Eagle Syndrome with surgical removal of the calcified styloid process: A clinical case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i8.17096Keywords:
Styloid process; Eagle syndrome; Mouth opening.Abstract
Eagle syndrome is a clinical condition associated with an increased styloid process, reaching more than 25mm in length, which generates a compression of crucial anatomical structures, causing neck and facial pain, dysphagia, otalgia, mouth opening limitation and other symptoms. Being a rare syndrome with symptoms similar to other pathological conditions, it is essential to implement the correct diagnosis and treatment. The treatment can be conservative or surgical by intraoral or extraoral approach. This study is a clinical case report, of a 40-year-old male subject, diagnosed with Eagle syndrome after presenting painful symptoms on mouth opening, dysphagia and otalgia and tomographic examination showing the styloid process with 30mm of length. The chosen treatment was surgical excision of the styloid process using the extra-oral approach, ensuring greater control of the great vessels, better exposure and less risk of bacterial contamination of the deep cervical spaces. As a result, the treatment was successful, with complete regression of symptoms without complications.
References
Al Weteid, A. S. & Miloro, M. (2015). Transoral endoscopic-assisted styloidectomy: How should Eagle syndrome be managed surgically? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 44(9), 1181-1187. 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.03.021.
Badhey, A., Jategaonkar, A., Anglin, K. A. J., Kadakia, S., De Deyn, P. P., Ducic, Y., Schantz, S. & Shin, E. (2017). Eagle syndrome: A comprehensive review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 159, 34-38. 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.04.021.
Beder, E., Ozgursoy, O. B. & Karatayli, O. S. (2005). Current diagnosis and transoral surgical treatment of Eagle’s syndrome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 63, 1742–1745.
Bedi R. S, Aurora J. K., Chauhan, H., & Komal, A. (2019). Eagle's Syndrome Mimicking Dental Pain: A Case Report With A Novel Surgical Approach. Natl J Maxillofac Surg, 10(2), 253–256. 10.4103/Njms.Njms_73_18.
Ceylan, A., Koybasioglu, A., Celenk, F., Yilmaz, O. & Uslu, S. (2008). Surgical treatment of elongated styloid process: experience of 61 cases. Skull Base, 18, 289–295.
Chase, D. C., Zarmen, A., Bigelow, W. C. & McCoy, J. M. (1986). Eagle’s syndrome: a comparison of intraoral versus extraoral surgicalapproaches. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 62, 625–629.
Czajka, M., Szuta, M., Zapała, J. & Janecka, I. (2019). Assessment of surgical treatment of Eagle's syndrome. Otolaryngol Pol, 73(5):18-24. 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1533.
De Ferreira, A. R. Jr, Muller, K., Hotta, T. H. & Goncalves, M. (2003). Temporomandibular disorder or Eagle’s syndrome? A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent, 90, 317–320.
Eagle, W. (1937). Elongated styloid process: report of two cases. Arch Otolaryngol, 25, 584–587.
Eagle, W. (1948). Elongated styloid process: Further observation and a new syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol, 47, 630–640.
Eagle, W. (1949). Symptomatic elongated styloid process: report of two cases of styloid process-carotid artery syndrome with operation. Arch Otolaryngol, 49, 490–503.
Eagle, W. (1958). Elongated styloid process: symptoms and treatment. AMA Arch Otolaryngol, 67, 172–176.
Grossmann, E. & Paiano, G. A. (1998). Eagle’s syndrome: a case report. Cranio Apr, 16(2), 126-30.
Kiraji, A., Illic, M., Pejakovic, B., Markov, B., Mijatov, S. & Mijatov, I. (2015). Eagle’s syndrome: A report of two cases. Vojnosanit Pregl, 72(5), 458-62.
Mahmoud, N. R. & Ashour, E. M. (2020). Cervico-facial pain associated with Eagle's syndrome misdiagnosed as cranio-mandibular disorders. A retrospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg, 48(10), 1009-1017. 10.1016/j.jcms.2020.07.016.
Pigache, P., Fontaine, C., Ferri, J. & Raoul, G. Transcervical styloidectomy in Eagle’s syndrome. (2018). Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis, 135, 433–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2018.05.001.
Saccomanno, S., Greco, F., DE Corso, E., Lucidi, D., Deli, R., D'Addona, A. & Paludetti, G. (2018). Eagle's Syndrome, from clinical presentation to diagnosis and surgical treatment: a case report. Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica: organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale, 38(2), 166–169. https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-1479.
Scharukh, J., Basem, T. J. & Gregory, A. G. (2017). Surgical Management of Long-standing Eagle's Syndrome. Ann Maxillofac Surg, 7(2), 232–236. 10.4103/ams.ams_53_17.
Yin, R. K. (2015). O estudo de caso. Bookman
Waters, C. M., Ho, S., Luginbuhl, A., Curry, J. M. & Cognetti, D. M. (2018) Surgical Management of Stylohyoid Pain (Eagle’s) Syndrome: A 5-Year Experience. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 128(3), 220-226. 10.1177/0003489418816999.
Westbrook, A. M., Kabbaz, V. J. & Showalter, C. R. (2020). Eagle’s syndrome, elongated styloid process and new evidence for pre-manipulative precautions for potential cervical arterial dysfunction. Musculoskelet Sci Pract, 50, 102219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102219.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Thaisa Reis de Carvalho Sampaio; André Coelho Lopes; Marcelo Marotta Araujo; Kayo Costa Alves; Ivan José Moreira Oliveira; Bruno da Silva Mesquita; Francisco Paulo Araujo Maia; Damião Edgleys Porto; Emanuel Savio de Souza Andrade
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
