Evaluation of the microbiota present in toothbrushes of infant patients during hospitalization: Pilot study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17615Keywords:
Toothbrushing; Contamination; Hospital infection.Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the possible nosocomial bacterial contamination of toothbrushes from pediatric patients and correlate these findings with the storage conditions. The study was developed with patients admitted to a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Only patients hospitalized for at least three days in the pediatric ward were included. Oncologic, immunosuppressed, and patients with severe respiratory infections were excluded. Ten personal toothbrushes were collected and immediately transferred to the Microbiology Laboratory. Bacterial identification was carried out by selective culture media, Gram stain, and biochemical tests (urea hydrolysis, indole, catalase, and conjugated coagulase). Furthermore, antimicrobial sensitivity tests were performed to detect methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Patient's age and hospitalization period were 10.5 years and 8.8 days in mean. Thirty-three toothbrushes were stored exposed to the hospital environment, without any protection. Acinetobacter spp. were identified in 33% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 22% of the samples. Additionally, a total of 11% of samples were contaminated by methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nosocomial bacterial contamination of toothbrushes, including by antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, was frequent and strongly associated with their direct exposure to the hospital environment. These results emphasize the importance of implementing strategies to prevent the bacteria contamination of hospitalized patient’s toothbrushes.
References
Anelo, T. F. S., & Caregnato, R. C. A. (2018). Ação educativa direcionada à segurança hospitalar: limpeza e desinfecção do ambiente próximo ao paciente. Vigil. Sanit. Debate, 6(3), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.22239/2317-269x.01101
Araújo, R. J. G., et al. (2014). Contaminação, desinfecção e acondiconamento de escovas dentais. Revista Científica da ABOMI, 29(1), 44-54.
Barros, O. B., et al. (2001). Escovas dentais. Rev Fac Odontol São José dos Campos, 4(1), 32-37.
Busato, C. A., et al. (2015). Utilização do hipoclorito de sódio na descontaminação de escovas dentais: estudo in vitro. Rev Odontol UNESP, 44(6), 335-339. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.04214
Camargo, R. A., et al. (2013). Avaliação microbiológica da efetividade de uma escova antibacteriana: um estudo in vivo. Rev Odontol UNESP, 42(1), 54-58.
Faria, L. M. M., et al. (2020). Prevalência de infecções bucais em ambiente hospitalar. Rev Estomato, 28(1), 8-16.
Ferreira, G. T. S., et al. (2013). Verificação da contaminação e forma de armazenamento de escovas dentais em um grupo de adolescentes de uma escola da rede privada de ensino. Rev. odontol. Univ. Cid. São Paulo, 25(1), 6-10.
Gonçalo, C. S., & Mialhe, F. L. (2009). Contaminação das escovas dentais: Uma revisão crítica da literatura. R. Periodontia, 19(3), 56-63.
González-olmp, M. J., et al. (2020). Oral hygiene habits and possible transmission of COVID‑19 among cohabitants. BMC Oral Health, 20(286), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01274-5
Lamarca, J. H., et al. (2020). SARS-CoV-2: a protocol for disinfection of toothbrushes. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, jiaa794. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa794
Marcondes, M. A., et al. (2016). Isolamento e identificação de Salmonella spp nas águas de rios e córregos do Municipio de São Caetano do Sul - SP. Ciência & Tecnologia: FAETEC-JB, 8, 1-15.
Meister, T. L. (2020). Virucidal efficacy of different oral rinses against severe acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 222(8), 1289-1292. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa471
Moreira, A. C. S., & Cavalcante, G. M. (2008). Influência da higienização na contaminação de escovas dentais. Arq. Ciênc. Saúde Unipar, 12(1), 99-103.
Nesso, N., & Iembo, T. (2012). O uso do forno de micro-ondas como agente antimicrobiano de alguns utensílios domésticos. J Health Sci Ins, 30(4), 315-317.
Oliveira, C. B., et al. (2009). Avaliação da eficácia da descontaminação de escovas dentárias pelo uso do spray de óleo essencial da eugenia uniflora l. (Pitanga). Cienc Odontol Bras, 12(2), 29-34.
Pormohammad, A., et al. (2020). Global prevalence of colistin resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microbial Pathogenesis, 139, 103887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103887
Song, Q., et al. (2018). Predominance of community-associated sequence type 59 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a paediatric intensive care unit. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 67, 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000693
Teitelbaum, A. P., et al. (2008). Contaminação de escovas dentais usadas em crianças com autismo. Rev Inst Ciênc Saúde, 26(1), 111-114.
Teixeira, D. A., et al. (2017). Programa saúde na escola: Uma visão acadêmica. Revista Rede de Cuidados em Saúde, 11(1), 1-9.
Zurita, J., et al. (2010). Diagnóstico e teste de sensibilidade para Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina na América Latina. Braz J Infect Dis, 14(2), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-86702010000800005
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Diego de Andrade Teixeira; Larissa Parada Leite; Silvio Jorge Machado; Leila Chevitarese; Luciana Alves Herdy da Silva; Flávia Cariús Tesch Ferreira Alves; José Massao Miasato
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
