Research, Society and Development

Combined estrogen and progesterone: Their benefits and risks as hormone therapy in menopause

Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Menopause, marked by the cessation of menstruation, often brings vasomotor symptoms, sleep disturbances, and urogenital changes, impacting quality of life. Hormone therapy (HT), combining estrogen and progesterone, alleviates symptoms and prevents long-term complications. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published between 2020–2024 in English or Portuguese. Inclusion criteria targeted studies on combined hormone therapy (CHT) for menopause, excluding those on other treatments, small sample sizes, or low-quality evidence. Results and Discussion: CHT effectively reduces vasomotor symptoms, enhances sleep quality, and improves urogenital health while protecting bone density. Initiating HT within 10 years post-menopause reduces cardiovascular risks, as evidenced by studies like Baik et al. (2024) and Gu et al. (2024). Transdermal or vaginal routes minimize thrombotic risks compared to oral formulations. However, CHT poses risks, such as increased breast cancer and thromboembolism, necessitating personalized approaches. Conclusion: CHT offers significant benefits for menopausal symptom management and bone and cardiovascular health. Timing, dosage, and administration route are key to optimizing safety and efficacy. Individualized treatment, based on rigorous monitoring, ensures improved quality of life for women experiencing menopause.

Epidemiological profile of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in the pre- and trans-pandemic period of COVID-19 in a hospital in southern Brazil

Mon, 03 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common infection in ICUs, occurring after 48 hours of mechanical ventilation and diagnosed based on clinical, radiological, and laboratory criteria. This study analyzed the medical records of 190 adult patients diagnosed with VAP at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição (HNSC) in Tubarão, SC, aiming to assess the epidemiological profile in the pre- and trans-pandemic periods of COVID-19, between 2018 and 2020. The results indicated an increase in the rate of mechanical ventilation use, along with a significant rise in VAP density in 2020, suggesting a direct impact of the pandemic on case incidence. Epidemiological analysis can contribute to the implementation of more effective preventive strategies and the reduction of adverse outcomes.

Speech therapeutic strategies for rehabilitation of neurogenic dysphagia in adult patients

Mon, 17 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: neurogenic dysphagia poses a significant challenge for healthcare professionals, particularly speech-language pathologists, due to its complexity and impact on individuals' quality of life. Therapeutic strategies play a fundamental role in the rehabilitation of these patients, aiming to improve the safety of swallowing, the effectiveness of deglutition, as well as social reintegration and nutritional intake. This study aims to report the main approaches and techniques used in clinical practice for the treatment of neurogenic dysphagia in adults, highlighting scientific evidence and future perspectives through an integrative literature review. Methodology: this integrative literature review was guided by the question: what speech-language therapeutic strategies are used in the rehabilitation of neurogenic dysphagia in adult patients? Databases used included the virtual health library, capes journal portal, and scielo, following inclusion and exclusion criteria for portuguese-language articles published between 2019 and 2023. Results and discussion: the analysis of the nine articles included revealed the need for an individualized and multidisciplinary approach to treating neurogenic dysphagia, considering the patient's unique clinical characteristics and complexity. However, gaps remain in the literature regarding reports on different techniques and the optimal duration of treatments. Conclusion: the study reported that the most common speech-language rehabilitation strategies included myofunctional exercises, adaptation of food consistencies, vocal exercises, the chin-tuck protective maneuver, and the mendelsohn maneuver. Despite advances, the findings highlight the ongoing need for new studies and innovations to improve care delivery.

Adherence of deaf individuals to health services: Exploring the use of communication apps

Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objectives: To present the communication barriers of deaf people in health services and identify tools (applications) used to reduce the difficulties encountered. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out from September to October 2024 through interviews with deaf individuals. The interview questions were divided into three main areas: Sample characterization; Health services; and Use of applications. Results and Discussion: Twenty-six deaf people of both sexes, aged between 18 and 41 years, were interviewed, most of whom were profoundly deaf. The need to facilitate communication among deaf people was highlighted, since 11.54% avoid communicating with hearing people and 30.77% use only Libras. The vast majority of deaf people go to health services accompanied and use the SUS. Six communication applications were presented, with the ICOM application standing out. Conclusion: When analyzing the data, it was observed that the main barriers for deaf people are the difficulty of understanding the professional who treats them and the need for a companion. In addition, it was shown that the frustration and anguish of not being understood can be one of the factors that reduce the adherence of deaf people to health services. The deaf people highlighted some applications that can help; however, the need for health professionals to learn Libras, or the development of new tools that are more appropriate, should not be ruled out.

Investigation of the epidemiological profile and hospitalizations of patients with leprosy in the municipality of Pinheiro, State of Maranhão (MA), Brazil from 2017 to 2024

Thu, 06 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological profile and cases of hospitalizations of leprosy patients in the municipality of Pinheiro - MA from 2017 to 2024. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study based on secondary data extracted from the Brazilian Unified Health System Information Technology Department (DATASUS). Results: 262 case forecasts and 81,977 leprosy hospitalizations were collected from 2017 to 2024. They were divided into variables, the first represented by gender, of which 60% of confirmed cases were male, while 57.04% of hospitalizations were female. Furthermore, 77.10% of the prognoses and 52.65% of the hospitalizations were of brown color and race. As for the cases confirmed by schooling, most were diagnosed between the 1st and 8th grade, with 38.9% being incomplete. In addition, the age range for both variables was between 15 and 59 years. By operational forms of leprosy, 76% were Multibacillary (MB) and 24% Paucibacillary. In terms of expenditure on the disease, the municipality of Pinheiro - MA spent around 65,330,035.12$. Deaths from the disease decreased between 2023 and 2024, with around 52 fewer deaths. Final considerations: The study sought to investigate the epidemiology and hospitalizations for leprosy cases. However, it should be considered that some variables such as gender and age group need to be better conditioned in the national literature.

Educational video for parents about devices in the postoperative period of pediatric cardiac sugery

Wed, 26 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This methodological study aimed to create an educational video for parents and caregivers, explaining the medical devices used in children during the postoperative period of cardiac surgery in a pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit. The methodology followed Falkembach's framework, encompassing the stages of analysis and planning, modeling, and implementation. The video was developed using a playful and interactive approach, employing animated explanations of medical devices to facilitate family members' understanding. The educational video proved to be an effective strategy for welcoming and educating caregivers about medical devices. This educational technology improved communication and caregiver autonomy; however, the lack of impact assessment limits the analysis of its effectiveness. The study reinforces the role of nurses as educators and encourages the use of videos in humanizing care.

Dietary factors in patients with Parkinson's disease: An integrative review

Sun, 09 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that affects millions of people globally and is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Diet has been shown to be a relevant modifiable risk factor in the development and progression of PD. Studies suggest that certain dietary patterns may influence the pathophysiology of PD, impacting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the gut microbiome. Objective: To analyze the most recent scientific evidence on the impact of diet on various aspects of PD, including risk, progression, symptom management, and quality of life. Methodology: Integrative literature review on the impact of diet on various aspects of PD. Integrative literature review conducted with PubMed database, between 2019 and 2025, using the descriptors "Parkinson's disease", "Diet", and "Nutrition", associated by the Boolean operator "AND". Seven articles were selected for analysis. Results and Discussion: The review found that diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish are consistently associated with a lower risk of PD. Western dietary patterns, rich in processed foods and red meat, increase the risk. Evidence suggests that antioxidants and vitamins may exert neuroprotective effects. The gut microbiome also plays an important role, with high-fiber diets showing beneficial effects. Specialized diets, such as the ketogenic diet, have shown improvements in motor and non-motor symptoms, although long-term safety requires further study. Conclusion: Good-quality nutrition is associated with lower risks and better management of PD symptoms. Personalized dietary interventions emerge as a promising avenue for the treatment of PD, but further studies are needed to validate these approaches.

Treatment perspectives and challenges in antifungal therapy for mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19

Mon, 17 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in opportunistic infections, such as mucormycosis, better known as “black fungus”, which has become prevalent in various parts of the world, especially in India. This fungal infection is highly debilitating and has high rates of morbidity and mortality, with antifungal therapy focused on conventional antifungal drugs with or without successful treatment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the main perspectives and challenges caused by antifungal treatment in patients who acquired COVID-19 and, consequently, mycosis caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. To this end, an integrative literature review was carried out based on a five-step planning: elaboration of the research question (identification of the problem), search for studies in the literature, evaluation of the studies, data analysis, and presentation of the review, which used the PICO strategy. During the search in the databases, 292 studies were initially found (Science Direct=112, PubMed=35, Scielo=1 and MEDLINE=144), of which 38 studies were included. Among the studies, it was noted that there is a greater need for early diagnosis, as well as the production of intensive clinical management, especially for patients with comorbidities; and there is also a lack of production of specific protocols for cases of mucormycosis related to COVID-19 in order to improve clinical outcomes.

Profile attendance in the Risk Classification of a 24-hour Emergency Care Unit

Thu, 06 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To identify the profile of the risk classification in the 24-hour Emergency Care Unit in the southern region of Brazil, correlating the sociodemographic characteristics of the population with data from the 3rd-quarter Management Report of the Municipal Health Department for 2023. Methodology: A documentary, descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative study, based on electronic medical records of patients treated between September 2023 and February 2024. Data collection was conducted in September and October 2024 through the TOTVS system, with descriptive percentage analysis. The study was approved by the ethics committee through Plataforma Brasil under opinion nº 7.083.286. Results: The data show that most of the patients are female (56.9%), with complaints related to the “Adult Malaise” flowchart (24%). The majority of cases were classified as "Low urgency" (green code), representing 74.8% of the visits. Conclusion: The results support the initial hypothesis that a significant portion of the demands for this Emergency Care Unit consists of low-complexity cases, which are sensitive to Primary Health Care. This highlights the need to strengthen Primary Health Care to reduce the burden on emergency and urgent services.

Treatment of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The perspective of parents/caregivers

Marielle Freitas Araújo Dias; Marcelo Gonzaga de Freitas Araújo — Sun, 23 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the perspective of parents/caregivers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the city of Divinópolis, MG, Brazil, regarding the treatments and follow-up that their children receive. Methodology: Qualitative descriptive study with parents and caregivers of children with ASD. Data were analyzed according to Bardin's content analysis methodology. Results: Data were categorized into 4 central themes: symptoms, well-being, treatments, and general support. The common manifestations of parents/caregivers were mainly related to the beneficial effects of therapies and medications on the well-being of children, the notable reduction of negative behaviors, improvement in sleep quality, and correction of food selectivity. School emerged as an important factor of support, as well as the support of friends. The lack of specialized services in the SUS, financial difficulties, and the high cost of therapies were also critical points reported by participants. Conclusion: This study allowed us to give a voice to parents/caregivers of children with ASD, finding positive and negative points in common in the perspective of these actors in relation to the treatment that children receive in the municipality.

A study of the biological activity of lavandula angustifolia oil

Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The use of medicinal plants with therapeutic properties is an ancient practice and continues to be essential in the creation of natural medicines and treatments. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a large portion of the population in developing countries uses plants for basic health care. Lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) has several therapeutic properties that make it widely used in pharmaceuticals and aromatherapy. Studies demonstrate that its compounds, such as α-pinene, terpin-4-ol and linalool, have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and antispasmodic effects. In-depth research into these effects is crucial to expanding their safe and effective use in a variety of treatments. This study will be conducted at the Biotechnology Experimental Studies Laboratory of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC-GO), located in Goiânia, after due approval by the institution's Ethics Committee. The main objective of the research is to investigate the effects of lavender essential oil solution (Lavandula angustifolia) on chorioallantoic membranes of embryonated eggs, focusing on identifying angiogenic (stimulating the growth of new blood vessels) or antiangiogenic (inhibiting this growth) activities. Carrying out this study allows a more in-depth understanding of the angiogenic and/or antiangiogenic properties of lavender essential oil, in addition to evaluating its safety for use in the treatment of various diseases within folk medicine. The results are expected to contribute significantly to the development of new products that can have a positive social impact, especially since lavender is an easily accessible, low-cost and renewable plant. Preliminary findings indicate that lavender essential oil has angiogenic activity and that the chorioallantoic membranes used in the tests showed excellent quality, exceeding expectations in quantifying vascularization in each phase of the project. These results reinforce the potential of lavender essential oil as an effective and safe therapeutic alternative.

Cannabidiol and THC in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: An integrative literature review

Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive loss of memory and cognitive functions. With the aging of the population, the prevalence of AD has increased significantly. Genetic factors and imbalance in brain metabolism contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Objective: To analyze the most recent scientific evidence on the clinical use of THC and CBD in the treatment of AD, including the impact of these compounds on symptoms, disease progression, and quality of life of patients. Methodology: Integrative literature review carried out in the PubMed database, between 2015 and 2025, using the descriptors "THC", "Cannabidiol" and "Alzheimer's disease", combined by the Boolean operator "AND". Five articles were selected for analysis, based on their relevance and coherence with the proposed theme. Results and Discussion: The review found that both THC and CBD have therapeutic potential to alleviate AD symptoms, such as agitation, aggression, apathy, and sleep disturbances. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that THC may reduce impulsivity and agitation, while CBD, with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may have neuroprotective effects. The combination of THC and CBD has shown promising results in improving memory and reducing β-amyloid plaque deposition in animal models. However, most studies have limitations, such as small sample sizes, lack of standardization in dosages, and absence of double-blind randomized clinical trials. Conclusion: The results indicate that THC and CBD may be useful in treating AD symptoms, but more research is needed to determine optimal dosages, evaluate long-term effects, and ensure patient safety. Personalized treatments and ongoing follow-up are essential for the success of therapy.

The use of cannabis in the treatment of fibromyalgia: An integrative literature review

Mon, 10 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction. Fibromyalgia is defined by nociplastic pain, sleep disturbances, asthenia, headaches, and cognitive symptoms. The endocannabinoid system appears to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of this condition, and the use of cannabis has emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative. Objective. To provide a descriptive overview of studies investigating the benefits of cannabis use in the treatment of fibromyalgia, including its therapeutic advantages, treatment goals, as well as its cultural and social aspects. Methodology. This study is an integrative review based on a literature search in databases such as PubMed and SciELO, covering the period from 2020 to 2024. A total of 2,851 articles were identified, of which 120 were selected based on inclusion criteria. After a subsequent selection process, 27 articles were included in the final analysis. The selected articles were organized, examined, and subjected to qualitative and content analysis. Results. Studies were categorized into three themes: “symptom improvement,” “adverse effects of cannabis,” and “therapeutic safety.” Determining an optimal therapeutic dose remains challenging due to limited high-quality research. However, most studies reported symptom relief. Safety findings varied depending on the CBD-to-THC ratio. Conclusion. There was a predominance of studies demonstrating the improvement of symptoms and the safety of cannabis and cannabinoids, with a positive correlation between both and the intensity of pain, other symptoms, and pharmacological treatments for fibromyalgia.

Medication adherence in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Impact on quality of life after one year

Jones Ramon Nasário da Silva; Vitor Latorre Souza; Sérgio Henrique Simonetti — Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for more than 50% of prevalent heart failure (HF) cases worldwide. The pathophysiology of this condition is not yet fully understood, and the lack of consensus regarding therapeutic approaches and clinical outcome assessment creates a significant gap, requiring further research to develop more effective and targeted treatment strategies. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between medication adherence and quality of life in patients with HFpEF diagnosed for more than one year. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study including patients with an HFpEF diagnosis for over one year who were in outpatient follow-up. Patients underwent a consultation to assess medication adherence and quality of life. Medication adherence was evaluated using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), while quality of life was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). In case of an event, patients provided hospital documentation for evaluation. Conclusion: The findings of this retrospective cohort study contribute to expanding the understanding of HFpEF, especially with regard to the relationship between medication adherence and quality of life. Although adherence to treatment is a central element in the management of HF, our results indicate that, in HFpEF, quality of life is influenced by multiple factors, including clinical conditions, comorbidities and socioeconomic characteristics.

