionism can significantly affect mental and physical health levels, playing a critical role in psychopathologies and highlighting behavioral and cognitive aspects. Objective: To reflect on student training provided through clinical internship experience at a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Teresina – Piauí, contributing to the practice and development of future professionals. Methodology: This is a qualitative research study of theoretical depth, based on an experiential model, where the type of textual production is an academic experience, with the primary characteristic being the description of the intervention. Results: Cognitive-behavioral therapies have been suggested for different audiences, demands, and contexts. Considering the findings during the sessions, it is evident that the techniques showed good adherence and effectiveness in treating perfectionism.

Psychological and physical abuse of indiginous women

Pabloena da Silva Pereira — 2024-11-24

This study addresses the psychological and physical abuse attributed to Indigenous women, caused by disrespectful conduct in hospital/medical care settings in this target audience. Its objective is to discuss the psychological and physical abuse of indigenous women. The research methodology for this study was an integrative review of literary works from the last five years, limited to the period from January 2019 to August 2024, which occurred through specific health and multidisciplinary databases, such as PubMed, Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, and others. For the other delimitations of data collection and analysis, eligibility criteria were applied, to be detailed in the methodological section of this article. The results obtained in the review denote a scarcity of content that delimits the problem in the audience of Indigenous women proposed in this study. The wide range of articles found translates psychological and physical abuse in the most variable contextualization, but without addressing Indigenous women or descendants. Finally, it is possible to observe that little emphasis was placed on identifying the factors and interventions against disrespect and abuse against the population addressed in the country were carried out, making it necessary to assign new social and governmental implementations that act directly on the rights of Indigenous women who have suffered or suffer abuse within public health care settings.

Factors contributing to the development of sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis: An integrative review

Gabriela Barbosa Lopes — 2024-11-21

Sarcopenia is a condition marked by the loss of muscle mass and function, which can occur primarily due to aging or secondarily due to diseases like liver cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is a chronic illness that damages liver cells and impairs liver function. This integrative review seeks to identify the factors that contribute to the development of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis by analyzing and synthesizing findings from existing studies on the topic. Data were collected from PubMed and SciELO, with six articles meeting the eligibility criteria. The studies suggest that various factors may contribute to sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients, including hypermetabolism, increased catabolism, low testosterone levels, reduced branched-chain amino acids, and low zinc levels.

Analysis of caffeine content in soft drinks and its correlation with health impact in hypertensive individuals

Lucas Guilherme Esprisson — 2024-11-20

This study analyzes the caffeine content and investigates the relationship between the consumption of caffeinated soft drinks and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), which is a chronic condition that may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Caffeine, an alkaloid in several beverages, has been widely studied for its effects on blood pressure. This article aims to present the research results that focus on the analysis of caffeinated soft drinks, consumed by a wide range of the population, including hypertensive individuals. Regarding the methodology, laboratory research, of a quantitative nature was carried out, which involved the extraction of caffeine from soft drink samples, followed by analysis using UV-Vis detection. Although the results are within the limits of ANVISA for caffeine content, total consumption from various sources, such as coffee and energy drinks, may affect blood pressure. Reviewed studies indicate that caffeine can cause temporary increases in blood pressure, with more pronounced effects in hypertensive individuals. Hypertensive patients need to be cautious and moderate their caffeine intake. However, due to the scarcity, more studies are necessary to evaluate the long-term effects of caffeine in patients with Arterial Hypertension and individualized medical guidance.

Endodontic and HIV: Myths and Realities about the Dental Care Protocol. Systematic review

Alejandra Esthefania Gavilánez Gaibor — 2024-11-19

The present systematic review aimed to know the indications for the approach to patients with HIV in endodontics and its correct execution, according to current literature. Methods: Five reviewers searched the electronic databases EBSCO host, Cochrane, Pubmed, and Lilacs from 2014 to 2024, followed by a hand search and citation extraction for all eligible articles according to the inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 1031 articles were screened and there were 641 duplicate articles, leaving 4 articles to be included in this review. Conclusions: The implementation of strict biosafety protocols and the personalization of treatment based on the health assessment of the HIV patient is essential to minimize infection risks and improve recovery in endodontic procedures. The rigorous application of biosafety protocols, such as the use of physical barriers and sterile materials, is essential to reduce the possibility of cross-contamination during endodontic treatments in HIV patients.

The epidemiological profile of leprosy hospitalizations in Brazil from 2018 to 2023

Yasmin Ibrahim Mohamed — 2024-11-20

Leprosy is a chronic disease whose causative agent is Mycobacterium leprae, a bacterium capable of affecting the skin and peripheral nerves. To analyze the epidemiological profile of leprosy hospitalizations in Brazil from 2018 to 2023. This is an ecological, descriptive, quantitative study, carried out by collecting secondary data, available on the website of the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the TABNET application, through information from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) of hospitalizations according to the ICD - 10 morbidity list: Leprosy (Leprosy) and Sequelae of leprosy (Leprosy). The data was searched in August 2024. The epidemiological profile of leprosy hospitalizations in Brazil revealed a total of 16,300 hospitalizations. The Northeast region accounted for 6,543 hospitalizations, equivalent to 40.14% of the total. The age group affected was 40 - 49 years old, male and of brown race/color. It is worth highlighting the importance of regional disparities in Brazil and how socio-economic factors impact on the prevalence and severity of leprosy, especially in the North, Northeast and Central-West regions. It is essential to emphasize that, despite public policies and control efforts, leprosy remains a neglected disease, with significant gaps in epidemiological data and in the proper management of associated physical disabilities. These factors suggest the need for more intensive training for health professionals, as well as more effective strategies and actions for active search and early diagnosis, especially in the most vulnerable areas.

Nutrition preceptorship in the training process of resident nutritionists in Family and Community Health

Leonardo Augusto da Silva — 2024-11-23

The preceptorship of Health Residencies emerges as a professional qualification strategy joining theory and practice and promoting the linking of teaching to the principles and objectives of the Unified Health System. The study aimed to describe the activities carried out during core preceptorships and discuss the importance of this as a training and professional qualification tool for nutrition residents. It is a descriptive study, of the Experience Report type, on the training and professional qualification of Nutritionists through the Preceptorship of the Nutrition Center of the Multidisciplinary Residency in Primary Care, Family and Community Health at the State University of Rio Grande do Norte. In this way, preceptorship can be characterized as core and field, with the core being responsible for academic guidance linked to the content necessary for the professional core, performing important functions when developing reflections based on theoretical, theoretical-practical, and practical activities. The preceptorship broadens the vision to other areas of knowledge and performance in nutrition, favoring richer learning experiences in specialization, being a differentiator in the residency program, and preparing professionals for different scenarios.

Prevalence and incidence of chronic pain with and without neuropathic features in patients with cancer

Clara Cardoso Maia de Grammont — 2024-11-14

Objectives: To identify the prevalence and incidence of chronic pain with and without neuropathic characteristics in cancer patients in public hospitals in São Luís, Maranhão. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study. The sample was made up of patients diagnosed with cancer who were admitted to the clinics of two oncology hospitals in the public health network in the city of São Luís – MA. The prevalence and incidence of chronic pain in cancer patients was identified and then the sociodemographic and clinical profile was described and questionnaires validated in Portuguese were used to identify the presence of the neuropathic component in pain. Results: The final sample of this study was 1020 patients. The prevalence of chronic pain in cancer patients was 35.3%. Of these, 62.5% had neuropathic pain. Furthermore, the incidence was 21.4%. The individuals with NDRC were, for the most part, low-income women, with a lower educational level, Afro-descendants, from rural areas and diagnosed with breast cancer and cervical cancer, mainly. Conclusion: A large proportion of patients with diagnosed with cancer live with chronic pain, whether with or without a neuropathic component, affecting mainly low-income women with a lower level of education.

Infective endocarditis: antibiotic prophylaxis against Streptococcus viridans according to the 2007 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines

Cézar Ladeira Macedo Neto — 2024-11-04

Infective endocarditis (IE) is an inflammation of the endocardium, often caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Its mortality rate varies depending on the pathogenic agent and complications such as heart failure and embolism. In developed countries, IE is more common in the elderly, due to increased life expectancy and the use of invasive devices, with Staphylococcus sp being a predominant pathogen. In developing countries, however, the disease affects younger individuals, with Streptococcus sp as the main agent. The aim of this article is to present a literature review on the prophylaxis of infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus viridans according to the 2007 AHA guidelines. These guidelines limit the use of prophylactic antibiotics to high-risk patients, resulting in a significant reduction in prescriptions without an increase in disease incidence. The review highlights the efficacy of prophylaxis in high-risk groups, such as patients with prosthetic valves, and recommends ongoing monitoring of these guidelines to ensure alignment with clinical outcomes.

The repercussions of vaping use on health: Integrative literature review

Jamilly Marinho Oliveira — 2024-11-03

Introduction E-cigarettes are as harmful to one's health as smoking other tobacco-based products. Objective: Review the main health effects of vaping, focusing on the stomatognathic system. Methodology For this purpose, the authors carried out a literature review using an integrative approach, checking data available from 2015 to 2023 on the databases Pubmed, Virtual Health Library, and Scielo, using the following keywords: 'Vaping,' 'Electronic Nicotine Release System', 'e-cig,' 'Health' and 'Oral Health.' Results The authors applied eligibility criteria to select 31 out of 451 articles they found as a result of their search. The findings showed that vaping is associated with inflammatory-based morbidities such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and periodontal diseases. Conclusion Vaping has adverse effects on its users' health and may constitute a public health issue that requires further discussion and debate to be resolved.

Perception of lay adults on the importance of primary dentition: A integrative review

Ana Karolaine Oliveira Silva — 2024-11-01

The objective of this study was to review the literature on the perception of lay adults regarding the importance of primary teeth, considering the sociodemographic profile and knowledge of preventive care for teeth. To answer the question, searches were carried out in the PubMed and BVS databases, in the period between January and February 2024, using the MeSH terms “Deciduous dentition”, “beliefs”, “myths” and “attitude” associated to the Boolean operators AND and OR. Studies that answered the guiding question, involving lay adults and published in the last 5 years were included. The initial searches resulted in 49 articles. After screening and applying the eligibility criteria, the final sample comprised 14 studies. Most of the studies were published in India and Saudi Arabia, between 2019 and 2024, and the perception of parents or guardians of children, pregnant women and midwives was assessed through questionnaires. Adults' knowledge about oral health is limited and directly influences the health of primary teeth and children's oral hygiene habits, but in general they recognize the importance of primary teeth. The sociodemographic profile has a broad influence on this aspect, therefore, those responsible with a higher level of education and a greater number of children have better levels of perception regarding the importance. People with lower levels of education are the most affected with little information. Furthermore, it was noticed that lay adults understand the importance of preventive care for good oral health.

Brain death as a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection: An integrative review

Sofia Vieira Neves — 2024-11-03

Introduction: It is well known that coronaviruses (CoVs) generally exhibit neurotropic properties and, therefore, can result in neurological and neuropathic conditions. For this, there are several potential mechanisms, which can even cause brain death in the patient. Establishing brain damage of irreversible cause follows a protocol that may vary according to the country, usually consisting of two clinical examinations, an apnea test and a complementary examination. Thus, brain death has been reported in some studies in association with COVID-19. The objective of this review is to analyze the evidence on the correlation between COVID-19 infection and brain death. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review that used the PubMed and LiLaCS databases, from 2019 to 2023 to search for articles with the following descriptors: “Brain death; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2” in Portuguese, English and Spanish. These terms were combined using the Boolean operators OR and three years of publication (from 2019 to 2023). Results and Discussion: Fourteen articles were selected for analysis in this work and among these, the main findings and associations between brain death and COVID-19 could be discussed according to the literature. Conclusion: Therefore, although brain death is present in many outcomes after infection by SARS-CoV-2, it is still not very prevalent and difficult to study, since patients evolve due to multiple causes, in an acute manner, making it impossible to perform more clinical and laboratory tests, requiring more studies on the subject.

Depression in the elderly in primary care

Sara Mendonça de Queiroz — 2024-11-08

Introduction: Depression has significantly affected the elderly population, with symptoms such as altered sleep, reduced appetite, pain and other physical symptoms. Factors such as loss of functionality and changes in quality of life contribute to this prevalence. In addition, Primary Health Care faces difficulties in diagnosing and treating depression in the elderly. Objective: This narrative review study aims to analyze the different aspects related to depression in the elderly in primary care, covering the areas of promotion, prevention and mental health care. Methodology: This study, a narrative review of the literature, sought to analyze how support programs and social interaction impact on the reduction of depressive symptoms in the elderly in primary care. The search for articles was carried out in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline and Scielo databases, with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 17 studies were selected for analysis. Results and discussion: Analysis of the articles shows that participation in social support programs and community activities is crucial to reducing depressive symptoms. The evidence found shows that elderly people with greater social involvement have fewer depressive symptoms. Thus, lack of social participation and factors such as family loss and retirement are associated with an increase in the prevalence of depression. Final considerations: This analysis highlights the importance of investing in public policies and community programs that promote social integration and emotional support in order to improve the mental health and quality of life of the elderly.

