Effect of the application of prohexadione-calcium on the growth of ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Hosui’ pears (Pyrus communis L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i8.16801Keywords:
Plant growth regulator; Vegetative growth; Gibberellin inhibitor; Pruning.Abstract
The necessity of controlling the vegetative growth of fruit trees is a growing concern for farmers since vigorous plants tend to have lower fruit yields. The use of chemicals that inhibit the vegetative growth of plants, such as prohexadione-calcium (PCa), an inhibitor of gibberellins which is currently used as a growth regulator for apple trees, is an agricultural practice aimed to help in reducing pruning time and cost. Pear trees grafted on vigorous rootstocks tend to present high rates of vegetative growth, hindering fruit production. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of different doses of the plant growth regulator PCa on the vegetative growth, pruning time, radiation incidence, and productive and quality parameters of ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Hosui’ pears grafted on vigorous rootstocks. Two PCa applications were carried out, the first after the falling of petals (2009-10-10), and the second twenty-one days after the first (2009-11-02). The observed results showed a significant effect of PCa in reducing the vegetative growth of the pear trees and the pruning time in both cultivars. The effect on photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) was observed only in the ‘Packham’s Triumph’ variety, not being observed for the ‘Hosui’ pear trees. No statistical difference was observed relative to the quality parameters and yield of the fruits, in both cultivars, showing that PCa application has not caused any deleterious effect on fruit development.
References
Amarante, C. V. T., Steffens, C. A., Freitas, S. T., Silveira, J. P. G., Denardi, V., & Katsurayama, J. M. (2020). Post bloom spraying apple trees with prohexadione-calcium and gibberellic acid affects vegetative growth, fruit mineral content and bitter pit incidence. Acta Horticulturae, 1275, 193-200.
Carra, B., Pasa, M. S., Fachinello, J. C., Spagnol, D., Abreu, E. S., & Giovanaz, M. A. (2016). Prohexadione calcium affects shoot growth, but not yield components, of ‘Le Conte’ pear in warm-winter climate conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 209, 241-248.
Carra, B., Spagnol, D., Abreu, E. S., Pasa, M. S., Silva, C. P., Hellwig, C. G., & Fachinello, J. C. (2017a). Prohexadione calcium reduces vegetative growth and increases fruit set of ‘Smith’ pear trees, in Southern Brazil. Bragantia, 76, 360-371.
Carra, B., Fachinello, J. C., Abreu, E. S., Pasa, M. S., Spagnol, D., Giovanaz, M. A., & Silva, C. P. (2017b). Control of the vegetative growth of 'Shinseiki' pear trees by prohexadione calcium and root pruning. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 52, 177-185.
Duyvelshoff, C. & Cline, J. A. (2013). Ethephon and prohexadione-calcium influence the flowering, early yield, and vegetative growth of young ‘Northern Spy’ apple trees. Scientia Horticulturae, 151, 128-134.
El-Hamied, S. A. A. & El-Amary, E. I. (2015). Improving Growth and Productivity of “Pear” Trees Using Some Natural Plants Extracts under North Sinai Conditions. IOSR Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, 8, 1-9.
Faoro, I. D. & Orth, A. I. (2010). The pear tree culture in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 32, 1-2.
Ferreira, N. C. (2009). Viviful (Prohexadione cálcio) no controle de crescimento da Macieira. In: Encontro Brasileiro sobre Fruticultura de Clima Temperado, 11, Fraiburgo, SC, 127-133.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. FAOSTAT - Statistics Division, 2019. <http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/>.
Giannakoula, A. E., Ilias, I. F., Maksimovic, J. J. D., Maksimovic, V. M., & Zivanovic, B. D. (2012). The effects of plant growth regulators on growth, yield, and phenolic profile of lentil plants. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 28, 46-53.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Produção Agrícola Municipal – PAM, 2019. <https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/economicas/ agricultura-e -pecuari a/9117-producao-agricola-municipal-culturas-temporarias-e-permanentes.html?=&t=resultados>.
Pasa, M. S. & Einhorn, T. (2017). Prohexadione calcium on shoot growth of 'Starkrimson' pear trees. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 52, 75-83.
Privé, J. P., Fava, E., Cline, J., Embree, C., Nichols, D., & Byl, M. (2004). Preliminary results on the efficacy of apple trees treated with the growth retardant Prohexadione-Calcium (Apogee) in Eastern Canada. Acta Horticulturae, 636, 137-144.
Rademacher, W., Van Saarloos, K., Porte, J. A. G., Forcades, F. R., Senechal, Y., Andreotti, C., Spinelli, F., Sabatini, E., & Costa G. (2004). Impact of Prohexadione-Ca on the Vegetative and Reproductive Performance of Apple and Pear Trees. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 69, 221–228.
Singh, S., Gill, P. S., Dhillon, W. S., & Singh, N. (2012). Effect of Heading Back on Photosynthesis, Yield and Fruit Quality in Pear. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 4, 90-94.
Tukamoto, H. M., Santos, V. J. N., Ferreira, N. C., & Salvador, R. N. (2008). Controle do crescimento da Macieira cv. Fuji com aplicação de Viviful (Prohexadione-Cálcio). In: Congresso Brasileiro de Fruticultura, 20, Vitória, ES.
Wrege, M. S., Faoro, I. D., Herter, F. G., Pandolfo, C., Almeida, I. R., Alba, J. M. F., & Pereira, J. F. M. (2017). Agroclimatic zoning of European and Asian pear cultivars with potential for commercial planting in Southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 39, e-312.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Odair Ângelo Dalzochio; Wendel Paulo Silvestre; Gabriel Fernandes Pauletti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