Goodpasture Syndrome: From pathogenesis to treatment - an analysis of current literature

Fri, 21 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Goodpasture syndrome is a rare and severe autoimmune condition characterized by the presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies, leading to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Despite its low prevalence, its fulminant course and the need for early diagnosis make its study crucial. Objective: This study aims to characterize Goodpasture syndrome, from pathogenesis to treatment, presenting robust scientific evidence about the disease. Materials and Methods: An integrative literature review was carried out in indexed databases such as PubMed MEDLINE, SCIELO, Ebscohost, Google Scholar and the Virtual Health Library (BVS) using the descriptors "Goodpasture Syndrome", "Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease" and "Pathophysiology". Articles published between 2014 and 2024 were selected, prioritizing clinical studies, systematic reviews and international guidelines. Data were critically analyzed, focusing on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Results and Discussion: The review identified that early diagnosis relies on the detection of anti-GBM antibodies in serum or renal tissue, associated with clinical and radiological findings of pulmonary and renal involvement. Treatment involves plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants, with new evidence suggesting the potential of biological therapies, such as rituximab, for refractory cases. Renal survival is directly related to the timeliness of intervention. Conclusion: Goodpasture syndrome remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Early identification and aggressive treatment are crucial for prognosis, highlighting the importance of continuous updates on new therapeutic strategies.

Epidemiological profile of maternal deaths due to postpartum hemorrhage in Brazil between 2000 and 2023

Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), an important cause of maternal mortality, is preventable but continues to affect women due to complications and inadequate diagnosis. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of maternal deaths due to PPH in Brazil from 2000 to 2023. Methodology: Ecological, time-series study with a quantitative approach, carried out with secondary data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the Ministry of Health. The units of analysis were the 26 states and the Federal District of Brazil. The study population comprised all maternal deaths registered in the SIM, whose cause according to ICD-10 was O72 - PPH. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of nominal and ordinal categorical variables. There was no need for assessment by the CEP/CONEP System and the guidelines of the STROBE initiative were considered. Results: A total of 2,405 deaths from PPH in Brazil were analyzed, with an increase in notifications in 2015 and 2018. From 2016 onwards, deaths began to decrease. Most deaths occurred during the puerperium (57%), mainly affecting women between 20 and 39 years old, with low levels of education, and most deaths occurred in hospitals. Conclusion: Maternal mortality from PPH in Brazil is associated with failures in the health system, especially in filling out death records, and the low quality of prenatal care. Strengthening health education and professional training are essential to improve care for pregnant women and reduce mortality rates.

Nurses’ role in the implementation of emerging Technologies in the management of chronic diseases: An integrative review

Maria José de Sousa Andrade Bomfim; Italo Ramon Moreira Alves Nascimento — Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The study aimed to analyze the role of nurses in the implementation of emerging technologies in the management of chronic diseases, through an integrative literature review. Studies published between 2022 and 2025 were selected, which addressed the role of nurses in the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), telemedicine, and wearable devices in the care of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The analysis showed that these technologies promote accurate diagnoses, personalized treatments, and continuous monitoring, but face challenges such as lack of interoperability, disparity in access, and resistance to adoption. Strategies such as public-private partnerships, continuous capacity building, and expansion of telemedicine have been proposed to overcome these obstacles. The nurse acts as a mediator between technology, patient, and multiprofessional team, integrating data, validating AI alerts, and educating patients on the proper use of digital tools. Despite the advances, ethical and technical challenges persist, such as algorithmic bias and data privacy, which require regulation and auditing of algorithms. It is concluded that the effective implementation of these technologies depends on a collective effort, with investments in training, interoperability of systems and equity policies, ensuring more efficient and patient-centered care.

Shifter handover: An effective communication tool in Intensive Care Units

Mon, 10 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To understand the factors that influence effective communication between nurses during shift handovers in the ICU, as well as to identify elements that hinder shift handovers between ICU nurses. Method: This is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study using quantitative methods carried out during the ICU handover from September to November 2024. The structured script was divided into two parts: facilitating factors and hindering factors. Of the eight hundred observations, 77.50% were punctual in their arrival/shift handover and 100% used the institution's official script to hand over the shift to the other professional. Clear and objective communication was observed in 61.25% of the eighty observations. 52.50% of the factors hindering the handover of the shift were parallel conversations during the handover, 100% were noises such as alarms and telephone calls, and 36.25% were interruptions due to alarms and infusion pumps and/or mechanical ventilators. Conclusion: This study provides information on shift handovers in the ICU, highlighting the need to strengthen strategies to improve shift handovers. Identifying the main factors that hinder handovers, as well as the facilitators, are ways of creating improvement strategies to ensure continuity of care.

Mental health and physical activity in people over 40: A exploratory study in Aracaju

Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and mental health in individuals over 40 years old living in Aracaju, Sergipe. This is an exploratory, cross-sectional, and quantitative study conducted with participants recruited from gyms, public exercise programs, and hydro-gymnastics centers. Mental health was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and sociodemographic and exercise practice data were collected through structured questionnaires. A total of 124 individuals were analyzed, mostly female (73%), with an average age below 60 years and an income below five minimum wages (44%). Among the participants, 12.9% showed mental distress (SRQ-20 ≥ 7), which was more frequent in women, individuals with lower income, and those who did not engage in weight training, Pilates, or hydro-gymnastics. No statistically significant difference in mental health was observed among the exercise modalities; however, individuals who did not practice any of these activities showed significantly higher levels of psychological distress (p < 0.001). Additionally, participants with mental distress reported higher use of psychotropic drugs and a greater perceived need for psychotherapy. It is concluded that although no specific exercise modality proved superior in promoting mental health, physical activity in general was associated with lower levels of psychological distress, reinforcing its importance as a strategy to promote mental well-being in adults and the elderly.

Clinical-epidemiological profile of chromosome 17 mosaic trissomy

Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The recognition of rare genetic diseases has become a growing concern on the global stage, affecting around 8% of the world's population and 13 million people in Brazil. Among the approximately 6 to 8 thousand rare diseases, 95% do not have specific treatment. Mosaic trisomy 17 is one such rare condition, with only 28 cases detected by amniocentesis. Its clinical presentation is highly variable, and diagnosis is made by prenatal and postnatal karyotyping. Most cases do not present with anomalies, and many are attributed to placental mosaicism. Trisomy 17 is difficult to diagnose and often overlooked. The objective of the present study was to carry out an exploratory descriptive study, based on a narrative bibliographic review, to characterize chromosome mosaic trisomy 17, using scientific articles published between 2000 and 2020. Data were collected in databases such as PubMed, SciELO and Periódicos CAPES. The study detailed signs and symptoms associated with the condition, identifying anomalies in the bones, face, heart and other organs, with diagnoses using amniocentesis, skin fibroblasts and fetal ultrasound. The study concludes that rare genetic diseases, such as trisomy 17, are still little addressed in Public Health, although they represent an important public health problem. The need for greater dissemination and understanding of these conditions is highlighted, aiming to improve awareness and early diagnosis.

Microscopic analysis of surface characteristics and chemical composition spectroscopy of different orthodontic archwire

Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as características superficiais e composição química de arcos ativados termicamente utilizados em sistemas autoligados. Arcos de NiTi e CuNiTi com diâmetro 0,014 (Ormco, Aditek, Orthometric, Morelli e Smart4Y) foram submetidos à condições variáveis utilizando segmentos de 10 mm divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com a imersão: não submetidos à imersão, saliva artificial (Kin Hidrat) e solução ácida (pH 4,3) utilizando 2 mL de solução e mantidos a 37ºC por 28 dias. Em seguida, as amostras foram avaliadas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura Personal SEM© eXpress™ (Aspex Corporation, Oregon, EUA). A análise semi-quantitativa realizada no modo de espectroscopia por energia dispersiva de raios X avaliou a composição química da superfície. O fio CuNiTi (Ormco) apresentou maior rugosidade, enquanto o fio termicamente ativado (Morelli), o menor. Nos fios imersos em saliva artificial a alteração superficial foi evidente. Na análise da composição química, os fios CuNiTi apresentaram porcentagens de Cu próximas a 6%. Baixas porcentagens (<0,3%) de Cu foram detectadas nos demais fios avaliados. Para todos os grupos houve predomínio dos íons Ni e Ti. Nos fios imersos em saliva artificial íons Na, Cl e K foram detectados, sugerindo componentes de deposição de saliva na superfície dos fios. Arcos CuNiTi apresentaram características de rugosidade superficial mais irregular em comparação aos demais fios avaliados. A imersão em saliva artificial alterou a superfície dos fios com deposição de íons.

Gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Diabetes mellitus: An integrative literature review

Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objectives: Obtain information from scientific literature regarding the presence of digestive symptoms in diabetic patients and prevention measures for a common complication. Methodology: This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Inclusion criteria included studies that analyzed the association between Diabetes Mellitus and gastrointestinal symptoms, published between 2011 and 2023 in the bibliographic databases Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, LILACS, PUBMed and Scielo. Descriptors included “Diabetes mellitus,” “Gastrointestinal Tract,” “Gastrointestinal microbiome,” “Diabetes complications,” “glycemic control,” “hyperglycemia,” and “Diabetes mellitus”; “Gastrointestinal Tract”; “Gastrointestinal microbiome”; “Diabetes complications”; “glycemic control”; “hyperglycemia.” Results: After removing abstracts based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we obtained 20 articles eligible for inclusion in this review. Conclusions: The systematic review indicates that gastrointestinal complications are common and frequently underestimated in patients with diabetes mellitus, negatively impacting quality of life. Strict blood glucose control is essential to avoid these complications. More studies are needed on the role of the intestinal microbiome in diabetes and possible therapeutic interventions. Early detection and appropriate management of these complications are crucial to improving patients' prognosis and quality of life.

Prevalence of Oral Lesions in a private clinic in Goiás (2022-2025): A cross-sectional study

Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study aims to fill a gap in the literature by investigating the prevalence of oral lesions in private clinics in Goiás, from 2022 to 2025. The cross-sectional study analyzed the prevalence of oral lesions in patients treated at a private clinic in Goiás, between 2022 and 2025, with the aim of identifying regional patterns and associated factors. The sample included 638 patients, predominantly female (61.4%), with a mean age of 48.96 years. Among the most prevalent lesions were fibrous hyperplasia, burning mouth syndrome, and lichen planus. It was observed that women over 40 years of age were more predisposed to these conditions, while the use of dentures was a significant risk factor for inflammatory lesions in individuals over 50 years of age. The study also revealed that behavioral factors contributed to the occurrence of periapical cysts and pyogenic granulomas, more frequent in men. The results emphasize the need for personalized preventive interventions and educational campaigns targeting denture users and specific demographic groups. Furthermore, the data can support regional public policies that integrate preventive and educational strategies in the context of oral health in private clinics. Despite limitations, such as the use of retrospective data and the exclusion of public services, this work provides new and relevant information to the dental literature.

Common mental disorders in Medical students in Brazil: A bibliographical review of the literature

Mon, 17 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Common Mental Disorders (CMD) are among the mental disorders that most affect students, especially those in the health field. Studies show that the development of CMDs is multifactorial and although they are considered less serious, CMDs are related to a significant drop in students' quality of life, affecting relationships and academic development itself. The objective of this article is to describe CMD in Brazilian medical students in their physiological and epidemiological aspects, the main risk factors involved and their variables, and the role of medical schools in this scenario, according to the literature. This is a bibliographic review of the literature with data collected through the Virtual Health Library (VHL) platform and 15 articles were included. Results were found such as: higher rate of CMD in female students, greater psychological distress in the middle of the course, lack of training in educational institutions to deal with students' mental health, significant correlation with the course load and requirements of the medical course, abuse of legal and illicit substances and protective factors such as sports, therapy and a defined support network. It is necessary to break with prejudices about CMD by offering resources so that these students can identify and face the multifactorial nature of the problem and, thinking about the university scenario, it is necessary to implement preventive measures within colleges, in order to promote students' mental health.

Relationship between sleep bruxism and obstructive sleep apnea

Lara Gonçalves de Souza; Lavínia Dias Fernandes; Cassio Rocha Sobreira — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study aimed to conduct an integrative literature review to investigate the relationship between sleep bruxism (BS) and obstructive sleep apnea (AOS), based on articles published between 2014 and 2024. Sleep bruxism is an activity of the masticatory muscles during sleep, which can be phasic or tonic, while AOS is characterized by the interruption of airflow due to airway blockage. The review included studies found in databases such as PubMed and Cochrane Library, using the descriptors “sleep bruxism” and “obstructive sleep apnea”. The research revealed that AOS can increase bruxism activity, mainly due to frequente awakenings caused by apnea episodes. However, despite the association between the two disorders, the literature presents divergences regarding the real extent of this relationship. Studies indicate that individuals with severe AOS tend to have a higher prevalence of bruxism, but there is no consensus on the exact mechanisms that connect these two conditions. The study concludes that more research is needed to establish a clear and understandable link between BS and AOS, with a view to improving the diagnosis and treatment of both conditions.

Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) as a cardiac dysfunction under control of Physical Exercise (PE) among adults and aging adults

Carlos Alberto Castro Monteiro — Thu, 20 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Systemic arterial hypertension is characterized by high levels of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, exceeding BP, with a standard value equal to 120/80, capable of causing damage to the heart, brain, and kidneys. Non-modifiable hereditary factors, such as family history, damage to endothelial mechanisms, narrowing blood vessels, veins and arteries, suggest deleterious effects, causing a reduction in the production of vasodilators, such as nitric oxide and L-arginine. On the other hand, modifiable factors acquired in advanced stages of the life cycle, associated with smoking, alcoholism, nutritional diet, and socioeconomic conditions. This article aims to address hypertension, hemodynamic effects and aging through a literature review. Therefore, some studies by eligibility criteria are part of this review, as they address the efficiency of PE in stabilizing BP, as a hemodynamic response. For this, 154 articles were consulted,13 by the eligibility criteria, with dates between 2018 and 2024, in the databases: BVS, Lilacs, Cielo, JCR, Bireme, PubMed, Scopus, and Pedro. As a result, the effects of PE constituted a stabilizing mechanism of BP, up to 48 hours.

Use of technologies in chronic diseases in Primary Health Care: An integrative review

Sun, 23 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Health Care plays a fundamental role in the care of patients with chronic diseases, being essential for health promotion, complication prevention, and continuity of treatment. In this context, health technologies have been increasingly used to optimize care management and strengthen patient autonomy. This study aimed to identify and analyze the technologies employed in Primary Health Care for managing these diseases in Brazil through a integrative literature review. The research was conducted in scientific databases (SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, and Web of Science), using descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. A total of 456 articles were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria and formed the final sample. The results showed that the main technologies used include electronic medical records, telemedicine, mobile applications, wearable devices, and digital educational tools. Despite the benefits, challenges such as limited infrastructure, the need for professional training, and resistance to technology adoption were identified. It is concluded that the incorporation of technologies in Primary Health Care is essential for improving the management of chronic diseases but requires structural investments, continuous professional training, and monitoring the effectiveness of these innovations.

Effective management of polytrauma: Applying the Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure (ABCDE) method and the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocol to reduce mortality

Fri, 21 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Trauma can be defined as an injury caused by external and violent action. Polytrauma is classified as two or more serious injuries in two or more areas of the body. Knowledge of polytrauma management techniques is essential for managing the condition quickly and accurately, reducing the risk of death. The article aims to review the management of polytrauma patients, seeking to contribute to improving the care of these patients. The narrative literature review methodology was used to prepare the work. The trauma victim patient should be evaluated based on the ATLS protocol, performing an assessment of the airway and stabilization of the cervical spine, ventilation and respiration, circulation, neurological assessment, and exposure and control of the environment, forming the ABCDE. It is essential that health professionals master the ATLS protocol, seeking to provide accurate and agile care to patients.

Relevance of mandibular canal variations in panoramic radiographs: A literature review

Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The Mandibular Canal (MC) is located inside the body of the mandible, extending from the mandibular foramen to the mental foramen, and it may follow as a single canal or present anatomical variations. The most common variations described in the literature include retromolar canals, bifid mandibular canals (BMCs), and trifid mandibular canals (TMCs). This study aims to identify and highlight these anatomical variations, emphasizing their importance for diagnosis in panoramic radiographs and their relevance for clinical practice. A literature review was conducted using the Pubmed, Bireme, Lilacs, and Scielo databases with descriptors in Health Sciences: Mandibular Canal, Anatomical Variation, and Panoramic Radiograph, covering the period from June 2020 to July 2021. Panoramic radiography is a widely used imaging modality by dentists due to its ability to provide a comprehensive view of the maxilla, mandible, and adjacent structures, in addition to being easily accessible. However, the literature indicates that exclusive use of this examination may underestimate important details of the MC anatomical variations. Therefore, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is recommended as a complementary exam for greater diagnostic precision. The results emphasize the importance of recognizing the anatomical variations of the MC, with a focus on BMCs. Knowledge of these variations by clinicians is essential to adapt the planning and execution of procedures, aiming to prevent complications such as: postoperative neuro-sensory deficits due to anesthetic failures; surgical complications in implant insertion and third molar removal; inadequate planning of removable prostheses in atrophied mandibles; and risks in osteotomies involving the mandibular region.