The use of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve due to third molar extraction

Maria Teresa Martins Melo — 2024-11-02

Patients frequently seek the extraction of lower third molars, primarily due to these teeth often being impacted, poorly positioned, or sources of pain and infections. Due to its close anatomical relationship with the Inferior Alveolar Nerve, this procedure carries a risk of nerve injury, such as paresthesia. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy as a treatment for such paresthesias. An narrative literature review was conducted using the online databases PubMed and Scielo. The inclusion criteria were articles from the last 10 years that directly addressed the topic. Incomplete publications, private articles, and those not within the designated publication time frame were excluded. The data obtained were organized in a descriptive textual format. Subsequently, an analysis of the studies was performed to evaluate which articles support the treatment method in question. The authors advocate for the use of lasers as a favorable treatment option, citing their healing and tissue regeneration properties, in addition to being non-invasive. However, there is no standardized protocol for its use. Laser therapy is a viable and effective method for treating paresthesias, with the treatment protocol depending on the type, extent, and duration of the injury, and the dentist determining the appropriate approach.

The role of inflammatory modulators in the induction of Hippocampal Sclerosis in patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Maria Izabella Silva Damasceno — 2024-11-17

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common neurological syndrome characterized by refractory seizures, often associated with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Understanding the inflammatory mechanisms in TLE is essential for developing more effective treatments, especially for cases that do not respond to conventional therapies. With the aim of investigating the relationship between neuroinflammation and TLE with HS, a systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with a final sample of 10 articles from 2019 to 2024 available in the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The results showed that neuroinflammation, mediated by cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and the protein HMGB1, exacerbates epileptic seizures. The activation of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes, and the immune response of microglia and astrocytes, are linked to neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus. Neuroinflammation affects the integrity of hippocampal tissue, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity, leading to cognitive deficits. Thus, modulating inflammatory pathways emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce seizures and preserve cognitive function, but further studies are needed to optimize clinical management.

Photosonic Resource in the treatment of fibromyalgia

André de Brito Oliveira — 2024-11-03

This study's research object is the photosonic resource called Recupero®, intended for the treatment of people affected by fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is a disease that has a major negative impact on patients' quality of life, as existing treatments appear to be palliative given the level of pain complaints presented by treated patients. The objective of the research is to present Recupero® as an innovative and effective device in the treatment of fibromyalgia, whose function is to emit laser and ultrasound simultaneously on the palms of patients' hands. This is a case study, supported by a bibliographical review, whose sources, which are still scarce, originate from publications by the Optical Institute of USP – São Carlos, the body responsible for the patent of the device and the research carried out. All the data evaluated leads us to believe that the improvement varies from 50/60 to 90% in just 10 sessions. In this sense, it can be concluded that the device is efficient in terms of what it proposes, presenting results such as a general reduction in pain, improvement in mood, anxiety, intracranial pressure, physical capacity and sleep, which has a decisive impact on the quality of subjects' lives.

Applicability and effectiveness of the use of articaine in Pediatric Dentistry: A literature review

Maria Clara Marinho de Carvalho — 2024-11-07

Objective: The present study seeks to review the literature regarding the effectiveness of using articaine in different anesthetic techniques in pediatric dentistry patients, in order to support its applicability for use by dentists regarding the appropriate choice of anesthetic salt and techniques to be used. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review study with a qualitative approach that sought to analyze the applicability and effectiveness of the use of articaine in pediatric dentistry. Articles available in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) electronic library were selected, in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Literature database (LILACS) accessed through the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and in the database from PubMed. Results: The studies compared the effectiveness of articaine, in the infiltration technique, compared to lidocaine in BNAI, being equally effective, where the infiltration technique is less painful. However, there is controversy about its use in children under 4 years of age. Conclusion: Articaine is a local anesthetic with rapid action, low toxicity, high potency, and differentiated biotransformation. Showing effectiveness in pediatric dentistry, with appropriate knowledge and techniques.

Pharmaceutical Office for care of Hiperdia patients in Primary Health Care in the Municipality of Benevides, Pará

Andréa Sarmento Figueiredo Torres — 2024-11-09

Objective: To present the Pharmaceutical Office for Patient Care of Hiperdia in Primary Health Care in the city of Benevides, Pará. Methodology: This is an experience report on the process of implementing the Pharmaceutical Office for Patient Care of Hiperdia in Primary Health Care in the city of Benevides, Pará. Conclusion: It can be inferred that the implementation of the Pharmaceutical Care Office has the potential to promote the correct and quality use of medications; thus contributing to the control of chronic non-communicable diseases, such as Hypertension and Diabetes, promoting the improvement of quality of life, the reduction of health damage and the reduction of costs for the Unified Health System.

Post-implant installation sensitivity and the importance of prior planning: Case report

Bruna Gonçalves de Oliveira — 2024-11-04

Implantology has become a fundamental specialty in Dentistry. However, despite the benefits obtained through rehabilitation, complications or errors caused after implant placement are common and are rarely published in the literature. The objective of this study was to report the clinical case of a patient with sensitivity after implant placement (related to tooth 46), in addition to a brief discussion about the main structures affected after implant surgeries and how prior planning and the use of new dental technologies can help to avoid it. This study was characterized by a descriptive design and qualitative analysis. The data came from the clinical practice of the Dentistry course at Faculdade Patos de Minas (FPM), and the participant was a patient of this Institution. During the anamnesis, the main complaint was "tooth pain with cold food." After clinical and radiographic examinations, a periapical lesion was diagnosed in tooth 45, where endodontic treatment and follow-up for 14 months were performed. Through the tomographic image, it was possible to verify the proximity of the dental implant installation with the adjacent structures: apex of tooth 45 and approximately 1 mm from the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN).

Motor analysis of students with autism in school Physical Education using the KTK test: An integrative review

Fábio da Silva Costa — 2024-11-07

This study investigates the contribution of the KTK Test to the assessment and motor intervention of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in school Physical Education. The objective of this article is to present an integrative review of the literature in which foram analyzed studies that will use the KTK test as a tool for validation and accompaniment of the motor development of children with TEA. The research results demonstrate the importance of the KTK Test as a precise instrument to identify the motor difficulties and potentialities of children with autism. To evaluate dimensions such as balance, coordination, strength and agility, the test allows the creation of personalized and effective intervention programs, promoting the global development of children. The combination of KTK Testing with playful and meaningful body practices, such as games and jumping, is fundamental for the motor, cognitive and socio-emotional development of children with ASD. The studies analyzed demonstrate that interventions based on the KTK Test can lead to significant improvements in various motor skills, contributing to the inclusion and quality of life of children.

Complications in submental liposuction: A narrative review

João Victor Hernandez Viana — 2024-11-09

Submental liposuction is a popular aesthetic technique for reducing fat in the submandibular area, offering facial contouring and rejuvenation. Although less invasive than facial surgeries, it poses risks such as edema, infections, and sensory alterations. Studies focused on complications in the submental region are scarce, despite anatomical features requiring precise technique and careful planning. High demand among young patients calls for strict selection criteria, informed consent, and proper postoperative protocols. Reviewing complications aims to inform professionals about risks and foster innovations to enhance safety. The aim of this study is to review and discuss the main complications associated with submental liposuction, focusing on intra- and postoperative complications and preventive measures.

The increase in the use of psychotropic drugs during the pandemic in Brazil: Literature review

Makelly Bezerra de Lima — 2024-11-10

This study aims to analyze the increase in the use of psychotropic drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, highlighting its relationship with the impact on the population's mental health between March 2020 and September 2021. A bibliographic review was carried out with searches for scientific articles in the Scielo, LILACS, PubMed and Google Scholar databases, focusing on evidence about the increased use of medications to treat mental disorders during the pandemic. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select papers closely related to the topic. Analysis of the data revealed a significant increase in the consumption of psychotropic drugs, with an increase of up to 113% in the demand for drugs for anxiety, depression and insomnia. This increase is associated with factors such as stress, unemployment and emotional losses resulting from social isolation. The increase in the use of psychotropic drugs during the pandemic reflects a worrying intensification of mental health problems in the Brazilian population. This scenario highlights the urgent need to raise awareness about proper prescribing and the risks of self-medication, which have become common in times of crisis. The situation demands attention from health professionals and authorities to adequately address emerging mental health challenges.

Applicability and academic formation of integrative and complementary practices: A critical assessment of professors and students in the health field

Luiz Fernando Leite da Silva Neto — 2024-11-15

Objective: To evaluate the opinions of professors and students in the health field at a university regarding Integrative and Complementary Practices (ICPs). Methodology: A questionnaire was administered to assess the epidemiology, knowledge, and opinions on the effectiveness, relevance, and applicability of ICPs. Results: The majority had prior contact with ICPs (p<0.01). 82.8% consider ICPs effective and agree on their use in hospitals (p<0.01). 84.09% would recommend ICPs to their patients in practice. Participants agreed that teaching ICPs is essential in health-related degree programs (p<0.01), yet they do not believe the university provides effective training for professional practice (p<0.01). Conclusion: Overall, participants reacted positively to ICPs, considering them effective and relevant for use in hospitals, and expressed the need for a curriculum dedicated to ICPs during undergraduate education. However, the current situation reveals a low number of universities adopting ICP education, resulting in a workforce ill-prepared to implement ICPs in practice. Therefore, there is a clear necessity for these practices within the academic setting to foster a more humanized and interdisciplinary approach to patient care.

Validation of the therapeutic conduct proposed by artificial intelligence in the context patients with Diabetes mellitus who present hypersensitivity reaction to exogenous insulin

Caio Ferreira Fernandes — 2024-11-14

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming medicine, being able to perform diagnoses and propose therapeutic approaches. One example is Chat GPT, which has been gaining prominence. This study aims to explore the innovation of AI in medicine, highlighting its capabilities and challenges, especially in diagnoses, treatments and patient screening. Methodology: To validate the use of Chat GPT, a qualitative comparative thematic analysis was performed. Three scientific articles on insulin hypersensitivity reactions in patients with Diabetes Mellitus were selected. The cases were submitted to the tool, which suggested therapeutic approaches. These suggestions were then compared with the actual resolutions of physicians in clinical cases. Results: Chat GPT's approaches coincided with those of physicians in several areas, such as insulin desensitization, personalized therapeutic regimen, insulin dosage adjustment, patient education and support, properly operating the DM diagnosis, glycemic control, focus on nursing care, monitoring and follow-up. However, there were divergences regarding the post-desensitization assessment, insulin therapy regimen, and treatment of dermatological complications. Thus, AI has shown to be impactful in the context of medical practice. Conclusion: In complex cases, such as insulin hypersensitivity, AI has shown consistent approaches, even with few precedents in the literature. Thus, the tool stands out as a promising innovation, with the potential to assist in medical practice, due to its reliability and practicality.

Satisfaction survey as a tool to evaluate a Telehealth Platform

Lúcia de Fátima Nunes Freitas — 2024-11-16

Objective: To evaluate user satisfaction with the Telemedicine and Telehealth Platform. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative, and analytical study using an instrument that seeks to measure patient satisfaction with a telehealth service in a virtual environment. A self-filling form created using the Google Forms tool was used, anonymously and voluntarily, the link to which was sent via the WhatsApp Business application, following all teleservices carried out. The questionnaire was previously validated by the team from the E-Health Unit of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Pernambuco. Results: Of the 367 respondents, 304 (82.8%) rated the technical support as excellent, 340 (92.6%) rated the health professional as excellent, 316 (86.1%) had their needs met and 342 (93.2%) would use the service again. The most common difficulties were accessing the link 63 (17.2%), activating the camera and/or microphone 48 (13.1%), unstable connection 31 (8.4%). Conclusion: It is concluded that telehealth brings excellent benefits for patient care in various health specialties, a fact confirmed via numerical results and patient reports, where we obtained a high acceptance of the modality.

The importance of communication in childbirth care: Contributions to a positive perception of the experience lived by the parturient

Ana Luiza Rocha Valente — 2024-11-15

The objective of this article is to present a review of the importance of humanized communication between health professionals and parturients as a fundamental element for improving the birth experience and preventing obstetric violence. Studies on communication practices in the context of childbirth were analyzed through a narrative review of the literature. The results indicate that clear and empathetic communication significantly reduces the stress and anxiety levels of pregnant women, in addition to promoting greater satisfaction with the service. Concluding that the adoption of continuous dialogue strategies and the implementation of birth plans are important to ensure more respectful and woman-centered care, contributing to the reduction of obstetric violence practices.

Prevalence of depression in the smoking population from a municipality in the State of Sergipe, Brazil

Tarcísio Nascimento Cardoso — 2024-11-13

Smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of death and is associated with the development of serious diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular issues. In 2019, more than 8 million people died from diseases linked to tobacco use. Globally, about 22.3% of the adult population uses tobacco, while in Brazil, it is estimated that 25.6% of adults are smokers. The relationship between smoking and mental health is complex and reciprocal, with studies showing that tobacco can both contribute to and result from mental disorders, especially depression. Smokers with mental health disorders tend to consume more tobacco, worsening its impact on their mental health. The objective of this article is to present the results of a survey on the prevalence of depression in the smoking population. An exploratory, field research, was carried out, with a quantitative approach, collecting data from 96 smoking patients in the Municipality of Lagarto, State of Sergipe. The data indicated a significant correlation between the intensity of tobacco use and the severity of depressive symptoms. However, the duration of use did not show a significant impact on depression, suggesting the influence of other factors. These findings reinforce the need for public policies focused not only on reducing smoking but also on supporting smokers' mental health, with integrated interventions that include medical and psychological approaches.

