Use of organic waste biochar as an innovative alternative for increasing agricultural productivity in small rural communities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.13848Keywords:
Sustainable development; Organic waste; Pyrolysis; Recycling.Abstract
Biochar, pyrolyzed organic waste for agronomic and environmental purposes, is a viable alternative to improve soil quality in small farm areas in the state of Sergipe, where there is a shortage of water and chemical inputs. This study evaluated the effect of single and simultaneous application of doses (t ha-1) of sewage sludge (SS) and dry coconut shell (CS) on some soil properties and sunflower growth and nutrition (Helianthus annuus L.), in São Cristóvão-SE. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized scheme, with 6 treatments (1. SE60CS0; 2. SE30CS0; 3. SE20CS10; 4. SE10CS20; 5. SE0CS30; 6. Control (without biochar) and 5 repetitions. In the soil, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, and P, K, and Na concentrations were determined. In the plant, biomass, height, chlorophyll content, and N, P, and K were evaluated. Alone, coconut biochar increased the soil pH but reduced plant N. The sludge biochar did not increase soil pH but improved the soil N and P levels, plant growth (25%), and inflorescence (33%), indicating greater benefits of joint application. In addition to improving productivity, biochar, both from sewage sludge and dry coconut shell, can improve the destination and management of these residues and, at the same time, promote the recycling of nutrients in soil.
References
Abdelhafez, A. A., Abbas, M. H. & Li, J. (2017). Biochar: The Black Diamond for Soil Sustainability, Contamination Control and Agricultural Production. In: Engineering Applications of Biochar, http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68803.
Alburquerque, J. A., Calero, J. M., Barrón, V., Torrent, J., Campillo, M. C., Gallardo, A. & Villar, R. (2014). Effects of biochars produced from different feedstocks on soil properties and sunflower growth. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 177(1), 16-25. 10.1002/jpln.201200652.
Batista, E. M. C. C., Shultz, J., Matos, T. T. S., & Fornari, M. R. (2018). Effect of surface and porosity of biochar on water holding capacity aiming indirectly at preservation of the Amazon biome. Scientific Reports, 8, 10677. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28794-z.
Bremner, J. M. Nitrogen total. In: Sparks, D. L. (1996). Methods of soil analysis. Part 3. Madison, America Society of Agronomy, Madison. 1085-1121.
Das, S. K., Ghosh, G. K. & Avasthe, R. (2020). Application of biochar in agriculture and environment, and its safety issues. Biomass Conv. Bioref. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01013-4.
Ding, Y.; et al (2017). Potential Benefits from Biochar Application for Agricultural Use: A Review. Pedosphere, 1-21. 10.1016/S1002-0160(17)60375-8.
Ferreira, D. F. (2011). Sisvar: a computer statistical analysis system. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 35(6), 1039-1042. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542011000600001.
Gaskin, J. W., Steiner, C., Harris, K., Das, K. C. & Bibens, B. (2008). Effect of low-temperature pyrolysis conditions on biochar for agricultural use. Transactions of the ASABE, 51(6), 2061-2069. 10.13031/2013.25409
Gonzaga, M. I. S., Mackowiak, C. L., Comerford, N. B., da Veiga Moline, E. F., Shirley, J. P., & Guimaraes, D. V. (2017). Pyrolysis methods impact biosolids-derived biochar composition, maize growth and nutrition. Soil and Tillage Research, 165, 59-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.07.009.
Gonzaga, M. I. S., Silva, P. S. O., Santos, J. C. J. & Oliveira Junior, L. F. G. (2019). Biochar increases plant water use efficiency and biomass production while reducing Cu concentration in Brassica juncea L. in a Cu-contaminated soil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 183, 109553. 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109557.
Gonzaga, M. I. S., Santos, J. C. J., Almeida, A.Q., Ros, K. & Santos, W. M. (2021). Farming practices and technologies that can increase and sustain production without ruining the ecosystem were promoted as an approach to addressing these concerns. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2020.1869215.