Epidemiological profile of neonates with transposition of the great arteries in Brazil between 2010 and 2022

Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: The cardiovascular system is crucial for human development since the embryonic phase, being essential for the understanding of congenital heart diseases, such as transposition of the great arteries (TGA), where the main arteries of the heart are inverted, compromising blood oxygenation. Objective: To explore the epidemiological profile of neonates diagnosed with transposition of great arteries in Brazil between 2010 and 2022. Methodology: This is a descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. Data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), accessed via DATASUS, were analyzed, covering neonates diagnosed with TGA in Brazil from 2010 to 2022. Results and Discussion: A total of 521 live births with TGA were identified. Most mothers (64.1%, n=334) were between 25 and 34 years old, (72.6%, n=378) started prenatal care in the first trimester, and (77.0%, n=401) attended seven or more consultations. The cesarean section rate was (78.7%, n=410), and (84.5%, n=440) of the neonates were born at term, with (85.2%, n=444) having an adequate birth weight. However, (35.5%, n=185) of newborns showed some degree of asphyxia at the 1st minute and (14.1%, n=72) at the 5th minute according to the Apgar score. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of prenatal monitoring and early diagnosis to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with transposition of the great arteries.

Marfan Syndrome and its cardiovascular repercussions - Aortic involvement

Mon, 24 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Marfan Syndrome (MS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by mutation in the FBN1 gene, affecting fibrillin-1 formation and TGF-β signaling pathway, resulting in significant vascular alterations with high impact on morbidity and mortality. Objective: To review the literature on aortic involvement in MS, analyzing epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations, therapeutic approaches, and prognostic factors, aiming at better understanding of the disease and its complications. Materials and Methods: Exploratory integrative review in four databases (BVS, SciELO, Google Scholar, and PubMed), following PICO methodology, with selection of 22 articles published between 2010-2025 in three languages, analyzed in six systematic stages. Results and Discussion: Aortic involvement affects 50-80% of Marfan Syndrome patients, manifesting as progressive dilation, aneurysms, and aortic dissection. Treatment involves preventive drug therapy and prophylactic surgery in specific cases. Conclusion: Aortic complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in MS, requiring continuous and individualized monitoring. Although therapeutic advances have increased survival, more than half of patients require constant monitoring and show high rates of post-surgical aortic involvement recurrence within a few years, highlighting the need for permanent surveillance and development of new treatment alternatives.

Noncardiac chest pain: The role of costochondritis in differential diagnosis

Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Noncardiac chest pain (NCT) is a common complaint in clinical practice, often resulting in emergency consultations. Although the initial investigation aims to exclude cardiac causes, costochondritis represents an important musculoskeletal etiology, often underdiagnosed, whose recognition is essential to avoid unnecessary invasive examinations and provide appropriate treatment. Objective: The present study aims to explore the contribution of costochondritis in the differential diagnosis of NCT, emphasizing its pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and clinical management. Methodology: An integrative review of the literature was carried out in indexed databases such as PubMed MEDLINE, SCIELO, Ebscohost, Google Scholar and the Virtual Health Library (VHL), using the descriptors "Noncardiac chest pain", "Costochondritis" and "Differential diagnosis". Articles published between 2009 and 2024 were selected, prioritizing clinical studies, systematic reviews, and international guidelines, with critically analyzed data, focusing on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. Results and Discussion: The review demonstrated that costochondritis is responsible for up to 30% of cases of NCDT, with the diagnosis being eminently clinical, based on localized pain on palpation of the sternocostal joints, without systemic inflammatory signs. Treatment includes analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and physical measures, with emerging evidence on the use of physiotherapy techniques for symptomatic relief. Conclusion: It is concluded that costochondritis is a relevant cause of NCDT and should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially after ruling out cardiovascular causes.

Muscle mass and strength are associated with lower scores of Long COVID symptoms

Markus Filardi Moura Olinto; Victor César Dias Lins; Maurílio Tiradentes Dutra — Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Long COVID refers to the persistence of symptoms even after acute recovery from COVID-19. However, the association of anthropometric and functional variables with Long COVID symptoms requires clarification. Objective: to correlate body weight, body fat, muscle mass, muscle strength and function with a score of Long COVID symptom’s prevalence and severity. Methods: This is a Cross-sectional study. Seventeen adult participants (29.5 ± 7.1 kg/m2) were submitted to body composition, strength and physical function assessments. They answered a Long Covid symptoms prevalence and severity questionnaire. Variables were correlated and participants were compared using the median of the Long Covid symptoms score. Results: muscle mass percentage (r = -0.52) and biceps muscle thickness (r = -0.54) negatively correlated with the symptoms score (P < .05), while body fat (r = 0.56) and BMI (r = 0.59) correlated positively (P < .05). Participants below the median of the symptoms score presented higher muscle mass (30.5 ± 5.5 vs 23.3 ± 3.9%), thickness (26.3 ± 4.2 vs 21.2 ± 4.2mm), relative strength (1.28 ± 0.3 vs 0.96 ± 0.3 AU) and functional performance as per the five times sit-to-stand test (9.7 ± 2.1 vs 12.3 ± 2.4 s), whilst presenting lower body fat percentage (32.0 ± 7.6 vs 45.8 ± 9.4%) and BMI (25.6 ± 4.0 vs 33.1 ± 7.4 kg/m2) compared to those above the median, respectively. Conclusions: participants who have better body composition, greater strength and physical capacity show a lower prevalence and intensity of Long COVID symptoms.

Challenges in preparing sports teams for school games in Montes Claros: A study on the training and management of Physical Education teachers

Wed, 26 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the obstacles faced by Physical Education teachers in preparing for the Montes Claros School Games (JEM-MOC) and the Minas Gerais School Games (JEMG). The quantitative research sought to understand the difficulties and methodologies used by the participating teachers. To this end, a structured questionnaire was administered to 37 teachers from different education networks, including municipal, state and private schools, who took part in the JEM-MOC. Data was collected via Google Forms and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, such as mean and standard deviation, to identify patterns and trends in the responses. The results revealed that the teachers, with an average age of 41.7 years, are mostly male (64.86%) and have completed higher education (91.9%). The majority have more than 10 years' experience in the area (67.6%) and have already taken part in the JEMG (97.3%), but 94.6% have not received specific training for this activity. In addition, most of them face difficulties in managing and preparing sports teams due to a lack of time and adequate resources for training, as well as a lack of institutional and financial support, since 94.6% do not receive any additional pay for the job. Despite the challenges, teachers recognize the importance of the School Games as a valuable opportunity for students' social and sporting development.

Occupational therapy in the analysis and adaptation of workstations for people with disabilities: A case report from the perspective of ergonomics and assistive technology

Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The present work aims to report on the role of the occupational therapist in the analysis and adaptation of workstations for the inclusion of people with disabilities, focusing on Ergonomics and Assistive Technology. This is a case study article conducted at a public educational institution located in the city of Recife-PE, involving a public servant (architect) with a physical disability. The actions were developed through an extension project linked to a laboratory in the Department of Occupational Therapy at the University. During the evaluation phase, the characterization of the disability, the environment, and the workstation was carried out, along with the application of standardized tests and instruments aimed at assessing impairments in bodily functions and the impacts on daily activities. In the intervention process, visits to the workstation were made, adaptations and adjustments were implemented for furniture and tools, as well as the prescription and fabrication of orthoses for the upper limbs. It is concluded that the occupational therapist, in the work context, with the support of Ergonomics, can significantly contribute to the inclusion of people with disabilities. Therefore, the use of assistive technology devices emerges as an alternative to promote improvements in functional status. Finally, the need for studies that evaluate and monitor the impact of Occupational Therapy interventions is emphasized, with a view to disseminating scientific knowledge in this area and providing solutions to the target audience.

Glioblastoma multiforme: Recent therapeutic advances and the current role of surgery in integrated management

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults, characterized by a high recurrence rate and low median survival, even with multimodal treatment. The current therapeutic approach involves maximal safe surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide. In recent years, technological and scientific advances have expanded therapeutic possibilities, including the use of neuronavigation, intraoperative fluorescence with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and awake surgery, allowing greater tumor resection with functional preservation. In addition, innovative therapies are emerging, such as immunotherapy, molecular-targeted therapies, use of alternating electric fields (Optune) and drug delivery strategies with nanotechnology. This review article aims to present the main therapeutic advances in the management of GBM, highlighting the fundamental role of surgery in the context of integrated treatment, and discuss future perspectives in tackling this tumor with highly invasive behavior and reserved prognosis.

Effect of training on nursing professionals' knowledge about subcutaneous administration of enoxaparin

Mon, 10 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Blood extravasation resulting from venous trauma during subcutaneous administration of heparin can lead to complications such as pain and bruising. A recent meta-analysis indicates that slow injection (30s) of enoxaparin, compared to rapid injection (10s), is associated with reduced intensity and duration of pain, as well as lower occurrence and size of bruises after 48 to 72 hours. However, it is necessary to consider the knowledge about the applicability of the technique, as administering less than 1mL in 30 seconds is complex. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the pre- and post-intervention knowledge of nursing professionals regarding the administration of subcutaneous enoxaparin sodium injection. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the postoperative ICU of a cardiac surgery hospital in São Paulo-SP. Included were nursing professionals, both nurses and active technicians. A semi-structured form containing 10 multiple-choice questions was applied in the pre- and post-intervention phases, and the impact assessment included direct observation, immediate feedback, and questionnaires filled out by participants before and after the intervention. The evaluation of knowledge level during the training was conducted descriptively, presenting results in frequency and percentage, as well as other statistical measures. Despite limitations such as the absence of long-term evaluation and the study being conducted in a single hospital, the findings reinforce the relevance of continuous investment in health education to reduce errors and promote patient safety.

The impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on the prevention of surgical site infections in colorectal surgery: A critical review of the literature

Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Surgical site infections (SSI) are common complications in colorectal surgeries, increasing morbidity and hospital costs. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is an essential measure to prevent these infections, with its effectiveness depending on the choice of antibiotic, timing of administration, and adherence to protocols. This study, an integrative literature review, analyzed the effectiveness of the main antibiotics used in SSI prophylaxis in colorectal surgeries. Eight articles published between 2020 and 2024 were selected from the PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases using specific descriptors. The results indicated that the combination of oral and intravenous prophylaxis, particularly with nitroimidazoles (ornidazole, metronidazole), aminoglycosides (neomycin), macrolides (erythromycin), and cephalosporins (cefoxitin, ceftriaxone), significantly reduced SSI rates, especially in colon surgeries. However, prolonged prophylaxis did not show additional benefits and may delay postoperative recovery. The implementation of multifaceted preventive protocols, such as bundles, proved effective in reducing SSI, but adherence to preventive measures and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance are crucial. It is concluded that antibiotic prophylaxis is an essential strategy in preventing SSI in colorectal surgeries and should be personalized according to patient and procedural characteristics, ensuring a balance between efficacy and safety.

High-intensity interval training and cardiac rehabilitation: An integrative review of recent evidence

Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has proven to be an effective strategy in cardiac rehabilitation, improving cardiorespiratory capacity (VO₂ peak) and endothelial function. Studies indicate that HIIT may outperform Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICE) in the short term, but long-term benefits remain uncertain. Beyond aerobic improvements, HIIT contributes to reduced blood pressure, improved body composition, and increased adherence to rehabilitation programs due to its shorter training duration. However, individual responses to HIIT vary, influenced by factors such as age, comorbidities, and baseline fitness level. Despite its effectiveness, HIIT safety must be monitored, as there may be cardiovascular risks in high-risk patients. Analyzed studies suggest that combining HIIT with resistance training may optimize cardiac rehabilitation benefits by promoting greater muscle mass preservation and risk factor control. The variability in training response highlights the importance of individualized protocols and continued exercise to maintain achieved benefits. Further research is needed to determine the best application of HIIT in cardiac rehabilitation, considering its long-term effects and strategies to ensure patient adherence.

Analysis of RANK/RANKL expression in metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer: Systematic literature review

Thu, 06 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Breast cancer is the most frequent cause of death from cancer in the female population worldwide and the clinical management of these patients represents a challenge, given the variety of disease progression profiles. The presence of distant metastasis has a major impact on patient survival, with bone metastases being the most common. The RANK/RANKL/OPG system is identified as a signaling pathway involved in the maintenance of bone homeostasis and mammary gland development. The investigation of the association between the biomarkers expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and binding protein (RANKL) in the prognostic and predictive assessment of breast cancer helps in the discussion of the use of denosumab in the prevention of bone metastases and in the treatment of the disease. This study aims to present a systematic review on the analysis of RANK/RANKL expression in metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer. Eight studies totaling 1876 patients were included, and six of the studies demonstrated associations between the occurrence of more aggressive tumors, the metastatic potential of breast cancer, the emergence of bone metastases and, mainly, a worse prognosis in survival curves. The studies included in this review confirm the predictive and prognostic importance of RANK in the evaluation of patients with breast cancer, reaffirming the need for more homogeneous studies for the adequate use of therapeutic and preventive protocols that use this marker as a therapeutic target.

Lipoprotein(a): Biomarker and risk factor in atherosclerosis – from pathophysiology to clinical practice

Mônica Bento Bispo; Délcio Gonçalves da Silva Júnior — Sat, 01 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Lp(a) is a lipoprotein structurally similar to LDL, primarily composed of ApoB-100 and apolipoprotein(a). It is widely recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases due to its influence on atherosclerotic, inflammatory, and thrombogenic processes. Objective: The objective of this research is to conduct a literature review on lipoprotein(a), the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of atherosclerotic lesions, its current clinical use, and an overview of therapeutic approaches. Method: A narrative literature review was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane, JAMA, and Scielo. The search included the keywords: “Lipoprotein(a),” “Atherosclerosis,” and “Cardiovascular Diseases.” A total of 78 studies published in the last 40 years in English were selected based on their relevance to the topic. Results and Discussion: Lp(a) accumulates in atherosclerotic lesions, binds to the extracellular matrix, and transports oxidized phospholipids, promoting inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and plaque instability. Additionally, it interferes with fibrinolysis and enhances platelet aggregation, favoring thrombosis. Studies highlight that elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with a higher risk of atherosclerotic disease, establishing it as an independent biomarker for cardiovascular events. Current guidelines recommend measuring Lp(a) at least once in a lifetime. Conclusion: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is recognized as an independent biomarker and a significant cardiovascular risk factor, implicated in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, thrombogenicity, and vascular inflammation. Targeted therapies have emerged as promising alternatives; however, gaps remain regarding whether the therapeutic reduction of Lp(a) effectively prevents cardiovascular events.

Plant derivatives with antineoplastic potential: A literature review

Mon, 03 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The treatment of neoplasms is a major medical challenge, and the search for new molecules with antineoplastic potential is essential to advance prevention and treatment options. Vegetables have stood out as promising sources of anticancer compounds, but the concomitant consumption of herbal medicines and conventional medicines can generate dangerous drug interactions. In Brazil, the rich biodiversity and the traditional use of medicinal plants give great importance to herbal medicines, but their effects need to be scientifically proven. Drugs such as vincristine, vinblastine and taxol, derived from plants, are already used in antineoplastic chemotherapy. This work carried out a retrospective bibliographic survey to highlight the antineoplastic potential of plant derivatives, selecting 14 articles published in the last 5 years. The databases used were SciELo, PubMed, Google Scholar and CAPES Periodicals. Articles from national and international authors were researched on the use of plant derivatives with antineoplastic potential. Natural products such as triterpenoids, curcumin, isothiocyanates and sulforaphane have demonstrated anticancer activity, modulating the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. However, limitations such as low bioavailability and instability hinder its therapeutic application. Curcumin, for example, faces challenges due to its physicochemical properties. Curcumin, for example, faces challenges due to its physicochemical properties. Despite promising evidence, more research and randomized clinical trials are needed to ensure the efficacy, safety, and understanding of drug interactions of these compounds in cancer treatment.