The Interrelationship between Periodontal Disease and Joint Disease (Rheumatoid Arthritis): A literature review

Sérgio Lobo — 2024-11-01

The objective of this article is to establish that periodontal diseases and rheumatoid arthritis have many parameters of similarity, especially with regard to the infection that both submit the patient to and with microbiological similarity, with the pathogen Porphiromonas gingivalis as a common infectant. Therefore, both rheumatology and periodontics have worked together to increase clinical studies so that the patient can be treated with the same multifactorial in order to influence a possible potentiation between diseases. We conclude that our organism has a interrelation between all the parts, and its not different between Bucal Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Excessive use of screens in childhood and its harms

Eduardo Mendonça Tiveron — 2024-11-01

Introduction: with the advancement of technology, children's interest in electronic devices has increased, impacting their development. Therefore, the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics published recommendations for screen exposure by age group, in order to avoid negative impacts on the pediatric population. The objective of this study is to describe the consequences of excessive screen use in children. Methodology: this is a literary review with searches in the Scielo, Pubmed, Google Scholar, VHL and EBSCO Information Services databases for articles from the last 5 years that met the established inclusion criteria. Results: 3 articles show the impacts of excessive use of screens on neuropsychomotor development, 4 articles reaffirm language delay, 5 articles relate the use of screens to sleep quality, 5 articles agree on the impairment in cognition and 4 articles highlight changes visuals. Discussion: neuropsychomotor development is subject to changes that evolve through stimuli. In this sense, the abusive use of screens directly impacts language acquisition, sleep quality, social development and causes visual problems. Conclusion: the research allowed us to verify that the use of screens in children must be regulated, as the impacts related to this can appear in the long term, harming the development of this individual. Therefore, it will be possible to avoid episodes of aggression, anxiety, antisocial behavior, insomnia, language delay and visual problems.

Palliative care in the elderly person by nurses in Urgency and Emergency Services: A scope review

Rosenilda Dias da Silva — 2024-11-06

It is common for people with advanced chronic diseases, especially the elderly, to seek urgent and emergency services at some point in their lives. These services are intended to address the situation that led the person to these locations, that is, measures to improve their health status at that moment. In many of these situations, the need for dialogue with the patient and their family members is perceived, explaining the situation regarding the evolution of the disease and its future course. This article aims to identify and map in the literature what perceptions and knowledge nurses have in palliative care for elderly people in emergency and emergency services. This is a scoping review following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses – extension for scoping reviews. The contents were analyzed in their similarities and differences, emerging four categories related to PC for elderly people in emergency and emergency services, namely: Interventions and management systems in care network services, tools; Nursing inserted in an interdisciplinary approach; Practical applications in the perception and understanding of PC in elderly people by nursing; and understanding of the demographic, clinical, and epidemiological profile in emergency and urgent care services. Practical interventions in care management, tools implemented with education and appreciation of user specificities, assistance focused on a network of emergency and urgent care services that value the quality of health care for the elderly, and the search for strategies to maintain, value, and improve care between management, multidisciplinary teams, and users in palliative care provide equitable dimensioning and valuing life over death.

Analysis of adverse reactions related to the use of methylphenidate: An integrative review of the literature

Rafael Barbosa de Moura — 2024-11-16

Methylphenidate is a stimulant of the Central Nervous System (CNS) used worldwide in the treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which acts mainly by blocking the dopamine transporter (DAT), inhibiting the reuptake of dopamine by SRIs, causing improvement in ADHD symptoms. When carrying out treatment with Methylphenidate, potential adverse effects may arise. This study aimed to analyze the main adverse reactions cited in other literature on Methylphenidate, to evaluate its safety. This is an Integrative Literature Review Study, carried out from the selection of articles that covered the proposed objectives, with results that show the authors' assessments of adverse reactions related to the use of Methylphenidate. Among the effects observed, psychotic effects, speech changes, tics, cardiovascular risks, and growth retardation are associated with the use of Methylphenidate. From this, it is concluded that effects such as vascular risks, growth retardation, mania, changes in speech, and others related to psychotic effects may be present in patients undergoing treatment with Methylphenidate, impacting the quality of life of those who use it.

Postoperative pain in abdominal surgery: A review of strategies to optimize management and minimize the use of opioids

Fernanda Aparecida de Lima — 2024-11-17

The objective of the present article was to evaluate the effectiveness of post-operative pain management techniques, minimize the use of opioids, and know the respective complications of such drugs. A systematic literature review was carried out by searching the Pubmed, Lilacs, and Scielo databases, using standardized descriptors “Postoperative pain” “Pain control” and “non-opioid analgesics”, in English, and after selecting articles relevant to the study, 15 articles were reviewed. Results: The drugs, Nefopam, Parecoxib, and Ibuprofen, reduced post-operative pain and opioid use. The infusion of ropivacaine and methylprednisolone into the wound was effective but did not reduce opioid consumption. Among the blockades, the choice of an ideal blockade applied to each type of surgery shows good results. The most common medication in clinical trials was morphine (33%), and they also used standardized scales to assess postoperative pain scores, namely VAS and NRS. In addition to efficacy in minimizing opioids, some studies evaluated secondary outcomes, such as urinary retention, return to oral intake, mobilization in bed, and reduction of interleukins. However, a study focused on non-opioid techniques for a single type of surgery, separating laparoscopic and open, would have greater validity.

The effectiveness of different therapeutic managements in West Syndrome

Vitória Carvalho de Brito — 2024-11-20

West Syndrome (WS) is an epileptic encephalopathy that manifests itself in children, depending on age. It is characteristic of infantile spasms that can occur in flexion, extension, or mixed pattern. In addition to these contractions, affected individuals generally experience delayed neuropsychomotor development. Taken together, the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the patients reveals a specific interictal pattern known as hypsarrhythmia, which is an important marker for diagnosing the syndrome. Since its discovery, there has been intense debate about the most effective treatment options for WS. Adrenocorticotropic hormones, corticosteroids, valproic acid and antiepileptic drugs, such as vigabatrin, are some of the most frequently used therapeutic approaches. This present study aims to contribute to research on the best treatment strategies for West Syndrome, based on a careful analysis of 18 articles selected from the scientific platforms Scientific SciELO, PubMed and LILACS.

Treatment of recurrence of lower anterior crowding with aligners: Clinical case report

Emilly Alves da Silva — 2024-11-05

Objective: To report a clinical case about the use of orthodontic aesthetic aligners in the treatment of relapse of lower anterior dental crowding, based on a literature review. Methodology: This is a descriptive analytical clinical case report carried out at the NEO ODONTOLOGIA teaching clinic in Maceió - AL, in the specialization course in orthodontics, based on the patient's permission through the Free and Informed Consent Form to share her images for the purpose of this study. Case report: Patient R.S.F.F., female, 24 years old, leucoderma, sought the specialization course in orthodontics with the main complaint of "aligning her teeth". During the anamnesis, the patient reports having previously undergone orthodontic treatment, but notes relapse of crowding in the lower anterior region and seeks quick and more aesthetic treatment. Conclusion: Aesthetic orthodontics involving aligners, indicated for the treatment of lower anterior crowding in patients with relapse, as an alternative treatment, proved to be a favorable and effective indication for the correction of malocclusion, associated with good planning and execution, combined with technological tools and patient cooperation.

Analysis of hospital morbidity of patients with Essential Arterial Hypertension in the Northern Macroregion of the State of Maranhão between 2014 and 2024

Gabriel Henrique Pereira — 2024-11-17

Objective: To study the epidemiological profile validation of the epidemiological profile of hospitalized people with essential arterial hypertension in the northern health of Brazilian Maranhão State. Methodology: We did a descriptive epidemiological study using secondary data on arterial hypertension available in the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: 44,786 hospitalizations for essential hypertension happened in northern of the State of Maranhão. Between the rate of hospitalized patients by sex, the highest percentage for women was 61%. Most recently, the age recorded was of patients between 60 and 79 years, representing 42% of all patients. The highest average hospital stays, and daily expenses are due to the Health Region/municipio São Luís, representing an average of 5.8 days with an average hospitalization value of R$610.88. The brown patients are due to the largest population registered with morbidity. Final Considerations: I have observed that in national and international literature there are divergences in the relationship between sex and essential hypertension, however, it has been explained that the female sex has a contrast in the development of Systemic Arterial Hypertension (HAS), once it has been done several times. A Genetic and phenotypic disposition for the growth of talent in this sex. Primary health care becomes important in locating and not accompanying patients with SAH or those bordering on arterial pressure so that the secondary system does not “suffocate”, causing no expenses, that are passive to minimize.

Transmissible venereal tumor in a dog: Case report

Maria Fernanda Nascimento Peixoto — 2024-11-06

Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) is a highly contagious round-cell neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, typically sexually transmitted, that primarily affects the external genitalia of dogs, more frequently in intact males and females. The objective of this study was to report the case of a two-year-old mixed-breed female dog, treated at a veterinary clinic in Rio de Janeiro, presenting with perivulvar alterations compatible with TVT. The diagnosis was confirmed through vulvar cytology, which revealed the presence of typical round cells characteristic of TVT. Treatment was carried out using vincristine sulfate, a chemotherapeutic agent, and after two cycles, complete remission of the lesion was achieved. During the treatment, the patient developed leukopenia, a common complication of chemotherapy, which was managed with immunomodulators, allowing the therapeutic protocol to continue. The prognosis was favorable, with the patient clinically healthy at the end of the treatment. This study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and hematological monitoring during chemotherapy to ensure its effectiveness and minimize adverse effects.

Autogenous dental transplantation: A viable alternative today

Ana Luiza Fernandes Guimarães — 2024-11-17

Autologous dental transplantation is a surgical procedure that involves the transfer of a tooth, or part of a tooth, from one position to another in the same individual. This type of transplantation has a long history, dating back to ancient times, when doctors at the time made primitive attempts to replace teeth. Nowadays, autologous dental transplantation plays an important role in tooth replacement, especially in cases of dental trauma or agenesis of permanent teeth. The objective of this study is to analyze, through a narrative review, pertinent information about autologous dental transplantation, emphasizing the indications, techniques, and presenting the advantages of this transplantation in the face of early tooth loss. Therefore, analyses were carried out of scientific articles in the Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo) and PubMed platforms considered important for the chosen topic. Autologous dental transplantation is justified by the need to replace teeth in cases of traumatic loss or congenital absence. The importance of this technique lies in the fact that it offers a highly predictable and long-lasting treatment option for patients who require oral rehabilitation. Furthermore, autologous dental transplantation allows the preservation of bone tissue and the maintenance of aesthetics and masticatory function, contributing significantly to the quality of life of individuals undergoing the procedure. It is concluded that autologous dental transplantation is a viable and effective technique for tooth replacement in several cases, with the potential to offer long-lasting and satisfactory results.

Gestational diabetes mellitus: Screening, diagnosis and non-pharmacological therapy

João Pedro Arruda Pessoa — 2024-11-14

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition in the spectrum of hyperglycemia during pregnancy resulting from physiological changes during pregnancy in a predisposed mother. This condition has serious consequences for the mother-fetus binomial, such as preeclampsia and prematurity, which points to the importance of management. This study aimed to elucidate the aspects of screening, diagnosis, and non-pharmacological treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus through a review of the existing literature, using original articles and books published between 2015 and 2024, in English, German, and Portuguese. The search was carried out in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Google Scholar, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and EBSCO Information Services databases, between September and October 2024, using the keywords: “Gestational Diabetes”, “screening”, “diagnosis”, and “diet therapy”. After selection and critical reading, 25 studies were included in the review. It was observed that screening and diagnosis vary in terms of criteria and indications at the international level. In Brazil, there is a structured recommendation to carry out universal screening in order to identify pregnant women with hyperglycemia from the first prenatal visit. With regard to non-pharmacological treatment, nutritional therapy, physical activity and glycemic monitoring are recommended. This study contributes to the literature by promoting the formatting of concepts related to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), in terms of screening, diagnosis and non-pharmacological treatment.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in children – clinical picture, diagnostic methods, and treatment: A literature review

Francisco Tiago de Sousa Amaral — 2024-11-07

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition in children, characterized by the abnormal reflux of gastric contents, with variable presentations depending on age, and with potential clinical complications. This study aims to review the literature on gastroesophageal reflux disease in children, its diagnostic methods and available treatments. In addition, it is intended to be the final work of the Medical Residency in Pediatric Surgery at the State University of Piauí (UESPI). The methodology included the search for articles in databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Medline and Cochrane Library, using keywords related to the topic. Studies in Portuguese and English were selected, including original articles, systematic reviews and clinical guidelines. Exclusion criteria were applied to discard case reports and studies focusing on adults. The results indicated that the main symptoms of GERD in children vary according to age, including regurgitation, irritability, abdominal pain and respiratory difficulties. The most used diagnostic methods are esophageal pH monitoring and endoscopy, while treatment includes dietary measures, proton pump inhibitors, and surgery in severe cases. The study concluded that although there have been advances in the understanding and management of GERD in children, challenges remain, such as accurate diagnosis in atypical cases and choosing the most appropriate treatment for each age group. Further research is recommended to address these gaps and improve the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.

Analysis of risk for reintubation in patients of mechanical ventilation in a University Hospital

Mariane Pieczaki — 2024-11-07

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for reintubation in patients admitted to the intensive care units at the Regional University Hospital of Campos Gerais. Method: A prospective and observational study with the participation of 90 patients, based on clinical parameters for ventilatory weaning and possible complications. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. For analysis and presentation of central tendency and dispersion measures, median, percentage, and interquartile range were chosen. The Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between groups. The association of the sepsis variable between groups was presented in simple and relative frequency and compared using the chi-square test Results: As results, we found that 79 (87.7%) had successful extubation and 11 (12.2%) failed. Furthermore, sedation time was significantly longer in reintubated patients (p=0.009). Although not statistically significant, a positive fluid balance and the presence of sepsis were also factors suggestive of extubation failure. Conclusion: With these findings, it can be observed that the days of sedation were significantly longer in patients who were reintubated, and although there were no significant differences, the positive fluid balance and the presence of sepsis may also be suggestive of extubation failures.

