Epidemiological profile of the healthcare-associated infections in an Intensive Care Unit from 2019 to 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i17.24926Keywords:
Epidemiology; Infections; Healthcare.Abstract
Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a severe problem to the healthcare worldwide, raising internment costs e mortality rates. Therefore, the need for monitoring and evaluation of incidence density and epidemiological profile of the HAI occurred in the Hospital Universitário de Sergipe (HU-UFS) grows. Objective: To evaluate if there is a significant difference between incidence/prevalence of HAI on patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in association with predisposing factors. Methodology: This study was realized with bibliographic research and data survey from the epidemiological vigilance records made by the service of hospital infections control of the patients admitted to the ICU from 2019 to 2020. Patients who meet the criteria for a minimum stay of 24 hours in the unit are included, and those who do not meet this criterion are excluded. Results: There has been a higher density of HAI in the third trimester of 2020, with 26,44. As for invasive devices, it was observed a higher rate of venous central line in the fourth trimester of 2020, with 83,9, but there was not elevation of HAI in this site. It was also observed a higher frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), within the topographies, corresponding to 47,22% of all cases. Conclusion: The rates found in this study are in consonance with the numbers published by Anvisa about other institutions with the same profile.
References
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (2017). Boletim de segurança do paciente e qualidade em Serviços de Saúde nº16: Avaliação dos indicadores nacionais de IRAS e Resistência microbiana, em 2016. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/centraisdeconteudo/publicacoes/servicosdesaude/publicacoes/boletim-seguranca-do-paciente/boletim-seguranca-do-paciente-e-qualidade-em-servicos-de-saude-no-16/view. Brasília.
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (2018). Boletim segurança do paciente e qualidade em Serviços de Saúde nº17: Avaliação dos indicadores nacionais de IRAS e Resistência microbiana, em 2017. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/centraisdeconteudo/publicacoes/servicosdesaude/boletim-seguranca-do-paciente/boletim-seguranca-do-paciente-e-qualidade-em-servicos-de-saude-n-17.pdf/view. Brasília.
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (2021). Programa Nacional de Prevenção e Controle de Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (PNPCIRAS) 2021 – 2025. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/centraisdeconteudo/publicacoes/servicosdesaude/publicacoes/pnpciras_2021_2025.pdf. Brasília.
Brito, I. L. P., Pereira, E.A., Souza, A.L. (2016). Prevalência de microrganismos isolados de hemoculturas em uma UTI adulta de um hospital de ensino da região norte do Ceará. Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, 48(2):1-61.
Calil, K., Cavalcanti Valente, G. S., & Silvino, Z. R. (2014). Acciones y/o intervenciones de enfermería para la prevención de infecciones hospitalarias en pacientes gravemente enfermos: una revisión integrativa. Enfermería Global. 13, 2 (mar. 2014), 406–443. https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.13.2.156491
Centers for disease control and prevention (2016). Healthcare-associated Infections (HAI) Progress Report. Disponível em: https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/PSA/HAIreport.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). National and State Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) Progress Report. Disponível em: https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/progress-report.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). United States COVID-19 pandemic vulnerability index by county. Disponível em: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/92735
Chastre, J., & Fagon, J. Y. (2002). Ventilator-associated pneumonia. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 165(7), 867–903. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.165.7.2105078
European centre for disease prevention and control (2018). Healthcare-associated infections acquired in intensive care units. Annual epidemiological report for 2016. Disponível em: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/healthcare-associated-infections-intensive-care-units-annual-epidemiological-0
Ferreira, L. de L., Azevedo, L. M. N. de, Salvador, P. T. C. de O., Morais, S. H. M. de, Paiva, R. de M., & Santos, V. E. P. (2019). Nursing Care in Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Scoping Review. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 72(2), 476–483. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0418
Fram, D. S., Ferreira, D. B., Matias, L. de O., Coelho, W. E., Escudero, D. V., Antonelli, T. S., & Medeiros, E. A. (2021). Perfil epidemiológico das iras notificadas em um hospital universitário durante a pandemia da covid‐19. The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 25, 101063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2020.101063
Guimarães, M. M. de Q., & Rocco, J. R. (2006). Prevalência e prognóstico dos pacientes com pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em um hospital universitário. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 32(4), 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132006000400013
Leal, M. A., & Freitas-Vilela, A. A. de. (2021). Costs of healthcare-associated infections in an Intensive Care Unit. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 74(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0275
Leoncio, J. M., Almeida, V. F. de, Ferrari, R. A. P., Capobiango, J. D., Kerbauy, G., & Tacla, M. T. G. M. (2019). Impacto das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde nos custos da hospitalização de crianças. Revista Da Escola de Enfermagem Da USP, 53. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2018016303486
Lode, H., Raffenberg, M., Erbes, R., Geerdes-Fenge, H., & Mauch, H. (2000). Nosocomial pneumonia: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Current opinion in infectious diseases, 13(4), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001432-200008000-00009
Nangino, G. de O., Oliveira, C. D. de, Correia, P. C., Machado, N. de M., & Dias, A. T. B. (2012). Impacto financeiro das infecções nosocomiais em unidades de terapia intensiva em hospital filantrópico de Minas Gerais. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 24(4), 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-507X2012000400011
Nogueira, L. de S., Ferretti-Rebustini, R. E. de L., Poveda, V. de B., Silva, R. de C. G. e, Barbosa, R. L., Oliveira, E. M. de, Andolhe, R., & Padilha, K. G. (2015). Carga de trabalho de enfermagem: preditor de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde na terapia intensiva? Revista Da Escola de Enfermagem Da USP, 49(spe), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420150000700006
Pereira, R. M. M., Oliveira, W. S., & Santiago, I. F. (2021). COVID-19 E INFECÇÕES RELACIONADAS À ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE. Anais Do I Congresso Nacional de Microbiologia Clínica On-Line. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1200
Pereira, A. S., Shitsuka, D. M., Parreira, F. J., & Shitsuka, R. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. UFSM. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/15824/LicComputacao_Metodologia-Pesquisa-Cientifica.pdf?sequence=1
Richards, M. J., Edwards, J. R., Culver, D. H., & Gaynes, R. P. (1999). Nosocomial infections in medical intensive care units in the United States. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Critical care medicine, 27(5), 887–892. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199905000-00020
Strich, J. R., & Palmore, T. N. (2017). Preventing Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens in the Intensive Care Unit. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 31(3), 535–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.010
World health organization (2014). Health care-associated infections Fact Sheet. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/gpsc/country_work/gpsc_ccisc_fact_ sheet_en.pdf.
World health organization (2016). Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care. Disponível em https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/251730/9789241549929-eng.pdf
World health organization (2019). Minimum Requirements for infection prevention and control programmes. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516945
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Diana Matos Euzébio; Wesley Max Vieira dos Santos; Simonize Cunha Barreto de Mendonça; Cicera Eugênia Pereira da Silva; Licia Carvalho Ribeiro; Rosana Silva Amarante; Karina Madureira Ramalho; Matheus Guilherme Izidório de Souza; Danillo Barbosa da Conceição; Angela Maria da Silva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