The role of Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses in breaking the cycle of diseases and environmental damage caused by contaminated water in vulnerable communities: A integrative review

Edilene Gomes de Amorim; Italo Ramon Moreira Alves Nascimento — Wed, 05 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The study aimed to analyze the role of Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses in breaking the cycle of diseases and environmental damage caused by contaminated water in vulnerable communities, through an integrative literature review. An integrative descriptive review was carried out with a qualitative approach, using databases such as LILACS, VHL, SciELO and PubMed. 11 articles published between 2016 and 2024 were selected, which addressed the role of PHC nurses in coping with diseases related to contaminated water. The analysis focused on strategies, challenges and impacts of the interventions. The main strategies adopted by PHC nurses include health education, epidemiological surveillance, intersectoral articulation, and the use of low-cost technologies. The challenges faced are the lack of resources, work overload and the need for continuous training. The interventions led by these professionals had a positive impact on the reduction of environmental damage and the improvement of collective health, especially in peripheral and rural regions. PHC nurses play a crucial role in coping with diseases related to contaminated water, promoting preventive and educational practices that reduce morbidity and mortality and strengthen the resilience of communities. However, challenges such as lack of resources and work overload need to be overcome to maximize the impact of these interventions. Investments in infrastructure, training, and public policies are essential to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of actions.

Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease, is there evidence? An integrative review

Sun, 09 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s Disease (PD), have become a growing burden worldwide. PD is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of Lewy bodies, resulting in motor symptoms. The endocannabinoid system has attracted attention due to its neuroprotective potential, especially with the use of cannabinoid compounds such as THC and CBD. Objective: To analyze the clinical use of THC and CBD in the treatment of patients with PD, investigating the effects on motor symptoms, quality of life and possible adverse effects. Methodology: An integrative literature review was performed, using articles from 2014 to 2025. Results and Discussion: The use of CBD has shown modest effects in improving quality of life and reducing anxiety, but did not significantly impact motor symptoms. The impact of CBD on sleep was positive in terms of satisfaction, but without changes in REM sleep disorders. The combination of CBD and THC, on the other hand, has produced adverse effects, such as dizziness and difficulty concentrating, without clear benefits. Studies suggest that the endocannabinoid system may modulate synaptic functions, but the long-term effects are still uncertain. Conclusion: Although CBD shows some potential to improve quality of life and reduce anxiety, its effects on motor and cognitive symptoms are inconclusive. The combination of THC and CBD should be used with caution, and more controlled research is needed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of these substances in the treatment of PD.

Maurita flexuosa oil is angiogenic

Wed, 12 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The use of medicinal plants and the substances extracted from them is as old as the history of man itself. The evolution of medicines took place empirically, in processes of discovery through trials, errors and successes. In this sense, buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) is a palm tree from the Palmae family, widely distributed throughout tropical America, including the Northeast, North and Central-West regions of Brazil. Thus, buriti has a variety of popular uses for all its parts (roots, leaves, fruit and seeds) as raw material for medicinal and food use, craft furniture and shelter structures. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of Buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa) on karyoallantoic membranes of embryonated chicken eggs, evaluating angiogenic and anti-angiogenic activities. The present study made it possible to understand the effects of the plant on angiogenic activity, with great importance for this relationship since there are no studies of Buriti oil from chorioallantoic membranes of embryonated chicken eggs. From this perspective, it was possible to obtain greater understanding and contribution to the development of future products with good social reach, mainly because it is a plant (renewable source), easily accessible and low cost. The results obtained showed that Mauritia flexuosa presents angiogenic activity, and that the test membranes presented excellent quality, meeting expectations when quantifying vascularization in each of the project stages.

Pancreatic pseudocist: A bibliographic review

Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Pancreatic pseudocyst is a complication related to acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and other aggressions to the pancreatic parenchyma, leading to the formation of fibrotic tissue. Methodology: This article aims to review, in the scientific literature of the main databases, information on pancreatic pseudocysts, highlighting the anatomical aspects. Discussion: The pseudocyst is a peripancreatic fluid collection rich in various pancreatic enzymes, with the potential to develop complications such as infection, hemorrhage, gastric obstruction, or biliary obstruction. In 90% of cases, it resolves spontaneously without therapeutic assistance when smaller than 5 cm, but in larger cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. Its formation results from inflammatory events in the pancreatic parenchyma, whether acute or chronic, which facilitate enzyme leakage and the rupture of associated ducts, leading to fibrosis and cystic tissue formation. The main surgical procedures available for treatment include endoscopic drainage, percutaneous drainage, endovascular therapy, and open surgery. Conclusion: Pancreatic pseudocyst has the potential for severity depending on risk factors such as a size greater than 6 cm and the presence of necrosis, which may evolve with complications, requiring surgical approaches that include endoscopic, endovascular, and open surgery alternatives, depending on the comorbidities and clinical indications of each patient.

Indicators of managerial processes in clinical simulation laboratories: Scoping review protocol

Sat, 08 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To map in the literature studies that address quality indicators for the managerial processes of clinical simulation centers/laboratories. Methods: A scoping review protocol conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search will be carried out in databases such as Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), and SCOPUS, in addition to Google Scholar as a source of gray literature, including articles published from 1990 onwards. There will be no restrictions regarding language, or study design. Article selection will follow a screening process conducted by two independent reviewers using Rayyan® software, with conflict resolution by a third reviewer. Extracted data will be organized and presented descriptively through tables, graphs, and flowcharts, following JBI guidelines. This review is expected to map the existing literature on quality indicators for the managerial processes of clinical simulation centers/laboratories, supporting the development and validation of these indicators.

Prevalence of tooth loss in patients over 50 years of age at a teaching clinic in Vale do Paraíba

Mon, 10 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Studies indicate that tooth loss is still one of the main oral health problems faced by the Brazilian population, especially among the elderly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out a data collection through the analysis of medical records and x-rays of the amount of tooth loss in patients over 50 years of age treated at a teaching clinic in Vale do Paraíba. In this way, a quantitative analysis was carried out among patients at the school clinic between 2020 and 2024, examining periapical and panoramic radiographs to record missing teeth and identify patterns of loss according to the position in the hidden arch, in addition to demographic and health data of the patients. The study analyzed 76 x-rays, finding that 100% of patients had tooth loss. The sample included 35 men (46.1%) and 41 women (53.9%), with a higher prevalence in the age group of 50 to 55 years. In men, 58.1% of losses were in the maxilla and 52.7% in the mandible, while in women, 41.9% were in the maxilla and 47.3% in the mandible. Patients using medications to treat cholesterol, depression, diabetes, thrombosis, anxiety, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia were also identified. Therefore, despite advances in public health, tooth loss among the elderly is still high, the majority of which is caused by cavities, periodontal diseases and systemic conditions. Therefore, requiring preventive strategies and greater access to rehabilitative treatments to improve oral health and quality of life.

Anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL-4 and IL-10) and their relationship with the severity of COVID-19: A systematic review

Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, following an outbreak of pneumonia. The infection can range from asymptomatic to serious conditions, such as pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), the main concern. ARDS is classified into levels of severity based on criteria such as time of onset and hypoxemia. SARS-CoV-2 infection causes inflammation and microvascular thrombosis, with emphasis on the "cytokine storm", which worsens the disease, especially in the elderly. Cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-10 are associated with disease severity and their initial levels can help predict prognosis, influencing treatment. The present study aims to carry out a Systematic Literature Review to evaluate the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-10, in patients with COVID-19 and their relationship with severity, especially in respiratory disorders such as ARDS. The search was carried out in the Pubmed and Lilacs databases, with the inclusion of primary studies and strict eligibility criteria. 197 articles were analyzed, with 13 being considered eligible. The results show that high levels of IL-10 are associated with severe forms of COVID-19, especially elderly patients and patients with comorbidities, who are more susceptible to ARDS. IL-10, in combination with IL-6, can serve as a biomarker to predict disease severity. However, the study has limitations, such as small sample sizes and the lack of comparisons with other inflammatory diseases. Although IL-10 holds promise as an early marker, further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and determine therapeutic approaches. The combination of cytokines and other clinical findings should be considered in the prognosis of COVID-19.

Acute cytomegalovirus hepatitis in an elderly patient: A case report

Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV), also known as human herpesvirus type 5, is transmitted through body fluids and can infect a large number of cells in the individual, enabling systemic transmission within the host. This virus generally causes asymptomatic infections in immunocompetent individuals or mononucleosis-like syndrome, but it can rarely cause systemic infections, such as hepatic manifestation. Objective: This article aims to report a case of hepatitis associated with cytomegalovirus, reinforcing the importance of this agent in the differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis. Methodology: elaborate review of the patient's medical records, as well as a literature review on the subject, indicating epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. Related to the case: A 60-year-old female patient required care at na care at an emergency room with complaints of malaise, asthenia and fever. Antibiotic therapy was prescribed, without remission of symptoms. Blood count showed low hematocrit levels and red blood cells in Rouleaux. Patient with hypertension, dyslipidemia, ex-smoker and immunocompetent. The patient required hospitalization due to anemia, hepatomegaly and positive IgM and IgG serology for CMV, in addition to an upper abdominal ultrasound showing increased parenchyma. After 10 days of hospitalization, there were no relevant complications, and the case was confirmed as cytomegalovirus hepatitis after a positive viral load (quantitative CMV PCR of 9,770 IU/mL). Conclusion: We highlight the manifestation of cytomegalovirus infection presenting with hepatitis in immunocompetent elderly individuals, demonstrating the importance of analyzing this virus in the differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis and encouraging the exploration of knowledge about this disease.

Comparison of weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass (Roux-Y)

Mon, 17 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

In the world, many people undergo rigorous treatments to lose weight. Surgery is currently considered the most effective and longest-lasting method of weight loss. This study aims to evaluate the percentage of weight loss in obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2019 and 2023, in different periods after the surgical procedure. A longitudinal observational quantitative study was conducted to evaluate weight loss in 500 patients who underwent bariatric surgery (250 gastric bypasses and 250 vertical sleeve gastrectomy) from 2019 to 2023, with the surgery team, led by Dr. Guiherme Cotta, in different hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro (Hospital Copa D Or, Hospital Badim, Hospital Quinta D’Or, Hospital Marcos Moraes, Hospital Pasteur, Hospital Israelita Albert Sabim, Hospital Copa Star, Sao Jose Hospital, Gloria D’Or Hospital, Amparo Hospital). Weight loss was analyzed in four periods after surgery (one month, three months, six months, and twelve months). Mean weight loss percentages were compared to using SPSS version 27. The results showed that the body weight, and BMI decrease, are plausible from the same first month for both procedures. Sleeve gastrectomy produces rapid weight loss from the first month (12.06%), but gastric bypass shows better results after one year of bariatric surgery (34.88% for 33.03% of sleeve gastrectomy), although without significant differences.

Cognitive, linguistic, and motor stimulation in individuals with an early-stage Alzheimer's diagnosis: A new concept of early stimulation

Selvin Fallas Núñez — Sun, 23 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that progressively affects cognitive, linguistic, and motor functions, impacting patients' quality of life. This article analyzes the importance of early stimulation in individuals diagnosed in the initial stages, highlighting interventions in these areas. Through a theoretical and documentary review, strategies are proposed to promote autonomy, reduce stress, and improve well-being. The role of caregivers and family members is emphasized, as they require training and support for proper implementation. Additionally, the legal framework supporting patients’ rights is examined. This research serves as a foundation for future studies, redefining early stimulation as an innovative strategy to slow cognitive decline and improve quality of life.

Association between structural and biochemical changes in the brain and chronic pain - An integrative review

Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The present study aimed to analyze the structural and biochemical changes in the brain associated with chronic pain, synthesizing recent findings through an integrative literature review. The research was conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, SciELO, and ScienceDirect, covering publications from 2014 to 2024. Descriptors related to chronic pain and brain changes were used, combined with Boolean operators. The results revealed that chronic pain is associated with functional and structural changes in the brain, such as a reduction in gray matter volume in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and increased functional connectivity in areas related to emotional modulation and pain processing. Additionally, pain experience was described as subjective, with unique neural patterns for each patient, reinforcing the importance of individualized therapeutic approaches. It was concluded that chronic pain involves maladaptive neuroplasticity, affecting critical brain regions for emotional regulation, pain processing, and cognitive functions. Interventions such as neuromodulation and cognitive-behavioral therapy appear promising. These findings highlight the need for integrative and personalized therapeutic strategies, as well as longitudinal studies to deepen the understanding of underlying mechanisms.

Maternal and fetal outcomes of rats submitted to a high-fat diet and micronutrient mixture

Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The consumption of high-fat diets is a global problem. The use of micronutrients, such as calcium and vitamin D, has positive effects on glucose metabolism during pregnancy, reproductive performance, and embryofetal development. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a mixture of micronutrients on glucose metabolism and perinatal outcomes in rats exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD). The female rats received a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) from weaning to the end of pregnancy. The pregnant rats were treated with the micronutrient mixture (Mix) only during pregnancy, and were distributed into 4 groups: SD, SD+Mix, HFD, and HFD+Mix. At the end of pregnancy, the rats were euthanized for collection of maternal adipose tissue, maternal and fetal blood samples, and placental samples. The HFD dams presented a higher number of fetuses with low weight at birth compared to the SD groups. Fetuses from SD+Mix and HFD+Mix had higher serum concentrations of vitamin D compared to the control respective groups. The HFD+mix group had higher maternal serum concentrations of vitamin D and increased rate of fetal viability, lower maternal visceral fat weight and lower percentage of embryonic deaths compared to the HFD group. Thus, the Mix treatment causes benefits to mothers and offspring exposed to HFD intake because of improved maternal glycemia, lower adiposity index, increased serum vitamin D, and embryofetal viability. This study shows the importance of prioritizing a healthy diet to achieve maternal physical well-being and enable the healthy development of offspring.

Deprescription of anti-hypertensives: An integrative literature review

Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: to identify recommendations and/or processes for deprescription antihypertensive drugs in patients with Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). Methodology: integrative literature review, using the Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases. Articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese, containing an abstract in English; articles published in the last 5 years; articles with recommendations and/or processes for deprescribing antihypertensives were included. Results: 4 studies were selected that revealed the main reasons for deprescribing antihypertensives: advanced age and clinical conditions that contraindicate their use and risk of adverse reactions. The studies revealed that centrally acting antihypertensives and alpha blockers were the most reported for deprescription due to the risks of adverse effects and because they are not first-line treatment for hypertension. An algorithm for deprescribing was proposed in the following steps: patients with potential benefit from deprescription; review all antihypertensives used by the patient; assess risks and benefits; patient and family literacy on deprescription; select antihypertensives for deprescribing; monitoring by a multidisciplinary team. Conclusion: there are few studies evaluating deprescription in young or adult patients with controlled blood pressure, using monotherapy or combination of the first treatment options, lacking more evidence to recommend deprescription in these cases. The proposed algorithm is based on a restricted set of evidence and can be considered as a starting point for future investigations.

Profile of pregnant women in prison and their newborns. A case-control study

Thu, 20 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The increase in women in prison generates concern about the relationship with prison infrastructure and the guarantee of women's rights such as quality care for pregnant women and the exercise of motherhood. This study aims to analyze maternal and child health indicators of pregnant women and newborns inmates at the Tremembé Women's Penitentiary, SP, comparing them with those of the general population, and to evaluate the health outcomes of these groups, measuring risks and prognoses. It is a case-control study, composed of 106 pregnant inmates and their babies and 530 non-inmates randomly selected, from 2011 to 2022. The average variables of the inmates were: 25.6 years old; 2.2 pregnancies; 2 living children and 0.3 dead. The average start of prenatal care was 3.5 months with an average of 5.2 consultations. The mean variables of the newborns were: weight 3090.8 grams; Apgar scores at the first and fifth minute, respectively, of 7.9 and 8.9; gestational age of 38.4 weeks and most of the deliveries were vaginal. The pregnant women who were incarcerated were younger, had a greater number of previous pregnancies and live births, started prenatal care later, had fewer consultations, had a higher proportion of vaginal deliveries and were mostly without a partner, compared to the women who were not incarcerated. The level of education was similar between the groups. In this analysis it was possible to identify differences and similarities between the pregnant women in each group, but there were no statistical differences in the variables of the newborns.