Epidemiological description of burn cases reported in the state of Sergipe during the period from 2019 to 2023

Danilo Guimarães Siqueira — 2024-11-07

Introduction: Burns vary in severity, ranging from minor irritations to life-threatening injuries. The consequences of burns are multifaceted, encompassing physical, emotional, and economic impacts. In Brazil, about 1 million people suffer burns annually, with 100,000 seeking hospital care and approximately 2,500 dying from complications. Given the impact of burns, it is essential to understand data on these patients. Methodology: This is an observational study based on data analysis available from the Information and Informatics Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) under the Ministry of Health (MS). The research included all municipalities in the state of Sergipe, using a sample consisting of all burn cases (ICD-T29) reported in Sergipe from 2019 to 2023. Results: In Sergipe, from 2019 to 2023, there were 966 hospitalizations due to burns. The year 2019 had the highest number of cases. October showed the highest number of burn cases, followed by November and September. A concentration of cases was noted in the state capital, Aracaju, and its surroundings. Regarding sex distribution, males were the most affected (62.52%). The most affected age group was 20-59 years (49.89%), followed by the pediatric age group (40.89%). During this period, the mortality rate was 4.3%, with a slight downward trend over the years.

Diagnostic challenges of sporotrichosis in children: A clinical case in a patient under 2 years old

Laura Jane Monteiro de Oliveira — 2024-11-11

Introduction: Sporotrichosis is a fungal disease, caused by Sporothrix schenckii, characterized as one of the main cutaneous fungal infections and Brazil is an endemic area for the disease, mainly affecting the adult age group, and rarely children. The disease is transmitted through contact with contaminated waste inoculated onto damaged skin or mucosa. The diagnosis is clinical and can be complemented by tests. Objective: To report a pediatric clinical case of sporotrichosis in a patient under 2 years of age at the Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian (HUMAP). Methodology: It is an observational, descriptive and analytical case report, based on data collection through physical and electronic medical records through HUMAP's own system, all of which were obtained after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Female patient, 1 year and 5 months old, 15 days ago with a single papular lesion on the left upper limb that evolved into an ulcer with progressive size, clear bottom and raised edges. Initially, he was diagnosed with cutaneous Leishmaniasis and started on Glucantime, with partial improvement. During hospitalization, growth of Sporothrix was identified, and therapy was changed to Liposomal Amphotericin B. The patient evolved with significant clinical improvement of the lesion. Conclusion: Ulcerative lesions have multiple diagnoses, and the increase in infectious-parasitic diseases has highlighted flaws in preventive actions and highlighted the importance of ongoing education for health professionals and the population in order to break transmission chains.

Mapping instruments to assess and monitor the well-being and health of firefighters: Scoping review

Ednei Fernando dos Santos — 2024-11-22

The objective of this study was to identify and analyze instruments used to measure the physical and mental health and well-being of firefighters. Method: literature review, scoping review type, to support the process of evidence validation of a battery of instruments to identify and analyze the health and well-being of military firefighters, conducted in the following databases: PubMed, BIREME/Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), SCOPUS, Web of Science, Lilacs. A search was also carried out in gray literature, with a time frame of 5 years and an advanced search strategy was applied with specific descriptors DeCS/MeSH and Emtree. Results: The results indicated that some studies such as Food frequency questionnaires developed and validated in Brazil: a scoping review protocol and Development and validation of the fire service safety climate scale, with approaches to the population segment and nature of the study, can support the choice of some concepts and instruments for the elaboration of a battery of instruments specific to firefighters. Final Considerations: The review highlights the need to develop more holistic instruments that contemplate the psychosocial factors and physical challenges unique to this profession.

Chest tomographic findings in patients with COVID-19

Camille Alves Erse — 2024-11-09

This integrative review study aims to compile the main findings related to COVID-19 in computed tomography (CT) to elucidate its relevance as a complementary diagnostic test. The studies were selected from the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database using the descriptors “Tomography” AND “COVID-19” in September 2024. Review articles, incomplete studies, and those deviating from the proposed design were excluded. A total of 30 articles were identified, of which 8 were deemed eligible for full-text review. Subsequently, 6 studies were selected, and 16 additional articles were included through manual selection to complement the review. The most common tomographic findings were ground-glass opacities and consolidations, with a mixed pattern of these features becoming evident as the disease progressed. The most severe clinical presentations were associated with the appearance of "crazy-paving" (mosaic paving), diffuse ground-glass opacities combined with consolidations in more than two lobes, extensive bilateral pulmonary involvement, increased pulmonary artery diameter, and loss of normal pulmonary architecture. Even after clinical resolution, ground-glass opacities and subpleural bands were still observed, suggesting residual pulmonary impairment. Thus, it can be inferred that CT plays a fundamental role in understanding COVID-19 by demonstrating pulmonary damage at various stages of the disease and aiding in the assessment of severity, although it remains an expensive imaging modality.

Mucocele of the submandibular salivary gland in a dog: Case Report

Mariana Carneiro da Silva Lopes Pina — 2024-11-09

In terms of anatomical and physiological structure, there are four pairs of major salivary glands (parotid, zygomatic, mandibular, and sublingual) along with smaller glands scattered throughout the oral submucosa. A salivary gland mucocele is a benign condition characterized by the obstruction of Wharton's duct, caused by the accumulation of saliva in the subcutaneous epithelial tissue. This condition can have various origins and may affect the metabolism of digestion and respiration (depending on the location) in animals. It is a condition that can occur in both dogs and cats. Saliva may accumulate in the following regions: ventral cervical, sublingual, pharyngeal, parotid, or zygomatic; a pseudocystic structure forms, which is easily recognizable when it grows externally; when it is internal, it becomes a clinical finding. For diagnostic purposes, complementary tests, cytological examination, and histopathological analysis should be performed, along with a thorough history and anamnesis. The present work primarily aims to present the case of a 14-year-old mixed-breed female dog, whose main complaint was respiratory difficulty, leading to a surgical intervention to remove the pathological alteration.

Pharmaceutical Observatory Website: A contribution to pharmaceutical care

Gustavo Campos de Lima — 2024-11-24

Objectives: To describe the process of development and dissemination of the Pharmaceutical Observatory website of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the Institute of Health Sciences of the Federal University of Pará, as an innovative technological product, focusing on the production of two dashboards integrated into the platform, on Pharmaceutical Assistance and Covid-19 in the state of Pará, in addition to resulting scientific productions and technical products. Methodology: This is exploratory research, of a descriptive and analytical nature: retrospective (2018, 2019, and 2020) for the recovery of sociodemographic, epidemiological, and health service offering data and information, and cross-sectional (2020, 2021, and 2022) for the situational diagnosis of pharmaceutical assistance of the 144 municipalities of the state of Pará, adopting the precepts of Action Research. Results and Discussion: Dashboards on the situational diagnosis of the Institutionalization of Pharmaceutical Assistance in the 144 municipalities of the State of Pará and on the profile of indicators on the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in the 13 Health regions of Pará. Conclusion: The Pharmaceutical Observatory of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the Institute of Health Sciences of the Federal University of Pará is a potential strategy for knowledge dissemination about Pharmaceutical Assistance in the context of Public Health in Pará State.

Sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with Multiple Myeloma treated in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul

Enzo Castro Lima — 2024-11-11

Introduction: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm related to the bone marrow. It affects several sites, producing varied and non-specific symptoms that make diagnosis difficult. Most patients are over 60 years old and consequently have comorbidities. Treatment protocols are evolving, but the drugs used still have toxic potential, causing significant adverse effects. The objective was to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients diagnosed with MM and the main adverse effects observed after starting treatment. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study was carried out with patients with MM treated at a Passo Fundo hospital (RS). Interviews were conducted using a questionnaire and electronic medical records were analyzed. Results: there was a predominance of males, with a median age of 60.4 years and white color. Systemic arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases were the predominant comorbidities. The effects of the chemotherapy drugs can compromise quality of life and lead to poor patient compliance, so it is important to know the profile and individualize each therapy. The most used treatment protocol was Bortezomib+Cyclophosphamide+Dexamethasone (VCD). The most common side effects were loss of appetite, weight loss, headache, and neuropathy. Conclusion: This is an increasingly prevalent disease due to the aging population. Knowing more about patients' profiles can facilitate diagnosis, speed up neoplastic control, and allow for better allocation of public health resources.

Effects of thalassemia major and minor on bone density and skeletal development

Renato Alves Nunes — 2024-11-11

The effects of thalassemia major and minor on bone density and skeletal development can have negative impacts on affected individuals when compared to the general population. It is therefore of interest to investigate the impact of these hematological disorders on bone density and skeletal development, and how these effects compare with each other and with healthy individuals. The aim of this article is therefore to present a systematic review of the effects of thalassemia major and minor on bone density and skeletal development. Initially, 11 articles were found in the Pubmed, Cochrane and BvSalud databases. Of these, we included articles that assessed patients with thalassemia major and minor, used methods to assess bone density and skeletal development, and compared the results with healthy individuals; and excluded studies that did not distinguish between thalassemia major and minor, did not use validated assessment techniques or did not present comparative data; a total of 5 articles were used. The studies reviewed point to a substantial impairment of bone formation and maintenance in individuals and animal models with thalassemia, showing that alterations in osteoblastic function and an increase in osteoclastic activity contribute to an imbalance in the bone remodeling process, although further studies are needed to clarify this.

Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome: Literature review

Pedro Augusto Malaquias Teixeira — 2024-11-16

Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CCDS) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition affecting elderly dogs, with neuropathological features similar to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in humans. CCDS is characterized by cerebral changes such as beta-amyloid plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss, leading to behavioral changes, including disorientation, sleep-wake cycle disturbances, and cognitive decline. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and is facilitated by specific assessment scales, such as the Canine Dementia Scale (CADES). Therapeutic approaches encompass both pharmacological treatments, like selegiline and antioxidants, and non-pharmacological interventions, such as environmental enrichment and cognitive stimulation. This study aims to review existing literature on CCDS, exploring the syndrome's etiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects. The methodology included a systematic search of scientific articles in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases using terms related to CCDS and neurodegeneration. Clinical and comparative studies with Alzheimer's Disease in humans were reviewed. Findings suggest that innovative interventions, such as photobiomodulation and stem cell therapies, show promise but require further validation.

Prevalence of dispensing compounded formulations based on plant active ingredients to reduce body weight in a pharmacy in the Municipality of Cascavel, State of Paraná (PR), Brazil

Emily Hermogene de Oliveira — 2024-11-13

Overweight and obesity, affecting about 60% of the adult population in Brazil, represent a growing public health issue. Driven by aesthetic standards, many people seek quick weight loss methods, resorting to diets and substances without professional guidance. In this context, plant-based compounds such as berberine, horsetail, garcinia, and morosil have gained prominence in compounded formulations for weight control due to their metabolic, lipolytic, antioxidant, and diuretic properties. This article aims to provide information about the products most demanded by the population and promote awareness about the rational use of weight loss formulations. This study analyzed the prevalence and composition of compounded formulations based on plant-based compounds in a pharmacy in the Municipality of Cascavel-PR, with dispensing data from January to December 2023. Among the 25 compounds evaluated, berberine was the most used (20.71%), and caffeine was the least frequent (3.0%). A seasonal demand was observed, with peaks in June and December, possibly influenced by cultural factors, and nutritionists were responsible for 51.52% of the dispensations. The analysis suggests that the high use of certain compounds reflects both market trends and patients' perceptions of these components' efficacy. However, using plant-based compounds without guidance can result in unwanted effects, underscoring the need for awareness of safe usage based on scientific evidence and professional supervision.

Interventions to improve pharmaceutical care: Scope review

Lucas Pantoja Gonçalves — 2024-11-23

Objective: To map types of organizational, financial, professional, governmental/regulatory, and multifaceted interventions used to improve pharmaceutical services. Methodology: This is a scoping review. An appropriate method when literature mapping focused on a specific field of interest is required; with a time, frame between 2018 and 2023. Results: Two studies on political and regulatory interventions were retrieved; three on organizational interventions regarding the use of information and communication technologies; eight on organizational interventions regarding the planning and technical/clinical management of medicines; seven on professional interventions: aimed at professionals, users, and caregivers; three on financial interventions; five on multifaceted interventions. Conclusion: Finally, it can be inferred that professional, organizational, regulatory, financial, and multifaceted interventions have varied impacts on improving the technical management of pharmaceutical services and the clinical management of medicines; that is, on the provision of quality pharmaceutical services.

Human resource management in healthcare: A review

Daniel Galdino de Araújo Pereira — 2024-11-15

Human resource management in healthcare plays a crucial role in service quality and professional satisfaction, directly impacting the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare systems. This study aimed to analyze and synthesize approaches and practices in human resource management within the sector, focusing on identifying key challenges, strategies, and trends that could enhance organizational performance and service quality. To this end, an integrative literature review was conducted using the database SciELO, PubMed, and Medline, employing specific descriptors connected through Boolean operators. The research was temporally delimited and followed inclusion and exclusion criteria for article selection, resulting in 12 scientific studies that supported the proposed discussion. The findings highlight the importance of adopting practices that promote continuous development and employee well-being, fostering a healthier work environment that reflects operational efficiency and patient safety.