Hossain, M. K., Strezov, V., Chan, K. Y. & Nelson, P. F. (2010). Agronomic properties of wastewater sludge biochar and bioavailability of metals in production of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Chemosphere, 78(9), 1167–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.009.
Hossain, M. Z., Bahar, M. M., Sarkar, B., Donne, S. W. & Ok, Y. S. (2020). Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant. Biochar, 2, 379–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-020-00065-z.
Liang, F., Li, G. T., Lin, Q. M., & Zhao, X. R. (2014). Crop yield and soil properties in the first 3 years after biochar application to a calcareous soil. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(3), 525-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60708-X.
Murphy, J. A., & Riley, J. P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica chimica acta, 27 (1), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)88444-5.
Nelson, D. W., & Sommers, L. E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Page, A. L.; Miller, R. H. & Keeney, D.R., eds. Methods of soil analysis: Chemical and microbiological properties. Part 2. Madison, Soil Science Society of America. 539-579.
Nsamba, H., Hale, S., Cornelissen, G., & Bachmann, R. (2015). Designing and Performance Evaluation of Biochar Production in a Top-Lit Updraft Up-scaled Gasifier. Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, 5, 41-55. 10.4236/jsbs.2015.52004.
Paz-Ferreiro, J., Nieto, A., Méndez, A., Askeland, M. P. J., & Gascó, G. (2018). Biochar from Biosolids Pyrolysis: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 956. 10.3390/ijerph15050956.
Paneque, M., De La Rosa, J. M., Franco-Navarro, J. D., Colmenero-Flores, J. M., & Knicker, H. (2016). Effect of biochar amendment on morphology, productivity and water relations of sunflower plants under non-irrigation conditions. Catena, 147, 280-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.07.037.
Pereira, A. S., Shitsuka, A. R., Parreira, F. J., & Shitsuka, R. (2018). Método da Pesquisa Científica. UFSM. https://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/ handle/1/15824/Lic_Computacao_Metodologia-Pesquisa-Cientifica.pdf?sequence=1.
Silva, F. C. D. S. (Ed.2). (2009). Manual de análises químicas de solos, plantas e fertilizantes. Embrapa Informação Tecnológica; Embrapa Solos.
Silva, M. I., Mackowiak, C., Minogue, P., Reis, A. A. M. F. & Moline, E. F. V. (2017). Potential impacts of using sewage sludge biochar on the growth of plant forest seedlings. Ciência Rural, 47, e20160064. 10.1590/0103-8478cr20160064.
Soil Survey Staff. (2014). Keys to Soil Taxonomy. (12a ed.), Soil Survey Laboratory. National Soil Survey Center. USDA-NRCS, Lincoln, NE.
Spokas, K. A., Novak, J. M., Stewart, C. E., Cantrell, K. B., Uchimiya, M., duSaire, M. G., & Ro, K. S. (2011). Qualitative analysis of volatile organic compounds on biochar. Chemosphere, 85, 869–882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.108.
Xu, X., Wu, Z., Dong, Y., Zhou, Z., & Xiong, Z. (2016). Effects of nitrogen and biochar amendment on soil methane concentration profiles and diffusion in a rice-wheat annual rotation system. Scientific Reports, 6(38688), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38688.
Yousaf, B., Liu, G., Wang, R., Abbas, Q. B., & Imtiaz, M. (2017). Investigating the biochar effects on C-mineralization and sequestration of carbon in soil compared with conventional amendments using the stable isotope (C13) approach. Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 9, 1085-1099. 10.1111/gcbb.12401.
Yuan, H., Lu, T., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., & Lei, T. (2016). Sewage sludge biochar: nutrient composition and its effect on the leaching of soil nutrients. Geoderma, 267, 17– 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.12.020.
Yu, H., Zou, W., Chen, J., Chen, H., Yu, Z., Huang, J., Tang, H., Wei, X. & Gao, B. (2019). Biochar amendment improves crop production in problem soils: A review. J Environ Manag, 232, 8-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.117.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Maria Isidória Silva Gonzaga; Danyelle Chaves Figueiredo de Souza; José Carlos de Jesus Santos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