Painting as a tool to portray schizophrenia and promote the humanization of medical professionals

Thu, 20 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder, of multifactorial origin, involving genetic and environmental factors. The concept emerged at the end of the 19th century with Emil Kraepelin, who called it "dementia praecox". Later, Bleuler introduced the term "schizophrenia", emphasizing the division between emotions and behavior. Historically, treatment was primitive, with violent practices such as trepanation and lobotomy. The change began with Leo Navratil, who realized the relationship between art and schizophrenia, encouraging artistic expression. In Brazil, the 8th National Health Conference (1986) boosted psychiatric reform, promoting deinstitutionalization and creating Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS). Art began to be seen as a therapeutic tool, contributing to the humanization of treatment and health professionals. The objective of this study is to present the research project that adopts a narrative approach to analyze paintings that portray schizophrenics, taking into account artistic, anatomical, semiological and cultural aspects. The analysis was based on articles from platforms such as Scielo, Google Scholar and PubMed. The research discusses how painting can be a form of expression for schizophrenic individuals, especially due to the negative symptoms of the disease, such as difficulty communicating. Analysis of the works of artists such as Edvard Munch, Richard Dadd and August Natterer reveals how their paintings reflect typical symptoms of schizophrenia. It is concluded that art is an important tool for understanding schizophrenia and can help humanize medical care, highlighting the importance of arts in medical education.

Acute pancreatitis: Definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment

Fri, 21 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreas characterized by severe abdominal pain and elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. The most common etiologies are cholelithiasis and excessive alcohol consumption, although factors such as hypertriglyceridemia and the use of certain medications may also contribute. Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, laboratory findings, and imaging studies, including computed tomography and ultrasonography. Treatment is primarily supportive, encompassing fluid resuscitation, pain management, and nutritional support. Severe cases may require endoscopic, surgical, or intensive care interventions. Early identification of complications, such as pancreatic necrosis and organ failure, is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have focused on biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to improve prognosis and individualize treatment. This study aims to review the main aspects of acute pancreatitis, with an emphasis on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Chronic osteomyelitis in an immunosuppressed patient: Clinical and surgical management

Fri, 21 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Chronic osteomyelitis is a persistent bone infection that presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this study is to present a case report based on previously published scientific literature, analyzing the clinical and surgical approach to the management of osteomyelitis in an immunosuppressed patient. The methodology was structured based on the review of clinical cases described in indexed articles, ensuring ethical compliance and scientific relevance. Treatment involved prolonged antibiotic therapy and surgical intervention to remove necrotic tissue, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. The study reinforces the need for early diagnosis and personalized therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of these patients.

Quality of life of adults and elderly people who practice physical activity in a capital city of northeastern Brazil

Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

In recent years, concern for quality of life has become a reality, especially for the middle-aged population. This study aims to identify the benefits of physical activity practices on the quality of life of individuals over 40 years old. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a Brazilian gym. Validated instruments such as WHOQoL-BREF and the Nottingham Health Profile were used. The statistical analysis in this study was based on a variety of statistical methods, including descriptive measures and hypothesis testing. Strength training provided greater mobility (p=0.029) compared to those who did not practice it, in addition to improving physical condition. Furthermore, physical activity showed benefits in the social and psychological domains, improving social relationships, psychological state, and increasing post-workout energy. Thus, regular physical activities positively impact the quality of life of adults and the elderly by promoting physical, mental, and social health. Strength training, Pilates, and water aerobics stand out for their effectiveness in preventing diseases and slowing the effects of aging.

Memory updating and hypnotherapy in the modulation of lactose intolerance: A multiple case report

Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Lactose intolerance affects millions of people worldwide, significantly impacting quality of life due to undesirable gastrointestinal symptoms. Conventional treatments, such as dietary restriction and enzyme supplementation, fail to address potential emotional and psychological factors influencing the condition’s manifestation. This study aims to investigate the application of memory regression and updating using the RB7 method in treating lactose intolerance, analyzing whether psychological intervention can modulate patients' physiological responses. A total of 42 participants with a confirmed diagnosis were selected, of whom 36 completed the protocol. The intervention consisted of four individual hypnotherapy sessions focused on identifying and reinterpreting memories associated with adverse responses to lactose consumption. Symptom assessments were conducted before and after the intervention, as well as at a six-month follow-up. Results demonstrated a significant reduction in symptom frequency and intensity, with sustained therapeutic effects over time. These findings suggest that memory updating may play a crucial role in the physiological response to food intolerance, offering new insights for integrative therapeutic approaches. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore its applicability to other gastrointestinal and psychosomatic conditions.

Bronchiectasia and primary immunodeficiency associated with gastric neoplasm: A case report

Chiara Yasmin Sena Zanella; Andrea Marcia Cunha Acosta — Mon, 24 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Bronchiectasis is characterized by irreversible dilation of the bronchi, resulting in chronic lung dysfunction and multiple associated complications. There are several causes that can lead to its development, and with the advancement of imaging methods, diagnosis has become increasingly accurate and frequent, even in asymptomatic patients. The objective of this case report was to highlight the association between bronchiectasis in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and an increased risk of developing gastric cancer. In addition to the typical pulmonary complaints of this condition, the patient also presented gastrointestinal symptoms. During further investigation, a diagnosis of gastric neoplasia was identified, which led to the indication of gastrectomy. The objective of this report is to alert to the higher incidence of neoplastic diseases in patients with bronchiectasis and CVID, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis. This awareness is essential for the adequate management of these conditions, promoting more effective monitoring and improving the patient's quality of life.

Functional status of adults undergoing orotracheal intubation at discharge from the Intensive Care Unit

Emanoela Rudzianski; Tainá Samile Pesente — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Patients admitted to intensive care units undergo a series of invasive treatments, bed rest, and the systemic inflammatory response of the underlying disease, and are susceptible to musculoskeletal changes and reduced functionality. This study aimed to assess the functional status of young adults who underwent orotracheal intubation upon discharge from intensive care. This is a cross-sectional, quantitative, observational, and field research study with an applied purpose. Patients aged 18 to 44 years who remained in the ICU for more than 72 hours were included. Sociodemographic data, history of current illness and clinical evolution in the ICU, mobility assessment (ICU Mobility Scale), functional assessment (Functional Independence and Measurement), assessment of peripheral muscle strength (Medical Research Council), and assessment of respiratory muscle strength (manovacuometry) were collected. The sample consisted of 9 individuals with a mean age of 28 years, 88.9% of whom were male. The average length of stay in the ICU was 17.7 days, and they were intubated for an average of 12.9 days. The results of the peripheral muscle strength scale showed that 100% had a diagnosis of muscle weakness acquired in the ICU. It was observed that 77.8% had changes in the respiratory muscles through MIP values, and 88.9% had MEP values below normal. It was also possible to observe changes in functionality in 78.8% of the participants. The results indicated satisfactory mobility, where the majority were able to walk with or without assistance. Finally, it was observed that even with peripheral and respiratory muscle weakness, and changes in functionality, the mobility of the participants was preserved.

Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema: Diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic advances – Analysis of the current literature

Wed, 26 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) is a medical emergency characterized by rapid accumulation of fluid in the lungs, secondary to increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure due to cardiac dysfunction. Left ventricular failure is the main cause, resulting in severe respiratory impairment that requires immediate intervention. Objective: The present study aims to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies of ACPE, with emphasis on the emergency approach. Methodology: An integrative literature review was carried out in indexed databases such as PubMed MEDLINE, SCIELO, Ebscohost, Google Scholar, and the Virtual Health Library (VHL), using the descriptors “Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema”, “Heart failure,” and “Treatment”. Articles published between 2010 and 2024 were selected, prioritizing clinical studies, systematic reviews, and international guidelines, with data critically analyzed, focusing on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. Results and Discussion: The review showed that the diagnosis of EAPC is based on clinical criteria — such as sudden dyspnea, pulmonary rales, and orthopnea — associated with radiological findings of bilateral alveolar infiltrate. Treatment involves ventilatory support, loop diuretics, vasodilators, and, in refractory cases, the use of inotropes. New evidence points to the role of early noninvasive ventilation as a factor in reducing mortality. Conclusion: EAPC remains a therapeutic challenge, requiring immediate diagnosis and early intervention to improve survival.

Epidemiological profile of leprosy in the municipality of Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil, from 2020 to 2022

Thu, 27 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To understand the epidemiological profile of leprosy in the municipality of Cuiabá (MT). Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive epidemiological study based on data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) available in the DW WEB system (SES-MT). The study included all patients diagnosed with leprosy between 2020 and 2022. Incidence and relative frequency analyses were performed to determine the epidemiological profile of infected patients, considering variables such as classification, treatment regimen, clinical forms, degree of physical disability, and mode of detection. The Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test were used to verify possible associations, with a p-value < 0.05. Results: A total of 992 new cases were reported during the study period, with 2022 accounting for the highest number of notifications (43.04%). The mean age of patients was 47.15 years (standard deviation: 17.03 years). The diagnosed patient profile was predominantly male (52.12%), Black or Brown (74.84%), aged over 45 years (total: 59.68%), and with an educational level up to high school (total: 67.94%). The most common clinical form was Dimorphous (80.65%), detected through spontaneous demand (26.92%), with a 12-dose treatment regimen (89.31%), and most patients presented with a grade zero disability (19.35%). Conclusion: The study determined the disease incidence in the analyzed period and the profile of infected individuals.

Comprehensive analysis of the regulation of autophagy gene expression by microRNAs

Daniela Beló Brum; Igor Araújo Vieira — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Autophagy can be defined as a cellular mechanism activated when an organelle is aged or dysfunctional, leading to the degradation of its components for energy production. It acts as a tumor suppressor or oncogenic mechanism, assuming a dubious role in tumorigenesis. Numerous studies have described alterations in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) that modulate the autophagic process in different tumor types. This study aimed to review basic concepts about autophagy and identify the main miRNAs that regulate the expression of autophagy-related genes and their role as potential tumor biomarkers. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed and Scielo using generic terms. The miRTarBase and DIANA-TarBase v8 public databases were used to collect validated miRNA-target gene interactions, while UALCAN allowed comparing the gene expression profiles of selected miRNAs in normal vs. tumors. The autophagy-related genes with the highest number of miRNAs validated as regulators of their expression were ATG1, ATG9A, ATG16L1, and SQSTM1. We also found three miRNAs (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p) that regulate a greater number of autophagy-related genes. Interestingly, hsa-miR-20a-5p showed significant overexpression in prostate, breast, lung, colorectal, and liver tumors. Taken together, these data suggest hsa-miR-20a-5p as the most outstanding miRNA in the regulation of autophagy and a promising biomarker of solid tumors, which requires further studies to validate its role in tumorigenesis.

The importance of developing primary care in the prevention and treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in northeastern Brazil

Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) represent a global public health challenge, with AIDS being one of the most concerning, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. This study aims to analyze how primary health care influences the incidence of AIDS cases caused by HIV in the Northeast of Brazil, highlighting the importance of developing this public sector to improve the quality of life of the northeastern population. The methodology used was a bibliographic review based on articles published between 2020 and 2025, obtained from databases such as Medline, Lilacs, Virtual Health Library (BVS), Google Scholar, and CAPES Journals. The results show that the Northeast faces challenges in accessing healthcare, exacerbated by Cuba’s withdrawal from the Mais Médicos program, the lack of medical training, and the unequal distribution of professionals. Additionally, medical precariousness, prejudice, and social stigma hinder diagnosis and treatment. It is concluded that strengthening primary care is essential to reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS, improve access to early diagnosis, and ensure adequate treatment, contributing to the quality of life of the northeastern population. This study sought to portray HIV cases in the Northeast, address the distribution of these infection cases, and emphasize the importance of continuous observation of the pathology.

Challenges faced by Obstetric Nurse in their daily care activities from the perspective of Resident Nurse

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this study is to reflect on some challenges faced by obstetric nurses in their daily care from the perspective of the resident nurse. This is a theoretical and reflective essay constructed from the critical thinking and experiences of the author and specialists, theoretically supported by scientific publications. Three stages of the Problematization Methodology were used to construct this study. As a result, it is worth highlighting that the experiences in the context of training in the Obstetric Nursing Residency Program allowed us to reflect on the challenges faced by obstetric nurses in their daily care. This reflection considered the challenges related to Public Health Strategies and Policies, the challenges related to the Quality of Prenatal Care, and the issues of work overload, limitation of professional autonomy, judgment of obstetric conduct, and insertion of good practices into daily care. It is concluded that the importance of the insertion of the obstetric nurse in services aimed at women's health is evident, guaranteeing her empowerment and autonomy, in order to contribute qualitatively to the reduction of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, the humanization of care, maternal satisfaction, reduction of unnecessary procedures and the demedicalization of childbirth.

Neurosurgical management of severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, being responsible for a high number of hospitalizations in intensive care units and for permanent neurological consequences. This review aims to analyze the main surgical interventions used in the management of severe TBI, addressing their indications, techniques, clinical outcomes and contemporary challenges. Among therapeutic strategies, neurosurgical management plays a fundamental role in reducing intracranial pressure (ICP), controlling expansive lesions and preventing secondary cerebral lesions. The main surgical indications include intracranial hematomas (epidurais, subdurais, intraparenchymatous), refractory cerebral edema and imminent hernia sinais. Decompressive craniectomy has been consolidated as a key procedure in cases refractory to clinical treatment, its impact on functional prognosis is still subject to debate in the literature. Recent studies emphasize the importance of continuous ICP monitoring, use of evidence-based protocols and individualization of the surgical approach. This review seeks to critically analyze the current neurosurgical procedures in severe TBI, highlighting indications, techniques used, clinical results and future perspectives in an attempt to optimize the care of these complex patients.

Characterization of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss related to work in the Southern region of Brazil from 2019 to 2023

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: to carry out an epidemiological analysis of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) related to work in Southern Brazil in the time frame from 2019 to 2023. Methodology: this is a quantitative and descriptive study, which used the database of the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) as a source of information, and data were also filtered according to the following factors: age group, sex, race and year of notification. Results: this study identified the registration of 837 cases of work-related NIHL, in the period analyzed, with emphasis on the State of Rio Grande do Sul, which had the highest number of notifications with 69% (n = 582), while the year of notification with the highest registration of the disease was 2019, with a total of 27% (n = 226) of all notifications. Conclusion: according to this article, it is possible to infer that work-related PAR is a current public health problem in the South and that the typical profile of people with work-related PAR is composed of male individuals, aged between 50 and 64 years old and white. It is also concluded that work-related PAR is a possible underreported disease in the region, and there is a need for more effective reporting strategies for a greater epidemiological understanding of the disease.

Stabilization of swine wastes: A systematic review of its environmental impact and technological alternatives

Wendy Zambrano; Carlos Banchón — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The inadequate management of swine fecal waste endangers human health and the environment, causing soil contamination, the spread of zoonoses, and eutrophication of water bodies. These nutrient-rich wastes also contain antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), posing a significant public health risk. This systematic review aims to identify optimal operating parameters for stabilizing pig waste, focusing on the production of compost, biosolids and biogas, while taking into account the specific composition of these wastes. Operational parameters for waste stabilization, including composting, and biogas generation, are analyzed. The findings aim to identify issues and propose solutions for a more sustainable and efficient management of these wastes, thereby protecting the environment and public health.

Low to moderate risk unstable angina and stable angina: A review of non-invasive stratification methods validated in the current scenario

Karen Isabelle Pontes Duran Bottaro — Fri, 07 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has a wide and variable clinical spectrum, with patients suspected of having anything from anginal equivalents such as epigastralgia, cervicobrachial paresthesia, dyspnea, to typical chest pain or even, in a more nefarious scenario, cardiorespiratory arrest (CA). Cardiovascular diseases are the biggest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and ACS is usually the first manifestation of this. The distinction between high-risk unstable angina, which often requires an invasive approach with cardiac catheterization, and low- to moderate-risk angina, for which various non-invasive stratification tools can be applied, is extremely important. This article aims to explore, through a bibliographic review, the various diagnostic strategies in the context of stable and unstable coronary artery disease (CAD) with low to moderate risk. Given that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and that stable and unstable angina at low to moderate risk have a wide range of stratification methods, the aim of this study is to carry out a literature review of the main validated graphic methods, analyzing their main tools - advantages, disadvantages, sensitivity and specificities - and their application in the context of unstable angina at moderate risk and stable angina.