Influence of kombucha tea use on glycemic regulation: A literature review

Taís Benvindo de Castro — 2024-11-16

In recent years, kombucha has become quite popular, with a global market moving around 1.7 billion dollars in 2019 and with an expected annual growth of 20%. In this context, it is important to note that kombucha is quite important, suggesting better ways to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, anxiety, depression, bacterial infections and diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the effect of kombucha consumption on blood glucose regulation, using an integrative literature review, with research in databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, selecting relevant articles through specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. We also analyzed studies that examined the glycemic effects of kombucha in experimental models, showing that regular consumption can reduce blood glucose and improve insulin sensitivity. The results will show that, due to bioactive composts, such as organic acids and polyphenols, kombucha has antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic properties. In some studies, the effects are compared to years of antidiabetic medications. However, it is worth noting that it has long-term benefits for humans. In conclusion, research suggests that kombucha has potential as a functional food for glycemic control, providing more evidence that is necessary to consolidate its therapeutic efficacy.

The contribution of dance to the development of motor balance of elementary school 1: An integrative review

Sergiane Ferreira Menezes — 2024-11-16

In childhood, the repertoire of movements is strengthened, therefore, sensory integration through dance is an excellent opportunity for the development of motor skills, and special and body perception, in addition to the child having the opportunity to explore the limits of their body. Therefore, teaching through dance is not just a cultural symbol or a form of expression, but a tool that contributes to basic skills, such as “motor balance”. Starting from this scenario, this study aimed at a qualitative strategy, of a descriptive nature, through a literary review, taking as a starting point the objective of this research - which is to verify, through an integrative analysis, studies that address how dance contributes in the development of motor balance in elementary school students, as well as contextualizing the fundamentals of dance, motor balance and their insertion in Physical Education classes, directly benefiting readers and future teachers in the area of Physical Education. It is worth mentioning that the study seeks to bring reflections to interested parties about the contribution of dance in Physical Education, which is so undervalued, as in schools dance is only expressed as a form of entertainment, at events. With this study, it is possible to understand that dance goes beyond this and can contribute to the educational development of students.

Long-term rebound effect in patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment for breast cancer: literature review

Luiz Alves da Siva Neto — 2024-11-24

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women in Brazil. Its treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiotherapy, depending on the stage of the disease and the characteristics of the tumor. Radiotherapy is essential to eliminate residual cancer cells and reduce recurrences, which can have the “rebound effect,” where the cancer returns after an apparent remission due to the resistance of some cells to the treatment. Additionally, it can cause “tissue pull-back,” a retraction of irradiated tissues leading to fibrosis and aesthetic changes, negatively impacting the patient’s quality of life. Advancements such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (imrt) have been developed to minimize these effects, but clinical monitoring and rehabilitation, such as physiotherapy, are essential to reduce discomfort and improve prognosis. Early screening, recommended for women aged 50 to 69, is crucial for earlier diagnoses, increasing the chances of cure. This study aims to provide a literature review on the impact of the rebound effect and how it affects the quality of life of breast cancer patients who have undergone radiotherapy. The research followed a qualitative approach, using the SciELO, PubMed, and Lilacs databases for data collection. Despite the side effects, radiotherapy is an important treatment in the fight against breast cancer. Technological innovations have reduced negative impacts, and the benefits outweigh the disadvantages, if the decision is personalized for each patient.

The intensification of the use of screens and repercussions on children's neuropsychomotor development

Gabriela Chaves Thomaz — 2024-11-20

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between screen time and delays in neuropsychomotor development. Methodology: Children aged 0 to 12 years old, treated at a pediatric outpatient clinic were assessed. A questionnaire was applied to highlight screen time, the age at which neurological development milestones occurred, sex, age, gestational and prenatal data, social status, maternal education, and personal morbid history. Children with pathologies that affect neuropsychomotor development were excluded. The Denver II scale, Minimental State Examination, Language Milestones, and Vygotsky Test were applied in neurological development evaluation. Results: 35 children were included. Intensified use of screens was observed in 88.7%, of which 13.8% in the age group (0-23 months and 29 days), 16.6% (24-59 months and 29 days), and 58.3 (60 to 144 months). The Denver II test applied to children aged 0 to 60 months showed that 38.4% had delayed psychomotor development. The Minimental applied to 18 children over 72 months showed delayed psychomotor development in 50%. Of the 35 children assessed, 40% had delayed psychomotor development and of these, 78.6% had increased use of screens as a risk factor. Conclusions: The study showed an increase in hours spent using screens in the age group studied, being more intensified in the age group over 60 months, and that this factor, having ruled out other interfering variables, may be implicated in the high percentage of children with delay found in the study.

The use of laser therapy as an alternative in the treatment of pressure injuries: Integrative review

Júlia Sales da Silva — 2024-11-18

Pressure Injury is characterized by skin damage and soft tissue due to prolonged or intense pressure, resulting in ischemic lesions. The present study aimed to evaluate and synthesize the evidence about laser therapy's effectiveness in pressure treatment of injuries. It was an integrative literature review conducted in March 2024 using SciELO, VHL, PubMed, and CAPES Journals. Laser therapy is considered a therapeutic modality based on the laser application of light directly to the lesion area, resulting in analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing effects, having biochemical, bioelectric, and bioenergetic effects. At the end of the study, it was observed that laser therapy used in pressure treatment of injuries presented significantly positive results, providing several benefits to patients. Laser therapy has proven to be a highly viable non-invasive alternative for injury management, standing out for its therapeutic efficacy.

Evaluation of the pharmacological repositioning of semaglutide in the weight loss process: A literature review

Juliano Policarpio Moura — 2024-11-18

Obesity, a condition that has tripled globally since the 1970s, currently affects about 40% of the adult population, with 13% classified as obese. This increase is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications, the leading cause of death among obese individuals, and also generates high healthcare costs. In the treatment context, semaglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, emerges as a promising innovation for weight loss.Initially approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, semaglutide has also shown efficacy in reducing body weight. The drug works by regulating hyperglycemia and decreasing appetite, especially when combined with diet and physical exercise. Studies such as STEP 1 and STEP 2 demonstrate significant weight loss in populations with obesity and diabetes. However, gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, are common concerns, as well as the high cost of treatment.Semaglutide offers an effective alternative to medications like orlistat and liraglutide, with the advantage of weekly administration. However, long-term safety and financial accessibility remain significant challenges that require continuous attention in research and clinical practice. This article aims to evaluate, through a literature review, the pharmacological repositioning of semaglutide as a weight-loss agent, discussing its mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety, and potential impact on obesity management in different populations. The article was conducted based on a narrative literature review.

A comparasion between artificial intelligence and radiologists in the field of interpretation of image exams

Giovanna Bastos Prado de Melo — 2024-11-20

In the field of imaging interpretation, radiologists combine clinical and technical expertise to achieve an accurate diagnosis. On the other hand, artificial intelligence (AI) can process and combine large volumes of data. In addition, it is questioned what would be the role of AI in the field of radiology when compared to radiologists. The present study seeks to make a comparison between artificial intelligence and radiologists in the field of interpretation of imaging exams by means of a literature review, which used the PubMed, SciELO and Fiocruz databases as research means. There are studies that prove that currently some artificial intelligence databases based on "deep learning" are still not sufficient to achieve diagnostic imaging results higher than 80% sensitivity, taking as a comparison the sensitivity of standard exams without artificial intelligence interpretation. The conclusion was that there are indications that AI can achieve levels of accuracy similar to or higher than those of radiologists under certain conditions. However, the joint participation between humans and artificial intelligence increases the sensitivity of imaging exams, as well as accuracy.

Clinical practices in the management of childhood polytraumatism

Karen Alves de Sousa — 2024-11-20

This research aimed to identify and analyze the most effective clinical practices in the management of childhood polytrauma. To carry out the data collection, the main scientific and academic databases that offer access to peer-reviewed articles and relevant studies were selected. The databases included were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS. These databases were chosen due to their scope and the quality of the publications they index, ensuring the inclusion of relevant and up-to-date studies on the topic. The review of clinical practices in the management of childhood polytrauma showed that the systematic application of screening protocols, the advanced use of imaging technologies and early intervention are fundamental to improving clinical outcomes. The analysis revealed that Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and chest drainage practices, among other approaches, have demonstrated significant effectiveness in reducing mortality and improving the functional recovery of child victims of trauma. Furthermore, collaboration between multidisciplinary teams and the implementation of individualized rehabilitation programs contribute significantly to the quality of care and ongoing support during recovery. However, the research identified several limitations, including variation in guidelines and protocols between different institutions and regions, and the persistence of outdated practices in some centers. These inconsistencies can lead to discrepancies in clinical results and highlight the need for greater uniformity and continuous updating in clinical practices.

Relationship between electronic cigarettes and oral cancer: A literature review

Anderson Michael Jaramillo Castillo — 2024-11-23

The aim of this study is to establish the relationship between the use of electronic cigarettes and the incidence of oral cancer, evaluating the chemical components, biological mechanisms and associated toxic effects. A comprehensive review of the scientific literature was carried out, analyzing studies published between 2018 and 2024. The results indicate that electronic cigarette aerosols contain chemicals that can break down into toxic compounds such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, known carcinogens. These compounds, when inhaled, can induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in the cells of the oral cavity, generating DNA damage and increasing the risk of oral cancer. In addition, the alteration of the oral microbiome by the use of electronic cigarettes can favor the growth of pathogenic bacteria that are associated with periodontal diseases and caries, and that could contribute to the development of oral cancer through mechanisms of chronic inflammation and production of carcinogenic metabolites. We conclude that although e-cigarettes are presented as a less harmful alternative compared to traditional cigarettes, current findings indicate that they are not free from significant risks to oral health, highlighting the need for greater monitoring and regulation of their use.

Advantages of fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle farming

Nicolle Lima Basilio — 2024-11-03

The objective of this research is to present a study on fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) for beef cattle. A descriptive, qualitative study of a narrative literature review was carried out. IATF is an assisted reproduction technique that has significantly improved reproductive management on farms, relying on physiological and endocrinological principles to increase reproductive efficiency and profitability. It allows all reproductively capable cows to be inseminated at the same time, without having to monitor estrus individually, resulting in a higher service rate and accelerated pregnancy. Increased productivity and profitability: with a higher pregnancy rate and a reduced calving interval, there is an increase in the number of calves produced per year, increasing the productivity of the herd and, consequently, the profitability of livestock farming. Finally, it is known that TAI can reduce the incidence of health problems associated with heat detection, such as uterine diseases and physical injuries. Furthermore, by allowing a more uniform calving interval, it can improve animal welfare by reducing stress caused by prolonged or irregular estrous cycles.

Development of a climate monitoring system to compare climate quality in areas with different levels of vegetation cover in the municipality of Assú, state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil

Izabel Tayná Nogueira — 2024-11-05

This research aims to compare climatic conditions in different areas of the municipality of Assú/RN, located in the Brazilian Caatinga. A low-cost climate monitoring system was developed to detect significant differences in the climate of degraded and preserved areas. To achieve the objective, the research followed the following steps: 1) Delimitation of the study area (three experimental units were demarcated: Floresta Nacional de Açu - FLONA, Urban Area - AU, and Degraded Rural Area - ARD); 2) Development and implementation of the prototype with hardware and software; 3) Data analysis and discussion, using the Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests to check for normality and homogeneity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) detected significant differences between the areas, with p < 0.05, followed by the Tukey test to determine which experimental units differed significantly from each other. All statistical analyses presented in the research were conducted using R Software. FLONA showed the most favorable climatic indices, with lower temperatures, higher relative humidity, lower CO2 concentration, and UV radiation values consistent with the season. The area also plays a crucial role in combating the desertification of the Caatinga, and its expansion, advocated by ICMBio, is of utmost importance in promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, encouraging environmental education, and fostering scientific research.

Teaching methodologies in Genetics: A literature review on the content of ABO and Rh Systems

Kamila Coêlho de Sousa — 2024-11-11

The use of various teaching approaches can improve the understanding of the ABO and Rh systems content in the teaching of Genetics, given the complexity and abstract nature of these topics addressed in the classroom. It is up to teachers to seek more playful ways to explore these subjects, such as actions, methods, or environments that encourage learning and development through fun, interactive, and stimulating activities, using different methodologies to facilitate students' comprehension. This study is a literature review focused on the use of teaching methodologies in Genetics, specifically on the ABO and Rh systems. The objective was to identify the methodologies employed in high schools and to contribute to discussions on how to promote more effective teaching of these topics, enhancing students' learning techniques. For this purpose, a search was conducted on the Google Scholar platform, and after analysis, 28 articles were selected for this review. The exploration of academic sources allowed for the analysis of the effectiveness and impact of methodologies such as practical activities, technological resources (digital games, software, applications), and didactic sequences on the understanding of genetic concepts. The research highlighted the importance of these methodologies in making teaching more accessible, stimulating student engagement, and catering to different learning styles. By synthesizing the contributions of specialized literature, this study offers valuable insights for educators and researchers interested in improving the quality of Genetics teaching through innovative and effective approaches.

Equine cutaneous habronemosis in a pregnant mare – case report

Jeneis Antonio do Amaral Junior — 2024-11-17

Cutaneous habronemiasis is a disease that affects the skin of horses through the deposition of Habronema spp larvae. The wounds have granulomatous characteristics and are difficult to heal. Treatment can be carried out through surgical removal of the affected tissue and with dewormers to control the vectors, the study in question addresses a non-surgical alternative using copper sulfate as a form of wound debridement. This article aimed to present a case report of equine habronemiasis in a pregnant mare. The animal was treated at a specialized equine clinic in the city of Cacoal/RO, and showed no significant changes on clinical examination, with only ulcerative wounds being observed on the body. The treatment had positive results, and the animal was discharged after 58 days.

Phytosanitary practices adopted by small vegetable and fruit producers in the Sobradinho Area in Uberlandia Municipality, Minas Gerais (MG) State, Brazil

Ana Flávia de Melo Coelho — 2024-11-15

The production of vegetables and fruit is essential for small farmers in Minas Gerais. Many of these producers only use chemical products to control pests and diseases. However, inappropriate use, such as applying at the wrong time or in the wrong doses, can cause resistance in insects and fungi. This leads to the need to use larger quantities of products and the development of new products, which are more harmful to the environment and to beneficial insects. This investigation aims to understand the phytosanitary aspects and management practices of small-scale vegetable and fruit producers in the Sobradinho region of Uberlândia - MG. It also aims to provide information and guidance on different ways of controlling pests and diseases. A social survey (carried out with people) was carried out using questionnaires composed of open and structured questions, addressing the socio-educational profile of farmers, production practices and the species of vegetables and fruit grown. The data was collected through questionnaires sent electronically and through face-to-face visits. During the project, eight producers were interviewed, who expressed a great need for information on sustainable practices and effective alternatives for phytosanitary management.

Teaching methodologies on Human Anatomy and Physiology in Youth and Adult Education (EJA): Integrative literature review

Flávia Jesus Santos — 2024-11-18

This article investigates the methodologies used in teaching Human Anatomy and Physiology in Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in Brazil, focusing on pedagogical practices that promote student retention and academic success. Given the high dropout rates and diverse student backgrounds, EJA requires differentiated methodologies that respect the experiences and realities of its students. This article aims to analyze, using an integrative review, the teaching methodologies of Human Anatomy and Physiology at EJA used between 2012 and 2022. Pedagogical practices and teacher training in this area were examined, identifying a scarcity of studies specifically addressing the teaching of Biological Sciences in EJA, particularly in Anatomy and Physiology. Results indicate that teaching these subjects in EJA remains superficial due to a lack of active and contextualized methodologies, suggesting an important theoretical area to explore. This area integrates teacher training, skill development, and methodological innovations to promote a pedagogical approach that goes beyond technicism and meets the specific needs of EJA students.

Anthropomorphism and its impacts on dog welfare: A systematic review of the psychophysiological implications of the human-animal relationship

Ayanne Cybelle Ferreira de Araújo — 2024-11-01

The central objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of anthropomorphic practices, their motivations and impacts on the physical, behavioral, and emotional well-being of dogs, promoting a deeper understanding of this phenomenon and contributing to the advancement of academic knowledge and awareness of this issue. A systematic review was conducted on the proposed topic, exploring the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO, and Google Scholar, using the search terms: "Humanization," "Anthropomorphism," "Anthropomorphization," "Well-being," "Animal," and "Dogs." These same terms were also used in their English translations. The inclusion criteria were: (1) written in Portuguese or English, (2) published between 2014 and 2024, (3) the focus of the research was solely on the canine species, (4) with free access. The exclusion criteria considered: (1) literature reviews and monographs, (2) duplicated articles, or (3) when the objective was other animal species. Thirteen articles were selected. It was observed that 38.46% had a behavioral focus, highlighting separation anxiety (SA) as one of the main psychological aspects; 46.15% focused on nutritional changes, such as obesity and intestinal problems, and 15.38% emphasized the intrinsic effects of humanization on brachycephalic breeds, due to changes from genetic selection. From this analysis, it is concluded that the implications of humanization are multifaceted. The relevance of a deep understanding of the individual characteristics of each species and the integration among veterinarians, guardians, and animals is emphasized as a fundamental pillar to ensure a conducive environment for the health and well-being of dogs.

Critical evaluation of in natura sashimi products quality during Covid-19 pandemic

Jane Silva Maia Castro — 2024-11-08

To emphasize the importance of quality food for health and immunity during COVID-19, this study evaluated raw fish quality from oriental cuisine delivery. From 75 orders, 29 samples of sashimi (salmon and tuna) suggested some deterioration, being subjected to quality analyses (pH, TVB-N, NH3, H2S, TBARs and biogenic amines). pH values varied between 5.7 to 8.4 in salmon and 5.4 to 6.6 in tuna. The values in salmon and tuna for TVB-N (between 10.00 and 40.00 mg/100gN), histamine (0.00 and 7.50 µg/g) and cadaverine (0.00 and 15.00 µg/g) was presented, respectively. Ammonia and H2S appeared in 93.1 and 31 % for salmon, and 15.8 and 10.5 % for tuna, respectively. while the lipid oxidation average was 0.60 and 1.14 mg MAEq /kg, respectively From the results obtained, refrigeration and freezing are essential for handling raw fish, preserving freshness, ensuring safety, and extending shelf life. Clearly, results of fish quality has shown a lack of organization in food delivered system. For that, simple and inexpensive methods can used to evaluate fish quality. Thus, sanitary surveillance can improve systemic efficiency to protect public health to be prepared for future crisis events.

Use of Nile Tilapia in mandibular reconstruction of a cat - case report

Beatriz de Jesus Lima — 2024-11-18

Nile tilapia, due to its regenerative properties and biocompatibility, is emerging as a promising alternative in veterinary medicine. The use of tilapia has received attention due to its composition rich in collagen, a component known for its ability to guide and define most tissues. This study aims to present a case report with an innovative approach to the treatment of mandibular fractures in felines, using Nile tilapia skin as a biological dressing associated with the technique of fixation of the mental symphysis by cerclage and the use of an advancement flap in the reconstruction of the mandible. The results demonstrated efficient healing and reduction of postoperative complications, evidencing the therapeutic potential of this approach in veterinary medicine. The use of tilapia skin proved to be a crucial element in the treatment, providing satisfactory results and accelerating the animal's recovery. This case reinforces the importance of searching for innovative and effective approaches in the treatment of injuries in animals, contributing to the continuous improvement of veterinary care.

Case report: Hyperesthesia in a feline, in the municipality of Cacoal-RO in 2024

Emily Lorrainy Nunes Pedro — 2024-11-14

Feline hyperesthesia, often referred to as waving skin syndrome or nervous cat disease, is a rare and still poorly understood condition that affects cats. The main symptoms include hypersensitivity, muscle spasms, excessive licking, and other abnormal behaviors. Diagnosis is challenging and usually involves a combination of clinical history, physical examinations, and exclusion of other conditions that may present similar symptoms. Thus, this report aims to describe a case of feline hyperesthesia treated in Cacoal-RO, where the diagnosis was made through the analysis of clinical signs, laboratory test results, and anamnesis. The therapeutic management involved the use of dipyrone, tramadol, midazolam, and dexamethasone, highlighting the importance of a multimodal approach for controlling pain, inflammation, and anxiety, with the aim of improving the animal's quality of life.

Technologies in Distance Education: Challenges and perspectives in the brazilian educational system

Marcos Antonio Evangelista — 2024-11-14

This research aims to reflect on the new technologies applied in the Brazilian educational system and the use of VLE in distance learning. Methodology, this is a narrative bibliographic review of a qualitative nature. This investigation presented concepts of distance education and the possibilities, challenges, and perspectives of using educational technologies in distance learning. Distance education is training in which teaching-learning activities occur regardless of students and teachers being together in the same place or time. Several concepts define EAD and mention the technologies used to assist the education process. We can define distance education as a form of education in which learning is carried out at a distance, physical and temporal, mediated by a technology tool responsible for allowing communication and interaction between participants. Research shows that technology enables communication between students and teachers, as they are not together in a room like in conventional education. Most of the courses offered at a distance, despite using advanced and modern technologies, continue to be based on outdated pedagogical practices, focusing on informative and instructive aspects, when they should address the constructive, creative, and reflective ways related to the process of learning and issues involving the development of knowledge.

An experience report on the effectiveness of Active Methodologies in the pedagogical residency program

Jarielson Silva Acioli — 2024-11-15

The research lists the experience of the scholarship resident in their initial improvement process and performance as a teacher through the Pedagogical Residency Program (PRP), highlighting the main pedagogical developments in the classroom in this theoretical-practical journey of preparation for teaching. The purpose of the investigation is to list performance when dealing with pedagogical planning, performance in the classroom, student management and the application of active methodologies. Furthermore, identify the opportunities that arose during this period of adaptation in teaching responsibilities and the school environment. In addition to sharing their experience of learning acquired throughout the PRP, the report described here highlights the PRP as an important resource, not only theoretical, but also practical in improving the professional training of the graduate.

Plant physiology: An investigative study of photosynthesis at the base of the food chain

Marlucia Ximenes Oliveira — 2024-11-17

The study conducted at a public school in Campo Maior, Piauí, aimed to improve the teaching of botany by addressing plant physiology, with a focus on photosynthesis, highlighted as the foundation of the food chain. This area of knowledge, often considered complex and abstract, was approached in a way to facilitate students' understanding. The research involved two second-year high school classes, using a methodology that combined observation, playfulness, experimentation, and terrarium assembly. The activities began with a walk through the school's gardens, allowing students to reflect on the characteristics of plants and their role in ecosystems, and culminated in the construction of a food chain. Subsequently, a playful video was used to explain the stages of photosynthesis, followed by practical activities in the science laboratory, where students assembled closed terrariums to consolidate their learning. At the end, a questionnaire was applied to assess the students' comprehension. The results indicated that most students came to better understand the importance of plants in sustaining life and ecosystems. The study demonstrates that innovative pedagogical approaches, combined with experimental practices, make complex topics more accessible and relevant, fostering meaningful learning in botany.

Teaching with special students at the Professora Zélia Flexa da Silva School, in the municipality of Magalhães Barata, Pará State – Brazil

Candida Celia Cesar Teles — 2024-11-09

This production tries to highlight the special education that has been gaining space in regular schools. However, it cannot be said that this walk was a carpet of flowers in view of finding thorns, which have been trimmed until today, amid the perceptions of the different horizons of teaching challenges to work on learning with students in the Specialized Educational Service - AEE room. Objective: to present the results of the teaching work in special rooms of the Professora Zélia Flexa da Silva School, in the municipality of Magalhães Barata, in the state of Pará. Methodology: field research, social (done with people), of a quantitative-qualitative nature, with a descriptive approach carried out at the Professora Zélia Flexa da Silva School, in the municipality of Magalhães Barata/Pa. Results: the sample consisted of the participation of 10 (ten) teachers who work with special students at the Professora Zélia Flexa da Silva School, in the municipality of Magalhães Barata/PA. Final Considerations: It was found that the challenges of teachers in the Specialized Educational Service room begin with the fear of this teacher, not feeling competent with the attributions imposed on him, as well as identifying in the common rooms this student who needs to be assisted, making relational contact with the family and organizing the entire apparatus of pedagogical resources, using strategies that ensure the accessibility of this student considering the individuality, potentiality and ability for this student to advance and succeed in his educational path.

Social challenges of building education for Young People, Adults and the Elderly (EJAí): Reflections on Brazilian Legislation and Education

Emerson Andion Souza Soares — 2024-11-23

The aim of this article is to reflect on the education of young people, adults and the elderly today and how Brazilian legislation should guarantee adequate education for this public. Thus, it reads official documents to understand the trajectory of public policies aimed at adults in Brazil. To this end, we read theoretical contributions such as Carneiro, Souza, Sales, Freire, the Law of Guidelines and Bases (LDB) and the Brazilian Constitution of 1988.

Student Protagonism and Extension Curricularization: A necessary debate

Daiane Toigo Trentin — 2024-11-16

The inclusion of extension in undergraduate curricula has been permeating debates on higher education in Brazil. This practice integrates extension activities into undergraduate curricula, promoting interaction between academia and society and leveraging student protagonism. In this context, this article seeks to discuss the role of students in the extension curricularization process at the Federal Institutes through an analysis of the PPCs of the designated courses. The research is characterized as qualitative-descriptive and was carried out through documentary analysis. Data analysis was based on Content Analysis and was carried out using ATLAS.ti software. The coded registration units were: a) extension curricularization and b) student protagonism. After analyzing the selected texts, it emerged that most of the excerpts dealt with normative aspects related to citations of existing legislation, disregarding important aspects such as the institution's conception of Extension and, especially, student participation in these activities. With regard to the proposed objective, it was observed that student participation is a topic far removed from the understanding of the practice of Extension expressed in the PPCs, and that it is necessary to advance discussions and proposals aimed at increasing student protagonism in the Extension curricularization process.