Animal welfare in free-range systems: Integrating environmental, behavioral, and physiological aspects in Lohmann Brown egg-laying hens

Mon, 31 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The free-range system has been used as an alternative to promote the welfare of laying hens. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental and behavioral factors of laying hens raised in this system. Conducted in a commercial barn, the study involved hens aged 18-24 weeks from the Lohmann-Brown lineage. The microclimate, aviary bedding, and nests were assessed, along with pododermatitis and feather condition. Measurements of temperature, respiratory frequency, and corticosterone hormone analysis were also conducted. The climatic conditions were favorable, remaining within the thermoneutral zone, with no incidence of pododermatitis or feather lesions. Natural, social, feeding, reproductive, stress-related, locomotor, exploratory, and resting behaviors were observed, with morning highlighting internal area and afternoon external area. Maintenance behaviors prevailed in the afternoon, with greater social behavioral expression in the intermediate period. The interaction between observation period and age of the hens had a significant effect on body temperature. Behavioral and physiological assessments are effective tools for evaluating animal welfare. It is concluded that the free-range system is satisfactory in terms of comfort and welfare of laying hens.

Herbicide selectivity for peach palm

Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) is a palm tree native to the Amazon and its fruits are consumed by amazonian people and are a source of income for extractivists and smallholders. In addition to the traditional use, the peach palm has been exploited for sustainable production of heart of palm due to the tillering of the plants, and the cultivated area has expanded to meet the demand of the heart of palm agroindustry. Like any crop, the peach palm suffers negative interference from weeds that cause reduced plant growth and yield and quality of the heart of palm. Weed control with herbicides is an alternative to manual control, as it is less labor-intensive, has lower operational costs, and is highly effective during the rainy season. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of the herbicides 2,4-D dimethylamine (670, 1005, 1340 and 1675 g), diuron (750, 1250, 1750 and 2250 g), metribuzin (240, 480, 720, 960 g) and fenoxaprop (55, 82.5, 110 and 137.5 g). The experiment was conducted in nursery conditions in pots with peach palm seedlings at the stage growth of four fully expanded leaves. 2,4-D, diuron and metribuzin were applied under the canopy of the seedlings and fenoxaprop on the leaves. All herbicides at all doses were selective for peach palm.

Surface quality of massaranduba wood after sanding with different grit sizes

Wed, 19 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Sanding is essential for achieving high-quality wood surfaces, reducing imperfections, and preparing them for finishes, resulting in greater durability. The present study aimed to analyze the surface quality of massaranduba wood through the roughness parameters Ra, Rq, and Rz after sanding with different grit sizes. Fifty test specimens were evaluated after sanding with grits 80, 120, 180, 220, 320, 400, and 600. Roughness was measured using a drag profilometer (SURFTEST SJ-210) and analyzed through ANOVA and Scott-Knott test (5% significance) using SISVAR software. The results showed that Ra and Rq followed the same pattern, indicating that grit 220 provides a satisfactory surface finish. The Rz parameter exhibited a different pattern, suggesting that the best finish is achieved with grit 400. Roughness progressively decreased with sanding. The 80-120-180-220-320-400 sequence demonstrated the best performance for all studied parameters. It is concluded that sanding up to grit 400 is the most recommended for massaranduba wood, ensuring better surface quality in all evaluated parameters.

Characterization of Colonial cheeses from nine agro-industries in the Cantuquiriguaçu Territory – Paraná

Ana Carla Ribeiro Ferreira; Daniela Ragazzon; Eduarda Molardi Bainy — Fri, 21 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this study was to characterize the production of artisanal Colonial cheeses from nine agro-industries in the Cantuquiriguaçu Territory, Paraná, Brazil. Nine producers participated in the initial mapping, of which three were registered with the Municipal Inspection Service (SIM), one was in the process of regularization, and five had no inspection or adequate structure. The cheeses were analyzed to determine the moisture and fat contents in the dry extract (GES) for classification of the cheeses according to Ordinance No. 146/1996 - Technical Regulation of Identity and Quality (RTIQ) for dairy products from MAPA. Additionally, the protein, ash, water activity (Aw), pH, instrumental color, and sensory characteristics were determined. Three cheeses were classified as high moisture and seven as medium moisture. As for the fat content in the dry extract, nine cheeses were classified as fatty, and only one was semi-fatty. The protein content was above 18.1g/100g and ash around 3.0g/100g. The pH ranged from 4.6 to 6.3 and the Aw was high between 0.89 and 0.93. The cheeses had characteristic coloration, with light and yellowish shades. The sensory characteristics varied for all evaluated attributes: rind, color, texture, consistency, odor, and flavor. Knowledge of the cheese characteristics in the region is essential for the improvement and value addition of Colonial cheese produced in the Cantuquiriguaçu Territory.

Post-harvest fruit quality: A bibliometric analysis

Fri, 07 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study presents a bibliometric analysis on postharvest fruit quality, aiming to identify trends, research gaps, and innovations within the field. Using bibliometric methods, 1,311 publications from 2010 and december of 2023 were selected based on specific criteria and analyzed through tools like VOSViewer and Bibliometrix to map collaborations, citations, and relevant keywords. The study highlights the growing importance of sustainable practices and technologies to ensure the longevity and quality of agricultural products. The analysis indicates that innovations such as edible coatings and natural antioxidants, along with the use of biosensors and artificial intelligence, hold significant potential for enhancing fruit conservation and reducing losses. Additionally, the findings underscore that international scientific collaboration—especially among emerging and developed countries, with China and Brazil leading in publications and partnerships—drives progress in the sector, strengthening food security and the sustainability of agricultural supply chains. The study further reveals that integrated strategies, such as climate-smart agriculture, are essential for reducing losses, bolstering food security, and promoting more sustainable supply chains. These findings not only contribute to guiding future research but also provide a basis for public policy on postharvest conservation, essential for addressing global challenges related to food waste and climate change.

Erythrina mulungu: Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Potential – A narrative review

Sun, 09 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The Brazilian plant Erythrina mulungu Mart. ex Benth, from the Fabaceae family, is used in traditional medicine as a natural sedative, aiding in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression. Its extracts, typically obtained from the bark, fruits, and leaves, have well-documented pharmacological properties, especially hydroalcoholic extracts. However, the therapeutic effects and toxicity of this plant remain poorly explored. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic applications of Erythrina mulungu and its fractions through a literature review using databases such as SCIELO, MEDLINE, BIREME, PubMed, and Google Scholar. It was found that Erythrina species are rich in tetracyclic alkaloids with curare-like activity, inducing muscle paralysis. Compounds such as erythrartine, erythravine, and their derivatives exhibited anxiolytic effects comparable to benzodiazepines. Additionally, activities in the central nervous system have been documented, including neurotransmitter receptor modulation and anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic effects. The plant has also demonstrated antibacterial and antinociceptive properties. Despite this evidence, the biological activities of E. mulungu remain underexplored, highlighting the need for further studies to better understand its mechanisms of action, safety, and therapeutic applications.

Record and occurrence of Chilomima clarkei (Amsel) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in cassava in Amazonas and Rondônia, Brazil

Sat, 08 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Cassava is one of the main crops cultivated in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. It is a highly important plant for food security and is considered by many as a subsistence crop due to its ability to withstand various climatic adversities and soil conditions. As a result, it can be grown almost anywhere, making it a crop found in all Brazilian states. Therefore, understanding the insects associated with this crop is essential, especially when they are pests capable of causing damage. The objective of this study was to report the first record and assess the occurrence of the stem borer in cassava crops in the states of Rondônia and Amazonas. The occurrence of the stem borer, Chilomima clarkei (Amsel, 1956) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), was identified and recorded in cassava crops in these states.

Comparative analysis of quality indicators and regulatory compliance of milk in different rural properties in the municipality of Aparecida, state of Paraíba (PB), Brazil

Sat, 08 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study aimed to analyze the quality of milk produced in different rural properties in the municipality of Aparecida, PB, comparing indicators such as pH, acidity, density, fat content, and cryoscopy, and verifying compliance with regulations established by the Ministry of Agriculture. The research involved collecting milk samples from five producers over a period of 30 days, with physico-chemical analyses conducted in triplicate. The results indicated that most producers met the parameters required by legislation, with producer P1 standing out for presenting better results in acidity and density, reflecting proper management and refrigeration practices. However, variations were observed in some parameters, such as acidity and density, suggesting that adopting more rigorous temperature control and feeding practices could improve milk quality. The study contributes to understanding the variability in local milk production and reinforces the importance of implementing good practices to ensure compliance with sanitary standards and food safety.

Assessment of the Water Quality Index in the Sete de Setembro Stream Dam, in the City of Nanuque, State of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil

Giovanni Guimarães Landa; Aline Reali Valfré; Simara Silva Souza — Mon, 24 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study was carried out in a small lentic environment (Córrego Sete de Setembro Dam) in the municipality of Nanuque (MG). The objective was to evaluate the water quality of this dam by calculating the WQI (water quality index) in the months of December 2015 and June 2016, corresponding to the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. By calculating the WQI, it was observed that the dam has a poor water quality index. A high concentration of thermotolerant coliforms and phosphorus was observed during the rainy season, confirming the occurrence of domestic waste dumping in the water body that feeds the dam and that this waste alters the water quality. The results prove the fragility of establishing water quality when the polluting source is domestic sewage, reinforcing the need for adequate treatment of domestic effluent and improvement of the impacted aquatic ecosystems.

Propolis extracts in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais: Unveiling quality and identity

Anderson Antonio Neto da Silva; Antônio Francisco de Freitas — Fri, 21 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This research aims to analyze the quality of propolis extracts sold in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, verifying the compliance of these products with the standards established in Normative Instruction N° 3, of January 19, 2001, of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA). Physicochemical parameters were analyzed, including alcohol content, dry extract, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, wax content and antioxidant activity. The results revealed that two samples presented dry extract below the regulatory limit, while three demonstrated low antioxidant activity, indicating a lower concentration of bioactive compounds. Despite the adequacy of the alcohol and wax contents, the variation in the chemical composition reinforces the influence of factors such as botanical origin and processing on the final quality of the product. These findings highlight the need for more rigorous quality control, ensuring the standardization and safety of the extracts marketed.

Characterization and in vivo biological performance of collagen-like from marine sponges: A review

Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The use of collagen-based biomaterials in tissue engineering has surged in recent decades due to collagen's advantages, including biocompatibility, controlled biodegradation, and support for cell adhesion and differentiation. Traditional collagen sources, often from bovine or porcine origins, pose challenges such as zoonotic risks, immunogenic reactions, and ethical concerns. To address these limitations, researchers are exploring innovative collagen sources, such as marine sponges. Collagen from marine sponges, known as spongin (SPG) or spongin-like collagen (SC), exhibits biocompatibility and is considered a natural component for tissue regeneration, serving as a cell-matrix adhesion framework. Our group has conducted experiments over several years to extract SPG from sponges, assess its biocompatibility and cytotoxicity, as well as its in vitro and in vivo biological effects. This research aims to review the data obtained from our research on characterization and in vivo biological performance of collagen-like from marine sponges. Furthermore, combining SPG with ceramics like hydroxyapatite and bioactive glasses has demonstrated beneficial biological properties. Despite ethical and regulatory challenges, marine sponge collagen shows promise as a natural biomaterial that could improve patients' quality of life, particularly in bone injury treatments. This review highlights the innovative use of marine sponges and their collagen-based components in tissue engineering, emphasizing their potential as a promising alternative for bone injury treatment. Additionally, it underscores the need for further research to fully harness this natural biotechnological resource.

Addition of prebiotic jabuticaba pulp (Myrciaria cauliflora) as sweetener in kefir

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Kefir is a fermented dairy product rich in micronutrients that contribute to human health and well-being. Sucrose is the most used sweetener added, however, if consumed in excess can cause harm to health beyond. An alternative to sucrose is fruit pulp, such as jabuticaba, which contains natural sugars, great nutritional value and can improve flavor to the final product. This present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of sucrose and prebiotic jabuticaba pulp in milk kefir, evaluating the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties for 30 days of storage. The kefir fermentation process was characterized analyzing pH, acidity, total soluble solids (TSS) content, and count of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Afterwards, 5 kefir formulations were prepared, with 5% and 7.5% of sucrose, 5% and 7.5% of jabuticaba pulp spray dried with polydextrose and the control without addition of sucrose. Water holding capacity (WHC), pH, TSS, and aerobic and anaerobic yeast count and LAB of formulations were performed on days 0, 15 and 30 of storage at 4 °C. Samples with sucrose showed higher sensory acceptance, and samples with jabuticaba pulp were characterized as very acid, acid aroma, liquid texture, slightly bitter and slightly sweet. The results of this study showed that the addition of prebiotic jabuticaba pulp is a good strategy to make kefir healthier.

Energy gains from the use of more efficient technologies for large-scale wind generators in Brazil

Rafael Balbino Cardoso; Bárbara Morais Maia — Sun, 09 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Currently, different brands of wind turbines are in operation in Brazil, and the use of more efficient technologies results in higher capacity factors, which consequently generate greater amounts of energy and reduce environmental impacts. In this sense, this study aims to estimate the energy impacts of the use of large-scale wind turbines by comparing and analyzing the power x speed curves and the capacity factors of three large-scale wind turbines studied. The case study was carried out for the climatic conditions of the city of Itapipoca - CE, since the city has great potential for wind generation. With the case study, it was possible to verify that there was a difference of more than 7% in the capacity factors between the most efficient and the least efficient technology, of the three studied. Thus, the work concludes that the choice of a more efficient generator can result in significant amounts of additional energy generated, resulting in a reduction of greenhouse emissions, since wind generation is one of the least polluting.

Analysis of Rural Sanitation Management in the city of Pará de Minas under the look of Organizational Engineering

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

It is responsibility of the State to ensure sanitary sewage. However, this is not the case, as data reveals that a large portion of the population does not have adequate access to it, with rural areas facing more gaps, primarily in public policies and management. In Pará de Minas/MG, this responsibility lies with the city, which outsources it to CAPAM (Companhia de Águas de Pará de Minas). Due to existing contracts, part of the rural area remains under the municipality's management, leaving residents without access to services, demonstrating flaws and a need for solutions and changes. This article aims to discuss the factors contributing to this issue using elements of Organizational Engineering, with the goal of providing a more analytical view of the situation and suggesting potential improvements. Elements of strategic, organizational, and project management were used, along with analyses of the sanitation model described in the PMSB (Municipal Sanitation Plan), laws such as the Federal Basic Sanitation Policy, interviews with municipal government officials, company representatives, and residents of the Limas do Pará community, part of the municipality. These were compared with the provisions of the National Rural Sanitation Program (PNSR). Among the results are the lack of access to sanitation for the population, limited knowledge of technologies, and discrepancies regarding contracts and companies. Additionally, it was possible to understand the causes of the problems and identify solutions for each part of the issue, through the development of plans and alternative, sustainable technological solutions aimed at the population and managers.

Coagulation and advanced oxidation in the removal of contaminants and antibiotic resistance in domestic wastewater

Melany Alcívar; Gema Bravo; Carlos Banchón — Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The effluent water from oxidation lagoons in Calceta, Ecuador, was evaluated, along with its subsequent treatment through advanced oxidation. The objective was to assess the efficiency of zeolite as a catalyst in the advanced oxidation process to mitigate antibiotic-resistant bacteria in domestic wastewater. The physicochemical parameters of the effluent from the oxidation lagoon were characterized before and after the treatments, including pH, turbidity, total solids (TS), suspended solids (SS), and electrical conductivity (EC). Fifteen advanced oxidation treatments were applied, varying the ozonation times and the doses of zeolite and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The results showed that treatments with ozone and H₂O₂, combined with zeolite, achieved a significant reduction in contaminants. A reduction of 99,99% in total coliform growth was reached. The treatments were also effective in the removal of color (up to 92,59%) and the reduction of turbidity (up to 93,06%). Despite these results, the isolated microorganisms were resistant to bacitracin and ampicillin but showed sensitivity to amikacin and levofloxacin, with inhibition zones reaching 34 mm.