Process analysis of a toothpaste production line for material waste reduction

Julia Bachini da Costa — 2024-11-19

This investigation aims to identify one of the main production losses in a toothpaste production line to optimize the production process and thereby reduce the amount of industrial waste generated. The study used analytical tools like brainstorming, 5W2H, and Time and Motion Observation to identify the main problems. The analysis revealed that the line lost toothpaste tubes at the end of each production order due to the lack of a standard procedure and insufficient production control. To identify causes, we used methods like the Ishikawa Diagram and the “5 Whys”, which identified overproduction as the main contributing factor to material disposal. The action plan followed the PDCA cycle, established standardized procedures, and created a counting and communication system between the equipment. Implementing these improvements, there was a 78% reduction in the amount of discarded material and a 51-minute increase in the operator's productive capacity. Project management was facilitated using the Gantt Chart, which helped identify and overcome bottlenecks throughout the study, despite a slight extension in the estimated delivery time. This paper demonstrates how using methodologies and concepts from Production Engineering, such as Process Analysis, Quality Management, Project Management, Production Control, and Sustainability, can lead to notable enhancements in the efficiency and sustainability of industrial operations.

Reflection on nursing care for women in abortive situations: Challenges and perspectives

Liliane de Souza Santos — 2024-11-05

Abortion, a phenomenon involving the interruption of pregnancy, can occur spontaneously or be induced and is surrounded by cultural, political, and ethical controversies. In Brazil, abortion is illegal except in specific cases, which leads many women to seek unsafe methods, exposing themselves to significant risks. The objective of this article is to present a study on women’s perceptions of the nursing care received during and after abortion, considering the fundamental role of nursing professionals in providing humanized and holistic care. Using a narrative literature review, existing knowledge on the topic was analyzed, highlighting socioeconomic, cultural, and demographic factors influencing abortion. It was found that nursing care should go beyond physical care, encompassing emotional and social aspects, promoting ethical and empathetic support. It is concluded that strengthening humanized health practices is essential to improve the quality of care provided to women undergoing abortion, as well as to reduce the physical and emotional impacts of this experience.

Laser therapy in the rehabilitation of orofacial diseases in Pediatric Dentistry

Vitória Cristina Vieira Farias Nascimento — 2024-11-15

Introduction: Laser, the amplification of light by stimulated emission of radiation, originated from the abbreviation Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, which in Brazilian Portuguese means Luz Amplificada pela Emissão Estimulada de Radiação. The laser has specific characteristics, such as the amount of energy and wavelengths suitable for penetrating tissues and exerting an effective influence on the synthesis, release, and metabolism of various substances involved in analgesia. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and benefits of low-intensity laser therapy in the rehabilitation of orofacial diseases in pediatric dental patients, considering its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and biostimulatory effects. Methodology: This was an integrative review, with a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory approach, highlighted by an integrative, systematic, and qualified analysis developed through research in online databases, BIREME and PUBMED, using pre-selected keywords, resulting in indexed research from the period 2020 to 2024. Results: gather the main findings in the literature on the topic. The discussion compares the results obtained in this integrative review with the results of other authors on the same subject. Conclusion: The positive experience provided by laser therapy tends to increase the confidence and collaboration of young patients during procedures, making treatment more efficient and improving the child's relationship with the dental environment. This represents a significant advancement in terms of comfort and treatment adherence in pediatric dentistry.

Use of propolis in the oral cavity in cancer patients: A literature review

Mirele Edlânia dos Santos Madeiro — 2024-11-17

The presence of oral alterations in cancer patients is frequent, due to the aggressiveness of chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatment, causing discomfort, pain, and worsening of quality of life. Adjuvant therapies that help prevent or minimize these alterations are frequently used, such as herbal medicines. Propolis is an herbal compound of choice for the auxiliary treatment of side effects of cancer therapies, due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The objective of this literature review was to address the use of propolis in cancer patients as a way of preventing or treating the adverse effects caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. For this purpose, articles from the PUBMED, LILACS, and SCIELO databases, published between 2014 and 2024, in Portuguese, Spanish, and English, were selected. Review studies, experimental research, and case reports were selected, excluding opinion articles and monographs. The mechanism of action of propolis as an adjuvant in cancer treatment has demonstrated the potential to induce cell apoptosis, enhancing the beneficial effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, its use should be cautious, since prolonged use or in high doses can cause adverse reactions of hypersensitivity and toxicity. Its use is contraindicated for patients with a history of allergy to bee products, and those using anticoagulants. In short, propolis emerges as a promising resource in oncology, with the capacity to contribute significantly to the well-being and quality of life of patients during cancer treatment.

Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in image diagnosis

Fernanda Laignier Gonçalves — 2024-11-11

Introduction: In contemporary medicine, Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a revolutionary tool aiding in tasks ranging from the interpretation of medical images, such as computed tomography scans, to the analysis of genomic data. The objective of this research is to investigate how the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies can impact the accuracy and time reduction of imaging diagnoses, in addition to evaluating the effectiveness of treatments. Methodology: This work follows the study methodology proposed by Gil (2002). It consists of an integrative bibliographic review with articles from 2019 to 2024, using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Results and Discussion: The observed results indicate that the use of deep learning techniques and artificial intelligence (AI) shows great potential in various areas of medicine, particularly in the analysis of medical images and in supporting clinical decision-making. As the implementation of AI in medicine progresses, there is a need for careful consideration of issues such as patient privacy and the need for appropriate regulation to control this activity. Final considerations: It is observed that the use of AI is already a revolutionary reality that is reaching medical practice in image diagnosis. Nonetheless, there are obstacles that need to be overcome for it to be safe, agile, and precise in assisting the physician’s decision regarding the best treatment. Thus, AI should not be considered a threat to the profession but rather a tool that complements the work of doctors, rather than replacing them.

The role of games and pranks as a pedagogical tool in the literacy process of students in the first stage of Elementary School 1

Luana dos Santos Guimarães — 2024-11-12

The objective of this study was to analyze the importance of games and balices as a pedagogical tool in the literacy process of students in the first stage of Elementary School I. A literature review was carried out, with a qualitative approach where articles published from 2017 to 2024 were selected. Try to understand how playful and interactive activities can contribute to the learning process, creating a more motivating and engaging environment for students in this age group. Games, by promoting interactivity and fun, facilitate understanding of the content of the school curriculum, as well as students' interest in carrying out diverse activities through playing. The child's literacy process is continuous, carrying out the stages of knowledge. The results revealed that the inclusion of these practices in the school routine not only favored the concepts of sounds and letters, but also contributed to the construction of integral concepts of the child, making learning more active, dynamic and meaningful.

Mental health in pregnancy and postpartum with the role of nurses: Integrative review

Josiane dos Santos Silva — 2024-11-18

Lights and shadows that, over time, usually find their balance, allowing a good level of satisfaction and well-being, characterize motherhood. However, the path to achieving a full level of well-being can be long and full of obstacles. Postpartum depression is highly prevalent and affects mothers, babies and the family as a whole, and can result in numerous negative long-term effects, since most cases tend to last for long periods. The objective of this study is to discuss the factors that influence the mental health of pregnant women and mothers in the postpartum period, with an emphasis on the importance of diagnosing and treating postpartum depression and the role of nurses in this context. The study was conducted through an integrative review of the qualitative literature. The role of nurses collaborates with other specific professional figures who, due to their training and field of intervention, represent references for the obstetric patient. Helping women who suffer from depression is difficult because it is necessary to know how to welcome them and accompany them throughout the process. Care choices should not be random, and behavioural and professional attitudes should be targeted, since planning the most appropriate nursing care requires specific skills and technical knowledge. Recognizing symptoms and being able to talk about them freely with specialized professionals, such as nurses, is usually the first step to solving the problem. For these reasons, this is an extremely relevant topic for healthcare professionals.

Integrated treatment approaches in sports physiotherapy for individuals with obesity

Glauber Conceição dos Santos — 2024-11-15

Introduction: Obesity is a global public health problem, related to an increased risk of chronic diseases and reduced quality of life. Sports physiotherapy, within a multidisciplinary approach, can act to prevent injuries and promote health in obese individuals. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of sports physiotherapy to the management of obesity, focusing on preventing injuries and improving functional and mobility aspects. Methodology: The research adopted a narrative review, with searches in scientific databases to identify studies that analyzed physiotherapeutic interventions, including strength training, manual therapy, myofascial release, and proprioceptive exercises. Results: The findings suggest that physiotherapeutic interventions, when combined with physical exercise programs, contribute to significant improvements in the functional capacity, mobility, body composition, and quality of life of obese individuals. Conclusion: Sports physiotherapy demonstrates potential to assist in the management of obesity and promote the health of these individuals. However, additional research is needed to define clear guidelines and more effective practices in physical therapy aimed at this population.

Chemical and biological study of Croton species occurring in the Pernambuco Sertão: An integrative review

André Arley Nunes de Souza — 2024-11-24

There are around 350 species of Croton in Brazil, with approximately 110 of them occurring in the Northeast region, particularly in Pernambuco. These species exhibit considerable chemical and biological diversity, which include several active compounds of great scientific interest. This review aims to map the chemical composition and biological activities of Croton species from backlands of Pernambuco. To achieve this, were conducted comprehensive searches for scientific articles in national and international databases- such as SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed and Web of Science, using relevant keywords and Boolean operators. The Search focus on Croton species in backlands of Pernambuco over the past 10 years. The analysis identified 48 published articles, which examined both phytochemical characterization and biological activities of different Croton species, as well as these combined analyzes and in different applications for scientific and practical purposes. The studies also explored practical applications, such as the development of new medicines and herbal treatments. However, despite advancement on identification of new bioactive compounds and determining their pharmacological activities, there is notable gap in research on Croton species in Pernambuco. This represents a significant opportunity for further research, particularly in the field of phytochemical characterization and the discovery of novel biological activities within this genus.

Manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma: A literature review

Áthila de Almeida Siqueira — 2024-11-22

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifocal mesenchymal neoplasm caused by human herpesvirus type 8, which has an incidence associated with Human Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and is one of the AIDS-defining diseases. It presents neo-angiogenesis, inflammatory infiltration, vascular lesions, and endothelial involvement, associated with more frequent mucocutaneous involvement and possible involvement of viscera and lymph nodes. It has a more aggressive presentation related to human immunodeficiency syndrome, with the potential participation of the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, oral mucosa, and genitalia. The clinical history and the appearance of characteristic skin lesions, with specific histopathological findings on biopsy, are the basis for the diagnosis. In the therapeutic approach for cases of association between Kaposi's sarcoma and AIDS, antiretroviral therapy is used for all patients, regardless of CD4 count, reserving chemotherapy for patients with advanced-stage disease, or in cases of evidence of rapid progression. This study aims to present a narrative review of the literature that seeks to broaden the debate on the subject from the perspective of studying disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma after initiating antiretroviral therapy. The advent of antiretroviral therapy in controlling HIV infection can lead to a significant reduction in the incidence and aggressiveness of Kaposi's sarcoma, and paradoxically, ART itself also participates in the process of manifestation of the disease, contextualizing the Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome.

The relationship of omega-3 in the prognosis of depression in adults: Integrative review

Jamile da Silva Viana — 2024-11-10

Depression is a mental disorder characterized by constant sadness, lack of interest in pleasurable activities, and in severe cases, thoughts of suicide. Omega-3 is an essential fatty acid important for human health, and there are three main types of omega-3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Omega-3 may play a role in mental health and its deficiency may be associated with increased depression. The objective of this article was to review the literature on the relationship between omega-3 and the prognosis of depression in adults. To this end, the PICO strategy was adopted to prepare the guiding question and the search for articles was carried out in the PubMed and CAPES Journal Portal databases. When choosing articles, the titles, abstracts and, finally, the full texts were read. 575 articles were identified, however, only 4 articles were considered eligible. Studies point to the relationship between omega 3 and depression, highlighting clinical trials that show the modest effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, but with questionable clinical significance, and despite omega 3 showing modest effects in reducing depression, the Evidence is limited, requiring more rigorous studies to understand its real effectiveness.

Canine distemper: Literature review

Raquel Silva e Sousa — 2024-11-15

Canine distemper is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family, of the Morbillivirus genus. It affects a wide variety of hosts in addition to domestic dogs. This virus has a high incidence in young animals and is characterized by a high mortality rate. Unvaccinated dogs or those with an incomplete vaccination protocol, with a history of contact with infected animals, and maternal colostrum with low antibodies are affected. Transmission can occur through direct contact, ingestion of food, contaminated objects and even through the dispersion of aerosols. The objective of this study is to present a narrative review of canine distemper. Among infectious diseases, it is considered the second leading cause of death among dogs, second only to rabies. Inflammatory and infectious diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS) constitute a relevant group of pathologies that affect dogs, frequently associated with severe clinical signs, often incompatible with the survival of the animal, and which can originate from various etiologies. The most common symptoms are neurological in origin, although respiratory, skin and gastrointestinal manifestations may also be observed. Therefore, diagnosis consists of evaluating the symptoms presented in conjunction with specific tests, such as viral isolation, ELISA, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. Currently, there is no specific treatment available, with only palliative care being provided. Therefore, vaccination represents the most effective method for reducing the risk of developing the disease, since the lack of vaccination can increase the probability of its occurrence by approximately one hundred times.

Benefits of natural childbirth for mothers and newborns: A literature review

Antônio Ricardo Alves dos Santos — 2024-11-04

Objective: This study aimed to review the literature on the benefits of natural childbirth and the risks associated with cesarean delivery, focusing on promoting safer and more humanized obstetric practices. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted as na review, covering articles published between 2009 and 2024 in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS. The inclusion criteria involved studies addressing maternal and neonatal outcomes, obstetric practices, and cultural perceptions related to childbirth. Results: The results highlight that natural childbirth offers significant advantages for both mother and baby, including lower infection rates, faster recovery, reduced need for medical interventions, and better neonatal adaptation. In contrast, although cesarean delivery is a safe alternative in specific cases, it is associated with higher risks of maternal and neonatal complications, such as hemorrhage, infections, and respiratory difficulties for the newborn. The review also revealed a scenario of excessive medicalization and cultural influences favoring cesarean sections, often without proper clinical indication. Conclusion: It is concluded that it is essential to promote public policies and evidence-based obstetric practices that prioritize natural childbirth when it is safe and desired by the woman. It is recommended that healthcare professionals adopt a patient-centered approach, providing clear information on the risks and benefits of each type of delivery and respecting women's informed choices.

Role of the nurse in the management of postpartum hemorrhages: A literature review

Ana Clara Letícia Pinheiro da Silva de Jesus — 2024-11-05

Objective: To thoroughly analyze the role of nurses in managing postpartum hemorrhage, focusing on the skills necessary for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of this obstetric complication, which remains one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative literature review covering studies published between 2019 and 2023 in the Scielo, Lilacs, and PubMed databases, using specific descriptors related to the topic. The analysis of the studies revealed that effective prevention of postpartum hemorrhage requires early identification of risk factors during prenatal care, a critical role performed by nurses, who must also provide detailed educational information to pregnant women. Results: The importance of continuous training and evidence-based protocol updates was emphasized to ensure intervention effectiveness and care safety. The results highlight the need for an interdisciplinary approach in postpartum care, underscoring the central role of nurses in coordinating care and providing psychosocial support. The research also identified the relevance of health policies promoting continuous training of nursing professionals and adherence to updated clinical protocols. Final considerations: In conclusion, this study contributes to raising awareness about the importance of evidence-based practices and health policies that strengthen obstetric nursing practices, offering guidelines to improve postpartum hemorrhage management and, consequently, reduce maternal mortality.

Analysis of the impacts of Dengue on brazilian Public Health: A literature review

Isadora Martini — 2024-11-16

Introduction: Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by the serotypes DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4, which primarily spreads through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This disease poses a significant challenge to public health, with approximately 390 million infections worldwide each year, of which around 20,000 result in death, highlighting a greater vulnerability in the younger population that has less prior exposure to the virus. Objective: To highlight the impacts of dengue on Brazilian public health between 2023 and 2024. Methodology: A narrative literature review based on 10 scientific articles published between 2023 and 2024. Results and Discussion: Between 2023 and 2024, dengue caused significant impacts on Brazilian public health, reflecting a considerable increase in disease incidence and strain on the healthcare system. Early recognition of symptoms is crucial, as well as the implementation of protocols that integrate vaccination into prevention strategies. The increasing resistance of the Aedes aegypti vector to traditional control measures necessitates new approaches that include biotechnology and environmental management. Furthermore, combining vaccination, community awareness, and improvements in sanitation conditions is essential to mitigate the impacts of dengue and enhance epidemic response. Conclusion: An integrated and sustainable approach is crucial to tackle the challenges posed by dengue, ensuring the protection of public health and reducing the economic burden associated with the disease.

Percentage of consumption of herbal medicines during and after the pandemic between 2020 and 2023 in a school pharmacy in Teresina City, Piauí (PI) State, Brazil

Alexsandra Alves Silva — 2024-11-17

This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of herbal medicines in the teaching pharmacy of a university center in Teresina/PI, between 2020 and 2023. With social isolation directly interfering with people's emotional and immunological health, the study sought to understand how the pandemic influenced the demand for these medicines. The objective was to evaluate the percentage of consumption of herbal medicines before, during, and after the pandemic. The methodology included a cross-sectional, retrospective, qualitative, and quantitative approach, with data collected manually in May 2024, considering the monthly and annual consumption of herbal medicines. The results show that in 2020, at the height of the pandemic, there was an increase in the number of herbal medicines sold as the months went by. In 2021 and 2022, this downward trend was consolidated, with an average 50% reduction in consumption. However, in 2023, after the pandemic, consumption grew again, registering a significant increase of 70%. The study provides valuable insights into the consumption behavior of herbal medicines in the context of the pandemic and post-pandemic, contributing to future research and offering important subsidies for health professionals and academics, particularly in the use of herbal medicines in times of health crises.

Occurrence and distribution of the microsporidium Vairimorpha (Nosema) spp. in apiaries in Brazil - Systematic review

Vivian Marina Gomes Barbosa Lage — 2024-11-19

Nosemosis is one of the main diseases of bees, caused by microsporidia of the genus Vairimorpha (Nosema). The main etiologic agents are Vairimorpha apis and Vairimorpha ceranae. These pathogens are widely distributed around the world, and in Brazil, they have already been reported in some states, but these data have never been gathered in a review. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the occurrence and distribution of the microsporidium Vairimorpha spp. in apiaries in Brazil. The search was done in the SciELO, PubMed, DOAJ, and Capes Journals (Scopus) databases. 14 articles were selected and published in English and Portuguese. In the included publications, only eight Brazilian states were referred (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo). No work was conducted in the northern of the country, and most of the publications are concentrated in the southern and southeastern. Regarding the Vairimorpha species, only V. apis and V. ceranae were investigated, and V. ceranae was predominantly detected. Most of the studies were done only with the Africanized bee Apis mellifera. This review showed which Brazilian regions have never been explored in terms of incidence and distribution of these pathogens, revealing a gap to be filled by the country's beekeeping surveillance and health systems. In addition, because of the great Brazilian biodiversity, it is evident that the occurrence and distribution of these pathogens also need to be investigated with other bee species.

New formulations and future perspectives of glass ionomer cements: A narrative review

Beatriz Almeida Cardoso Silva — 2024-11-12

Objective: Review and critically analyze the main innovations in glass ionomer cement formulations, identifying trends and future challenges for their clinical application. Methodology: A narrative review was conducted, utilizing databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, Cochrane, and PubMed. Scientific articles from the last 15 years, in Portuguese and English, addressing innovations in glass ionomer cements, were selected. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were rigorously applied to ensure the relevance of the studies analyzed. Results and Discussion: The results indicated that the use of nanoparticles, resins, and bioactive materials have significantly contributed to improving the properties of glass ionomer cements. However, the scarcity of clinical trials and the diversity in methodologies used in the reviewed studies limit the generalizability of the conclusions. The discussion emphasizes the need for more clinical research to validate laboratory innovations and explore combinations of materials that may offer even more effective solutions. Conclusion: Innovations in glass ionomer cements show considerable potential to transform dental practice, promoting more durable and accessible treatments.

Effectiveness of Pilates as a training method for elderly people: A literature review

Anderson Moreira dos Santos Fonseca — 2024-11-15

This article aims to review the effectiveness of Pilates as a training method for elderly people, focusing on the importance of improving functionality and quality of life. Aging leads to a decrease in muscle mass and strength, contributing to frailty and loss of independence. The practice of Pilates, developed by Joseph Pilates in the 1920s, appears as an effective approach to mitigate these effects, promoting improvements in posture, muscular strength, flexibility and balance. This narrative literature review used databases such as PubMed, PEDro, SciELO and BVS, considering studies published between 2014 and 2024. The impacts of Pilates on functionality, balance and strength in elderly people were analyzed, highlighting the relevance of its application for preventing falls and maintaining functional independence. Analysis of studies revealed that Pilates is beneficial for muscle strength, flexibility and balance, with results suggesting a significant reduction in the risk of falls. However, the variability in methodologies and the lack of consensus on best practices indicate the need for more research to consolidate its applications and benefits. The conclusions indicate that Pilates represents an effective alternative to promote healthy aging, offering a method of physical exercise that integrates body and mind to improve the quality of life in the elderly.

Advantages of using semaglutide in the treatment of obesity and overweight - A literature review

Emanuelle Luisa Fiorese — 2024-11-19

Obesity is a multifactorial condition associated with health risks, requiring effective and safe therapeutic approaches for weight control. The objective of the present study is to present a review of scientific evidence on the advantages of semaglutide in the treatment of obesity, to raise awareness among readers, and to expand knowledge on the topic. An integrative literature review was conducted using Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PUBMED, and SciELO, considering articles published between 2014 and 2024. Studies on the efficacy, safety, and role of healthcare professionals in the use of semaglutide for obese or overweight patients were included. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, demonstrated an average body weight reduction of 10% to 15% across multiple studies, acting by decreasing appetite and increasing satiety. Patients treated with semaglutide showed better long-term weight control when compared to non-pharmacological interventions alone. Semaglutide proved to be an effective and safe pharmacological option for weight loss, especially for patients struggling with weight management through lifestyle changes alone. However, the treatment requires continuous monitoring and behavioral changes to maintain results. Additional studies are recommended to explore its efficacy in different population subgroups and assess long-term effects.

Salivary analysis of alpha-amylase and cortisol as pain markers in patients using conventional fixed orthodontic appliances and aesthetic aligners: Literature review

Sulamita Karine Medeiros Treuko — 2024-11-16

Malocclusions and dentofacial disharmonies are potential factors that have a negative impact on individuals' quality of life. In this sense, the search for a harmonious smile has been in evidence for thousands of years, with orthodontic treatment being a therapeutic alternative that provides function, stability and, consequently, dentofacial aesthetics. Aesthetic complaints during treatment have driven the industry to develop orthodontic aligners, a therapeutic alternative that modifies the biomechanics of tooth movement, with the main aim of reducing the visibility of the components of conventional fixed appliances. Just like aesthetics, orthodontic pain is one of the main side effects resulting from treatment, commonly reported by patients, regardless of the treatment modality chosen. Orthodontic pain can be measured using subjective methodologies, using verbal and/or visual scales, as well as objective methodologies, with the analysis of salivary biomarkers, such as alpha-amylase and cortisol. This literature review aims to compare the experience of orthodontic pain reported by individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment with conventional fixed appliances and orthodontic aligners, through the analysis of the salivary biomarkers’ cortisol and alpha amylase. For this purpose, scientific articles were selected from the following databases: PUBMED, LILAC’S, SCIELO and BVS, in Portuguese, Spanish and English. This literature review suggests that patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, both with conventional fixed appliances and orthodontic aligners, did not present differences in cortisol and alpha-amylase levels as salivary biomarkers of pain of orthodontic origin.

Neurobiology of pavlovian and operant conditioning - A narrative review

Welington dos Santos Silva — 2024-11-24

Pavlovian and operant conditioning are forms of associative learning in which humans and other animals learn to associate events or stimuli that occur in sequence or together. Skinner coined the term "operant conditioning" to describe how behavior is shaped by its consequences. Recent advances in neuroscience can provide insights into behavior that were unthinkable in Skinner's time. This study aimed to show a narrative review of the literature on recent advances in understanding the neural bases involved in Pavlovian conditioning and operant conditioning. A literature review was conducted on the neurobiology of Pavlovian and operant conditioning. Studies in invertebrates have highlighted similarities with the forms of learning described in vertebrates by Pavlov, Thorndike, and Skinner. Experiments in simpler nervous systems show that it is possible to advance understanding at the level of neural circuits and molecular mechanisms of psychological concepts inferred from purely behavioral studies.

The importance of the multidisciplinary team for outpatient cancer patients in palliative care

Maria Valbilene Gonçalves — 2024-11-23

Introduction: Cancer is a complex disease that encompasses more than 100 different types of malignancies. The disordered growth of cancer cells results in the formation of tumors, which can spread to other parts of the body. There are two main groups of cancer: carcinomas, originating in epithelial tissues, and sarcomas, originating in connective tissues. Objective: To describe the role of the multidisciplinary team in providing palliative care to cancer patients through a literature review. Methodology: The work was characterized as a literature review, with a descriptive and exploratory nature that used three databases, namely, Pubmed, SciELO and BVS, thus the publications that were indexed in more than one database were selected in the first search. The descriptors used were palliative care, and oncological patient, all extracted from DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors). The guiding question was: What is the role of the multidisciplinary team in providing palliative care to cancer patients? Results: A team of different and complementary professionals from several fields plays a fundamental role in palliative care in oncology. In addition, they play a crucial role in educating patients and families about palliative care and promoting a patient-centered approach. Final Considerations: It is concluded that the multidisciplinary team is important in palliative care for oncology patients, considering that it is necessary to work in a differentiated, humanized way, prioritizing the patient's well-being, comfort, and pain reduction. In addition, the recognition that reaching the end of life with dignity and respect is reinforced.

Personal search and well-founded suspicion: Perception of first instance criminal courts of the judiciary of Alagoas in 2023

Weverton Luiz da Silva — 2024-11-06

This research aims to present a study on the personal search procedure and the necessary founded suspicion as an instrument for promoting public safety. The research problem is to verify the perception of first instance criminal judges of the Judiciary of Alagoas regarding the characterization of founded suspicion in personal searches carried out by security agencies, which originated criminal proceedings in the year 2023. Regarding the technical procedures adopted, bibliographic, documentary and jurisprudential research was used. Regarding the objectives, this work can be defined as exploratory research. Regarding the approach to the problem, the research can be defined as quantitative, given the possibility of translating into numbers the number of decisions that analyzed and confirmed, judicially, the personal searches carried out by public security institutions under the allegation of founded suspicion. The scientific article also has an applied research nature, as it aims to generate knowledge aimed at providing a solution for possible abuses, in order to indicate the existing bodies and institutions with the power to monitor and hold accountable public agents who deviate from their conduct. After surveying the judicial decisions handed down, in 2023 alone, it was found that the characterization of well-founded suspicion was confirmed by the first instance magistrates of the Judiciary of Alagoas in 96.15% of the judicial statements analyzed.