Proposal for a Knowledge Management Framework applied to the development of software for Public Administration

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Knowledge management (KM) is a subject that has been widely researched in academia and in public and private organizations. Over time, this topic has been strategically implemented as a management method to disseminate business information. Whether internally, by training personnel, or externally, by creating marketing and sales campaigns. Managing knowledge strategically in an organization that promotes improvements in the systems of other organizations, more than increasing productivity and business viability, consolidates its image and brand in the market, in addition to favoring its strategy and strengthening its culture. The objective of this article is to propose a knowledge management framework applied to software development for public administration. In the first stage of this research, a literature review was carried out to systematize the state of the art on the subject. In a second stage, the main areas of concentration of knowledge in the software development process were identified. References for the production and dissemination of this knowledge were also sought in the literature. Finally, the proposed knowledge management model was validated, contributing to software development organizations for public management in optimizing resources and decision-making by the manager for this area.

Bioplastics based on Musa paradisiaca peels for domestic wastewater treatment

Andrea Vargas; Derlyn Zambrano; Carlos Banchón — Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this study is to present a literature review that analyzes how the low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in domestic wastewater limits microbial activity in processes such as anaerobic digestion, affecting the degradation of contaminants. The incorporation of bioplastics derived from banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) is proposed as a contribution of biodegradable organic carbon to optimize the C/N ratio and improve denitrification. Bioplastics, rich in starch and nutrients, increase treatment efficiency, valorizing agricultural waste and aligning with the circular economy, reducing environmental impact and dependence on fossil resources. In addition, bioplastics function as coagulants, flocculants and biodegradable substrates, facilitating the removal of contaminants and the production of biogas. Although their implementation improves biological treatments, it requires an adequate balance of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to maximize microbial activity. The results of this systematic review highlight the economic viability and sustainability, positioning bioplastics as a promising alternative as adjuvants in wastewater treatment processes, contributing to efficient waste management and the development of green technologies.

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma: A systematic review

Sun, 23 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Background: Peripheral odontogenic fibroma (POF) is a rare benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor, representing only 0.05% of biopsy specimens. Despite its rarity, POF is considered the most prevalent peripheral odontogenic tumor. Conducting a systematic review is essential to determine the predominant epidemiological, clinical, and histological characteristics of POF, assisting dentists in similar cases. Aim: This study aimed to elucidate the epidemiological, clinical, and histological characteristics of POF through a systematic review. Methods: The systematic review followed the PRISMA criteria. The clinically relevant question was: What is the epidemiological, clinical, and histological profile of POF. Articles in English were included, with individuals (humans) with a histological diagnosis of POF. Literature review articles that did not define the type of lesion were excluded. The search was conducted in several databases until December 2016. Results: Of the 964 articles, only 49 were eligible. The most frequent epidemiological characteristics were white women between the 2nd and 4th decades of life. Clinically, the lesions were located mainly in the mandibular gingiva, with characteristics of a nodule, ulcerated or not, sessile, red, smooth, or lobed surface, and an average size of 1.71 cm. The main histopathological findings were the absence of ulceration of the superficial epithelium, fibrocellular connective tissue, with or without calcifications, non-encapsulated lesion, with abundant or scarce presence of islands and strands of odontogenic epithelium. Conclusion: This topic requires more articles with a higher level of scientific evidence, such as a systematic review, requiring greater scientific rigor in the quality of these articles.

The risks of excessive use of contraceptives

Lucas Oliveira Campos; Jânio Sousa Santos — Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Emergency contraception is a technique that can be used during unsafe sexual intercourse and also in situations of sexual violence. Excessive use of ec can cause various health problems and should only be used in critical situations. The goal is to reduce the incidence of unplanned pregnancies and abortions, as well as to limit maternal morbidity and mortality. The research seeks to detail the potential dangers associated with the use of emergency contraception, its most common side effects, and how it works. Therefore, an integrative review of the literature was conducted with a qualitative approach to the dangers of excessive use of emergency contraception. The risks of excessive contraceptive use were identified in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) databases, integrated into the Virtual Health Library (VHL). EC is a true hormonal injection and can contain up to ten times more hormones than traditional contraceptive methods. Abuse can result in various harms to the female body, side effects that include, in addition to nausea and vomiting, thromboembolism and other stress reactions, lactation, vaginal bleeding, fatigue, headache, dizziness, weakness, and pelvic pain. In short, EC's purpose is to prevent a potential unplanned pregnancy after unprotected sex, so it has its pros and cons. However, it should be used with caution, as it causes hormonal overload in the female body. Excessive use without prior knowledge can have serious consequences for the user, as it is a readily available drug.

Cataract eye disease in dogs: a narrative literature review study

Giovana Megda Barbosa; Isadora Galassi — Thu, 20 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The total population of dogs and cats in Brazil is expected to exceed 100 million animals by 2030. Ocular opacity known as cataract is considered the main cause of treatable blindness in dogs, and its classification can vary according to several characteristics, with the degree of progression being the most relevant aspect concerning treatment and subsequent medical procedures. This article aims to present a narrative bibliographic review on cataracts in dogs, exploring the etiopathogenesis, classification, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment. Ophthalmology is a prominent field in clinical and surgical practice, both in humans and in veterinary medicine, and there is also a high rate of ocular problems in domestic species. Cataract is a common ocular condition in dogs, which can have several causes, including heredity, diabetes, anterior uveitis, trauma, old age, and congenital anomalies. This study allowed us to understand the dominance and risk factors associated with cataracts in dogs, providing valuable insights for strategies to prevent and manage the disease. Furthermore, evaluating the effectiveness of different therapeutic options is essential to guide veterinarians in choosing the best treatment for each case.

Palladium (Pd): Properties, coordination chemistry and applications against cancer

Leonardo Marmo Moreira; Juliana Pereira Lyon — Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The present manuscript consists of a review study concerning palladium(II) metal complexes aiming at their possible application in the fight against cancer. Since the advent of the so-called “cisplatin”, many efforts have been made to improve the results of the reference chemotherapy treatment of this “cisplatin” complex and its analogues and successors, such as second and third generation platinum complexes, among others. The physicochemical similarity between palladium and platinum, especially with respect to coordination chemistry, makes palladium complexes good candidates to replace and, eventually, surpass the quality of the therapeutic effects of platinum complexes. Therefore, the objective of this article is to discuss, through a bibliographic review, the fundamental aspects of the coordination chemistry of palladium (Pd) and its mechanism of action in biological media aiming at its use against various types of cancer, as a possible replacement for the classical platinum (Pt) complexes used against cancer cells. Finally, future perspectives for the applications of palladium (Pd) complexes in chemotherapy as an “anticancer agent” are presented.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta: An integrative and qualitative review of literature

Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary bone disease that affects children, resulting in extreme bone weakness leading to musculoskeletal deformities and fractures. OI is caused by mutations in the genes that code to produce collagen in bones, a substance essential for the formation and strength of bones. Based on this, the objective of this review is to investigate the role of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta as well as to investigate innovative therapies in the treatment of the disease. This study is a qualitative and integrative review of the literature carried out through an active search in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieve System Online (medline) database, in accordance with the precepts established by the Standards qualitative research guideline. For Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Articles published in full without language restrictions were selected for analysis and inclusion based on the controlled DeCS/MESH descriptors: mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenesis imperfecta through the combination of words with the Boolean descriptors AND and OR in the information sources. It was observed in the study that treatment with mesenchymal stem cells brought hope to patients with osteogenesis imperfecta since pre-clinical studies in animal models and clinical studies demonstrated a reduction in the occurrence of fractures and an improvement in bone density with this type of therapy.

The role of Occupational Therapy in promoting health among adolescents: A scoping review

Sat, 01 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Adolescence is a critical period of development, with physical, psychosocial and emotional repercussions. Health promotion actions with adolescents, due to the various legislative, financial and social barriers faced by them in accessing information and health care, require different perspectives to be effective, including that of Occupational Therapy. This study aims to describe the production of knowledge about the actions of Occupational Therapy in promoting health with adolescents. A scoping review was carried out according to the 8 steps established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data were collected in databases and in specific national and international Occupational Therapy journals, including articles published from 1986 onwards, which addressed occupational therapy interventions in health promotion with adolescents, without language or context restrictions. The search resulted in 2563 occurrences, with 24 articles included after applying the inclusion criteria. A greater frequency of articles was identified that address working with adolescents in the school context, in a group manner, aimed at promoting Mental Health and using playful strategies. The construction of knowledge that mobilizes changes in perspectives or the adoption of healthy habits and the development of socio-emotional and cognitive skills stands out as a result of the actions. The data reveal the potential of Occupational Therapy and the need to expand studies and research in the field under discussion.

Genetic Diversity and Taxonomic Implications of Diutina mesorugosa: A review

Ferdyanne Beatriz Sabóia Peixoto; Jean Charles da Cunha Peixoto — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Diutina mesorugosa is a yeast emerging in hospital environments and has been isolated from different clinical samples in different locations around the World, although atypical as an etiological agent of human infection. Previous phylogenetic analyses assigned the species as Candida mesorugosa, but this yeast has been reclassified as D. mesorugosa. It is known that different species belonging to the same genus such as D. rugosa, D. pseudorugosa, and D. catelunata have also been isolated from clinical samples, and the D. rugosa species has been identified as an emerging opportunistic pathogen. These species have also been reclassified recently. The objective was to perform a literature review on the taxonomic aspects of the yeast D. mesorugosa to deepen the knowledge of the taxonomic classification and systematics of this species within the genus Diutina.

Factors associated with arterial hypertension in brazilian children: A systematic literature review

Vicente de Brito Foggia; Márcia Cristina Sales — Thu, 06 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in children has negative implications for cardiovascular health throughout life. Thus, preventive and early diagnostic strategies are essential to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition, highlighting the importance of proper management from childhood. Objective: To determine the risk factors for the development of childhood SAH in Brazil. Methodology: A systematic review of cross-sectional articles, published from November 2017 to November 2022, was conducted in the electronic databases SciELO, LILACS, and PubMed. The search strategy included the following descriptors in Portuguese: 'Child,' 'Hypertension,' 'Risk factors,' and 'Brazil,' along with their respective English counterparts. Results: A total of 166 articles were identified, of which five were included. The percentage of children with altered blood pressure levels ranged from 12.3% to 15.5%, with the following associated factors identified: age, place of residence, anthropometric characteristics, eating habits, screen time, and insulin resistance. Conclusion: SAH is a phenomenon present in Brazilian children, influenced by a combination of demographic, anthropometric, dietary, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. The early identification of children at risk allows for the development of timely interventions, emphasizing the importance of blood pressure measurement in routine pediatric care.

Selling over-the-counter medicines in food retail: Risk or opportunity?

Wed, 05 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Since 1973, the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies has been discussing the commercialisation of medicines in food retail. Bill 1.324 of 1995 proposed the commercialisation of at least the class of non-prescription medicines, but was rejected in 2004. Currently, the issue is still being discussed, through Bill 1,774 of 2019, with the justification of facilitating the population's access to medicines and thus reducing public health costs. The Federal and Regional Pharmacy Councils have always publicly expressed their opposition to all the bills presented, stating that no corporate interest can be greater than the rational use of medicines. The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative review of the literature on the risks and opportunities in favour of public health of marketing medicines in the food retail chain. The discussion divides opinion and must therefore be very well-founded so as not to put the population at risk, since the irrational use of medicines, often influenced by the media and without pharmaceutical assistance, can cause irreversible damage to the consumer's health and even generate additional costs for the Brazilian health system.

Epidemiological profile of patients with oral alterations during the COVID-19 infection – an integrative review

Ana Clara Gomes; Karoline de Borba; Jussara Maria Gonçalves — Fri, 07 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

COVID-19, first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, rapidly escalated into a global pandemic, causing significant health and economic crises. In addition to systemic symptoms, several oral manifestations have been reported in infected patients, given the high presence of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor (ACE-2) in oral tissues. This study aimed to conduct an integrative literature review to analyze oral alterations associated with COVID-19, compiling cases from the PubMed database up to February 26, 2021. A total of 19 studies encompassing 266 patients were included. The most common oral manifestations were dysgeusia, ageusia, hypogeusia, aphthous and hemorrhagic ulcers, burning sensation, and xerostomia. Oral co-infections, such as herpes simplex and candidiasis, were also observed. Results indicate that patients with systemic conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, obesity) tend to develop more severe symptoms and require hospitalization, particularly individuals over 60 years old. The study highlights the importance of dental professionals in the multidisciplinary management of COVID-19 patients, as oral symptoms may serve as early indicators of infection. Standardization of data reporting in future studies is essential to enhance the understanding of oral involvement in COVID-19.

Nurses' role in palliative care for the elderly population: Challenges and contributions to comprehensive care

Jackson Ferreira Lobato; Marcos Ferreira Silva; Allan Carlos da Silva Tiago — Sun, 09 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To analyze the role of nurses in palliative care for the elderly population, identifying the challenges faced and the contributions to comprehensive care for elderly people at the end of life. Methodology: this is a qualitative-quantitative, cross-sectional study of the integrative literature review (RIL) type. The search took place in October 2024, using the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), CAPES Periodicals and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases, complete original articles from the last 6 years available in the databases, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, and that are related to the theme. Result: Through the research carried out, 8 studies were found that addressed the aforementioned theme, exposing the main studies that demonstrate nursing assistance in palliative care in the elderly population. Conclusion: This research concluded that palliative care is essential for elderly patients, since, when provided by the nursing team, it becomes essential for the recognition and legitimization of the profession, highlighting the coordinating and humanized potential of the profession and, although it has gaps and challenges, it is extremely important for the actions instituted in palliative care.

Pharmaceutical innovations used to fight multidrug-resistant bacterial infections

Wed, 12 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Pharmaceutical innovation is a fundamental process that involves the development, research and introduction of new drugs and therapies onto the market. This includes the discovery of new molecules, improvements in drug delivery technologies, enhancement of existing formulations and the search for new treatments for various diseases. One of the current challenges in this field is antimicrobial resistance, especially in relation to multi-resistant bacteria. To meet these challenges, innovation in the discovery and development of new drugs is essential. This is crucial for the development of new antibiotics and therapies capable of effectively combating multidrug-resistant bacteria. In addition, strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance are key to ensuring the continued effectiveness of drugs over time. An important approach to gathering up -to-date information and developing better therapeutic options against multidrug-resistant bacteria is to search for the latest literature. In this context, a study was carried out to compile the most recent pharmaceutical innovations used to combat these infections by multidrug- resistant bacteria. The methodology used was a literature review of academic databases, with specific exclusion criteria to e nsure the relevance of the selected studies. This literature review covered several innovative techniques, such as computational modeling, technologies using nanocomposites, gold and silver nanoparticles, natural extracts, among others. These techniques represent promising approaches for the development of new antimicrobial treatments that can be effective against multidrug- resistant bacteria, complementing or replacing conventional treatments.

Opportunist infections in patients with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: A current integrative review

Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objectives: Conduct a literature review on the most common opportunistic infections in patients with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Methodology: This research focuses on an integrated literature review. The integrative review (IR) method allows for a greater sense of understanding by employing a systematic and rigorous process. Results: Thus, a total of 13 articles were discovered in the VHL database, while 42 papers were discovered in the Medline database via PubMed, totaling 55 publications. The final sample consisted of 8 articles, all belonging to the Medline database via PubMed after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusion: It is considered extremely important to examine all available evidence on occult infections in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, as it will allow patients and the health professionals who care for them to respond and act appropriately in order to preserve their quality of life and ensure that their treatments are effective.

Platinum (Pt): Metal complexes and their applications against cancer

Leonardo Marmo Moreira; Juliana Pereira Lyon — Sun, 16 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The present article discusses introductory aspects of the coordination chemistry of platinum complexes, especially platinum(II) and platinum(IV), and the use of these complexes in the treatment of cancer. Considering the historical and current relevance of the metal complex known as “cisplatin” and its analogues, its mechanisms of action, potentialities, and limits of action are evaluated, in addition to the known adverse reactions to higher doses and/or prolonged use. The objective of this article is to discuss, through a bibliographic review, the fundamental aspects of the coordination chemistry of Platinum (Pt), especially the chemistry of the metal complex known as “cisplatin” and its analogues and successors as anticancer agents. The mechanism of action in the biological environment is analyzed, as well as possible therapeutic strategies aiming at greater efficacy in combating cancer cells. Finally, some future perspectives for the applications of platinum complexes in the treatment of different types of cancer are presented.

Epidemiological profile of deaths due to ectopic pregnancy in Brazil between 2000 and 2023

Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy (EG) occurs when the blastocyst implants outside the uterus, and can affect several regions. Due to the difficulty of early identification, diagnosis is usually delayed, increasing maternal risk and mortality in the first trimester. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of deaths due to ectopic pregnancy in Brazil between 2000 and 2023. Methodology: An ecological, time-series study with a quantitative approach, based on data from the Mortality Information System (SIM). The 26 states and the Federal District were analyzed, considering maternal deaths registered under the ICD-10 O00. Descriptive statistics were used and there was no need for ethical approval, according to CNS Resolution No. 674/2022 and STROBE guidelines. Results: Notifications varied over the years, with peaks in 2014 and 2022, followed by declines. About 62.9% of deaths occurred "during pregnancy, childbirth or abortion" (570 cases), and 81.91% were in hospitals (743 cases). The predominant age group was 20 to 29 years (41.12% – 373 cases), with a higher incidence among brown women (55.02% – 499 cases). Regarding education, 31.10% had between 8 and 11 years of schooling, and 62.41% were single. Conclusion: Between 2000 and 2023, maternal deaths from EG in Brazil occurred mostly in women of reproductive age, brown, and with incomplete high school or higher education. The deaths occurred at different stages of pregnancy, mainly in a hospital environment, and were mostly investigated with a summary form.

Nursing care for critically ill adult patients with acute kidney injury undergoing dialysis treatment: an integrative review of the literature

Wed, 19 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a serious and multifaceted clinical condition that can appear suddenly and compromise kidney function, resulting in the accumulation of toxins and electrolytes in the body. The general objective of this study is to show the main challenges faced by nursing professionals in the care of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury undergoing dialysis treatment in order to highlight the scientific evidence present in the literature that can contribute to improving the quality of care. This is an Integrative Literature Review carried out in the databases PUBMED (US National Library of Medicine), Virtual Health Library Research Portal (VHL) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Scopus and Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences) where, after the inclusion and exclusion criteria, it was composed of 5 articles. The results showed that nurses have an essential role in assisting critical patients with acute kidney injury undergoing dialysis treatment, as they are responsible for preparing the hemodialysis unit, as well as guiding and helping the patient and their family to live with the treatment and the limitations imposed by the disease. It is also concluded that there is a need for greater training of nurses and nursing staff to align concepts, signs and symptoms, complications and interventions for the management of AKI in critical or non-critical patients, improving outcomes and minimizing morbidity and mortality.

Positive Reinforcement strategies in school environments: Impacts on student behavior

Paulo Roberto Barbosa dos Santos — Thu, 20 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This article addresses the relevance of positive reinforcement in the teaching-learning process in Basic Education, with an emphasis on the development of emotional and social skills in children and adolescents. The research is part of the context of Basic Education, as defined by the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDB), and aims to explore how pedagogical practices, especially positive reinforcement, can contribute to student motivation and engagement, favoring their retention and success in school. The methodology adopted involved a qualitative analysis of teaching strategies, based on a bibliographic review. The main results indicate that the effective use of positive reinforcement, combined with inclusive practices, benefits not only cognitive learning, but also the social integration and emotional development of students. The study highlights the importance of motivational strategies and the internalization of values in improving pedagogical practices in education, suggesting the continuation of research with this focus among basic education teachers and undergraduate students in pedagogy and psychology to promote the integral development of students through their interventions in professional practice.

The absence of Investigative Teaching in current Biology teacher training curricula

Thâmara Chaves Cardoso; Vera de Mattos Machado — Sat, 08 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Increasingly, authors have defended the need for a renewal in scientific education. In this meantime, a renewal in teacher training becomes crucial. For this reality to be comprehensive and universal, its presence in curriculum is required. The objective of this article is to discuss the presence of Investigative Teaching (EI) in the construction of the curricula of initial teacher training in Biological Sciences of three public Higher Education Institutions of Teacher Training, in the State of Piauí, and presents how EI is contemplated in these documents, and also in the guiding curriculum of Basic Education and Brazilian Teacher Training. Thus, this work is the result of qualitative research, part of the Doctoral Thesis work of the Postgraduate Program in Science Teaching at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. The data was obtained through Document Analysis of the Pedagogical Projects of Science Courses. three Public Teacher Training Institutions in the state of Piauí and national educational documents in the search for elements that deal with Investigative Teaching in teacher training curricula. The data was interpreted in light of Eni Orlandi's Discourse Analysis. We consider that the national guidelines, despite the discourse of renewal, have provided little scope for intellectual freedom in education recommended by the EI. The way in which it was implemented also generated many divergences and suffering in teacher training curricula.

The impact of digital comics on a group of university students

Sun, 23 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Motivating English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in online classes can be a significant challenge. This study aims to evaluate students' engagement and improvement in English skills through the use of digital comics as a primary learning tool. To address the research questions, the author employed observational techniques over several weeks and administered an exploratory questionnaire to gather students' experiences with digital comics. The findings reveal that 80% of the students had used digital comics for the first time to learn a second language, with 59 out of 67 students expressing engagement with the medium. Additionally, 61 students reported that incorporating sound and imagination into story creation inspired them to learn English. Overall, the study suggests that digital comics had a positive impact on student engagement and learning. However, it also highlights the challenges faced by educators, particularly the lack of technological resources in many Ecuadorian institutions, which limits the full potential of this tool in language instruction.

Making the Invisible Comprehensible: The flame test as a didactic tool for teaching the atom

Thu, 20 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Chemistry is the science that studies matter, its properties and transformations, encompassing the behavior of elements and the substances they form. Therefore, a deep understanding of the atom, its composition and structure, is essential to understanding chemical phenomena, as it is the fundamental unit of all matter. However, due to the abstract nature and complexity of atomic description, teaching this subject poses significant challenges, especially at the primary and secondary school levels. Therefore, studies that improve the learning of atomic concepts are of great interest. In this study, the objective was to propose a didactic sequence structured in four moments (Initial problematization, Organization of knowledge, Application of knowledge and Systematization and evaluation of content), using the flame test as an experimental resource to illustrate the validity of atomic models and highlight the electronic distribution in atoms. Flame tests were performed with NaCl, KCl, MgSO₄, CaCl₂ and CuSO₄. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach, as evidenced by the students' high level of engagement, active participation in the experiments and discussion of the results, and their accurate description and interpretation of the applicability of atomic models to the phenomenon under investigation.

Body awareness as a possibility of integral human formation in Federal Institutes of Education, Science, and Technology

Tadeu Artur Vieira Martins; Rosiney Rocha Almeida — Thu, 27 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This article aims to analyze the relationship between body awareness and integral human education in Federal Institutes, based on historical-dialectical materialism and the critical-overcoming approach. A literature review was conducted, using academic sources from the last five years, retrieved from databases such as SciELO, Elsevier, and Google Scholar. The study demonstrates that body awareness plays a fundamental role in shaping the historical subject, allowing individuals to understand their corporeality as an inseparable element of their identity and social relationships. Additionally, the research highlights that interdisciplinary pedagogical practices, such as integrative projects and active methodologies, significantly contribute to the development of students' body perception, fostering their autonomy and critical engagement in society. However, challenges such as the reduction of physical education class hours and the imposition of neoliberal curricular models may hinder the effective implementation of this approach in Federal Institutes. It is concluded that valuing body awareness in integral human education is essential to ensure teaching that promotes students' full development, preparing them to act critically and transformatively in society.

Analysis of the results of national tests and educational management, in an educational district of the Dominican Republic 2024

Vilmania Bello Reyes — Sat, 08 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This research aims to analyze the impact of educational management on the results of national tests in a district of the Dominican Republic during the period 2023. This is a documentary type with a non-experimental design and a qualitative approach, where it was used as a technique Data collection included document analysis and bibliographic review, with the instruments used being records and research diaries. For this, the actions carried out by the management team for the development of the national testing process and the results obtained by the district's students were considered.

Analysis of the Balance Sheets for the years 2022 and 2023 of the State of São Paulo supported by the disclosure theory

Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study aims to analyze whether there are accounting inconsistencies in the balance sheets of the State of São Paulo for the years 2022 and 2023, using the Disclosure Theory as theoretical support. The data for this investigation were extracted from the Transparency Portal of the state of São Paulo, the Accounting and Tax Information System of the Brazilian Public Sector – SICONFI, the website Integrated View of the Debts of the Union, States, Federal District and Municipalities, and the System for Analysis of Public Debt, Credit Operations and Guarantees of the Union, States and Municipalities – SADIPEM. The results revealed the existence of accounting inconsistencies in the Balance Sheets for the years 2022 and 2023 of the State of São Paulo: discrepancy between the amounts of Payable Liabilities and Real Liabilities; inconsistencies in the amounts of Remaining Payables processed and not processed; The assets and liabilities do not represent the financial and equity situation of the State of São Paulo, as discrepancies were found in the amounts disclosed. Finally, based on the Theory of Disclosure, it is concluded that the amounts recorded in the balance sheets for the years 2022 and 2023 do not adequately reflect the real situation of the Public Assets of the State of São Paulo.

To examine satisfaction with body image and body mass index in schoolchildren, taking into account the differences between the sexes

Silvana Carolina Fürstenau; Fernanda Neves de Souza — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study aimed to evaluate the association between body dissatisfaction and body mass index (BMI) in elementary school students. The sample consisted of 38 schoolchildren, with a mean age of 8.44 years (±1.10), of which 57.9% were male and 42.1% were female. Body dissatisfaction was assessed using the Software for Body Perception Assessment (S.A.P.E.C.O), and nutritional status was determined by BMI. The results revealed a high prevalence of body dissatisfaction (84.2%), with significant differences between sexes: girls showed greater dissatisfaction related to excess weight (41.2%), while boys demonstrated greater dissatisfaction with thinness (73.3%). No statistically significant association was found between BMI and body dissatisfaction (p > 0.05). It is concluded that body dissatisfaction is a prevalent phenomenon among schoolchildren, with differences associated with sex, highlighting the need for educational and psychological interventions to promote a positive self-image and prevent eating and emotional disorders.

Psychological impacts of feminicide on the victim´s family members

Wed, 12 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The main objectives of this study were to identify the coping strategies adopted by family members to deal with the psychological impacts of femicide, to understand the social representations of these family members and also to map the support networks available to this public. This is a mixed study, comprising an integrative literature review, based on the analysis and discussion of the articles found, and an opinion poll, carried out in the municipality of Teresina, capital of Piauí, with 131 participants from Teresina. The results show that the coping strategies identified by the public are similar to those found in the literature, highlighting the importance of psychological support in the family's bereavement process. These data indicate that this is a growing and urgent issue for public policies that integrate care with legal, social, psychological and community support, with a view to raising awareness of the issue and providing support for families bereaved as a result of the crime of femicide.

Military logistics strategies for Military Police of Alagoas (PMAL): Comparative analysis and proposals for operational adaptation

Dybs Santiago de Melo Barbosa — Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Military logistics is a strategic pillar for the operational effectiveness of police-military corporations, especially in contexts such as the Military Police of Alagoas (PMAL), which faces geographic, budgetary, and public security challenges. This article aims to identify military logistics strategies applicable to PMAL through a systematic integrative review of 10 scientific articles (2010–2023), selected from SciELO and Google Scholar databases. The analysis focused on four themes: interinstitutional comparison, supply management, operational efficiency, and technological innovation. Results indicate the feasibility of models such as strategic centralization with regional supply centers (inspired by PMMG), adoption of performance metrics (e.g., response time), and integration of technologies (IoT, Big Data). Gradual outsourcing of non-essential services, under supervision, is also highlighted. The study concludes that adapting these practices, alongside academic partnerships and contingency plans, can optimize resources and strengthen public security in Alagoas.

Balance Sheets of 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 of the State of Minas Gerais: Analysis of inconsistencies based on the disclosure theory

Ismara Galdino da Silva; Isleide do Nascimento Campos; Maurício Corrêa da Silva — Wed, 19 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study aims to analyze whether there are accounting inconsistencies in the Balance Sheets of the state of Minas Gerais (MG) for the financial years 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023, based on the Disclosure Theory. To conduct the research, data were collected from the Brazilian Public Sector Accounting and Tax Information System (SICONFI), the Public Debt Analysis System, Credit Operations, and Guarantees of the Union, States, and Municipalities (SADIPEM), the Integrated View of the Debts of the Union, States, Federal District, and Municipalities website, and the Minas Gerais Transparency Portal. The results indicated the following accounting inconsistencies in the Balance Sheets: inconsistencies between the values of Real Liabilities and Payable Liabilities plus Unprocessed Remaining Payables (RPNP), with the concealment of the RPNP information; discrepancy in SICONFI between the amounts of Current Liabilities and Actual Liabilities, with the exclusion of RPNP from current liabilities; inconsistent debt amounts, which causes discrepancies in the calculation of accounting balances. There were also discrepancies in the values of items that make up the Balance Sheet disclosed on the websites of the Brazilian Public Sector Accounting and Tax Information System (SICONFI) and the Minas Gerais Transparency Portal. It is therefore concluded that the values recorded in the Balance Sheets for the financial years 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 do not represent the financial situation of the state of Minas Gerais - MG. Furthermore, the research problem was solved, as accounting inconsistencies were highlighted.

Pricing management and inventory control: Case study in a restaurant in Piauí

Thu, 27 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this article is to analyze the influence of pricing on inventory control in a seafood restaurant in the state of Piauí, investigating the interrelationship between inventory management, strategic cost management, and pricing. Through a single case study and data collection using direct observation and document analysis techniques, it was possible to obtain the desired results. Preliminary results indicate that the absence of structured pricing criteria compromises the efficiency of inventory management, causing waste and making it difficult to adapt the business to market fluctuations. With the implementation of good pricing and inventory management practices, the restaurant obtained an increase in average monthly financial gain over the six months applied. In addition, acquiring more rigorous control of inputs and adjusting pricing to costs and demand allowed for a more sustainable and competitive operation. By exploring these aspects, the study offers support to improve business management in the sector, contributing to the economic sustainability of seafood restaurants in the region.

Covid-19 pandemic and university extension: Report of experiences in the educating for physical activity – EPA project with elderly people

Thu, 27 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this work is to describe the experiences regarding the remote activities of the “Educating for Physical Activity - EPA” project, as well as the strategies used to carry out the classes. Descriptive study, experience report type. A video tutorial, a folder to facilitate access to the meeting platform, and an assessment via online questionnaire were produced and sent to the elderly via WhatsApp before the activities began. Twenty-eight classes were taught remotely, consisting of a conversation circle, lectures, physical exercises (PE) taught by monitors, calming down and self-assessment. The participation frequency of elderly people was 44.5%. There was greater participation from the elderly person's family during classes. An improvement was observed in the functional autonomy of the elderly and in the handling of technology for recording videos with PE on alternative days to the meeting. It is concluded that the actions and strategies promoted by EPA enabled reflection on the topics covered, active participation of the elderly and their families, as well as the acquisition of skills for handling cell phones, thus facilitating access to the PE program guided and supervised by EPA teachers and monitors.

How scientific evidence can contribute to improve the diagnosis and comprehensive care of patients with TEMPI syndrome: A scoping review protocol

Vivian Menezes Irineu; Maria Júlia Pinheiro Fernandes — Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Objective: To document the planning and methodological processes of a scoping review protocol aimed at mapping the current scientific knowledge on TEMPI Syndrome. Introduction: TEMPI Syndrome is a rare, acquired, and multisystemic disease characterized by telangiectasias, elevated erythropoietin levels and erythrocytosis, monoclonal gammopathy, perinephric fluid collections, and intrapulmonary shunting. Justification: Due to its rarity, we hypothesize that the lack of awareness regarding this syndrome may lead to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. A systematic literature review can contribute to increasing knowledge and dissemination of information on the topic. Methodology: The protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework and structured following the five-stage methodological framework by Arksey & O’Malley (2005), in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The review is guided by the question: "How can the available scientific evidence contribute to improving the diagnosis and comprehensive care of patients with TEMPI Syndrome?" A systematic search will be conducted in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLINE) and in the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), without time restrictions. Gray literature will be retrieved using Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers will screen studies for eligibility. Results: Findings will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) and presented in tabular and narrative formats aligned with the study objectives and research question.