Prevalence of women with possible urinary tract infection in a private laboratory in Belém-Pará
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.26899Keywords:
Women; Urinary tract infection; Risk.Abstract
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in clinical practice and can be considered the second most common in humans. The UTI has high values in terms of the number of cases around the world. The most affected patients are healthy women with an active sex life, the elderly and pregnant women. The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of women with possible urinary tract infection treated at a private laboratory in Belém - PA. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study, where data were collected, such as social profile, pre-existing disease and presence of symptoms and/or laboratory results of possible UTI, from 07/01/2020 to 07/31/2021. Of the total of 3240 patients, 1035 (31.94%) tested positive for UTI. As for the symptoms, it was revealed that 71% did not have suggestive symptoms. It was observed that 408 (12.59%) patients did not access their test results. The most prevalent microorganism in the cultures of patients who did not access their results was E. coli (76%). It is essential that patients, when performing their routine urinalysis and urine culture, have access to their diagnoses, for the correct treatment and avoiding exposure to risks due to untreated UTI.
References
Ahmad, S., Hussain, A., Khan, M. S. A., Shakireen, N., & Ali, I (2020). Diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infection: Causative uropathogens, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the effects of glycemic status. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(7), 1550-1557. 10.12669/pjms.36.7.2881
Al-Bash, M. R., Mathew, M., Al-Kharusi, L. A., & Abu-Heija, A. T. (2016). Symptomatic urinary tract infection in diabetic pregnant women, effect of the type of diabetes and glycemic control. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 4(2), 104-107. 10.4103/1658-631X.178327
Alpay, Y., Aykın, N., Korkmaz, P., Güldüren, H. M., & Çağlan, F. C. (2018). Urinary tract infections in the geriatric patients. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 34(1), 67-72. 10.12669/pjms.341.14013
Anghinoni, T. H., Contrin, L. M., Frutuoso, I. S., Werneck, A. L., Da Silveira, A. M. R., & Beccaria, L. M. (2018). Adesão ao protocolo de prevenção de infecção do trato urinário. Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line, 12(10), 2675-2682. 10.5205/1981-8963-v12i10a234874p2675-2682-2018
Barberino, M. G. M. de A. (2010). Prevalência de resistência a antimicrobianos e uso de testes rápidos no diagnóstico das infecções do trato urinário adquiridas na comunidade (Dissertação de Mestrado). Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brasil. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4251
Bono, M. J., & Reygaert, W. C. (2021). Urinary tract infection. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470195/
Chiţă, T., Timar, B., Muntean, D., Bădițoiu, L., Horhat, F., Hogea, E., Moldovan, R., Timar, R., & Licker, M. (2016). Urinary tract infections in Romanian patients with diabetes: Prevalence, etiology, and risk factors. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 13, 1–7. 10.2147/TCRM.S123226
Cortes-Penfield, N. W., Trautner, B. W., & Jump, R. L. P. (2017). Urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria in older adults. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 31(4), 673–688. 10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.002
Costa, T. S., & Cardoso, A. M. (2020). Escherichia coli em uroculturas de pacientes comunitários: Prevalência e perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana. Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, 52(1). 10.21877/2448-3877.202000868
Cristino, D. S., Castro, A. A. G., Mesquita, F. J. C., Barros, H. H. M., Sales, F. R. D., & Lima, J. C. S. Estudo de ocorrência de casos de infecção do trato urinário em pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos em serviço de urologia de Fortaleza-CE. Revista Eletrônica da Comissão de Ensino e Treinamento, 7 (1), 9-16. Recuperado em: http://recet.org.br/edicoes-anteriores/volume-7-numero-1-2020/
Flores-Mireles, A., Hreha, T. N., & Hunstad, D. A. (2019). Pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, 25(3), 228–240. 10.1310/sci2503-228
Fünfstück, R., Nicolle, L. E., Hanefeld, M., & Naber, K. G. (2012). Urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. Clinical Nephrology, 77(01), 40–48. 10.5414/CN107216
Geerlings, S. E. (2016). Clinical presentations and epidemiology of urinary tract infections. Microbiology Spectrum, 4(5). 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0002-2012
Guerra, G. V. de Q. L., Souza, A. S. R. de, Costa, B. F. da, Nascimento, F. R. Q. do, Amaral, M. de A., & Serafim, A. C. P. (2012). Exame simples de urina no diagnóstico de infecção urinária em gestantes de alto risco. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 34(11), 488–493. 10.1590/S0100-72032012001100002
Heidar, N. F. A., Degheili, J. A., Yacoubian, A. A., & Khauli, R. B. (2019). Management of urinary tract infection in women: A practical approach for everyday practice. Urology Annals, 11(4), 339-346. 10.4103/UA.UA_104_19
Hein, S., Bortoli, C. de F. C. de, & Massafera, G. I. (2016). Fatores relacionados à infecção de trato urinário na gestação: Revisão integrativa. Journal of Nursing and Health, 6(1), 83–91. Recuperado em: https://periodicos.ufpel.edu.br/ojs2/index.php/enfermagem/article/view/5977
Jung, C., & Brubaker, L. (2019). The etiology and management of recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. Climacteric, 22(3), 242–249. 10.1080/13697137.2018.1551871
Kumar, R., Kumar, R., Perswani, P., Taimur, M., Shah, A., & Shaukat, F. (2019). Clinical and microbiological profile of urinary tract infections in diabetic versus non-diabetic individuals. Cureus, 11(8), e5464. 10.7759/cureus.5464
Machado, A. D., Naumann, D. C., Ferrazza, M. H. S. H., Guevohlanian-Silva, A. T. B. Y., & Weber, K. (2019). Prevalência de infecção urinária em um laboratório de análises clínicas da cidade de Jaraguá do Sul, SC, no ano de 2017. Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, 51(3). 10.21877/2448-3877.201900821
Mageto, V. M., Mbuthia, O. W., Ngetsa, C. J., Moraa, D. O., Okoyo, E. O., Mathenge, S. G., & Njoroge, W. G. (2020). Evaluation of sociodemographic factors among diabetic patients with urinary tract infections in kisii referral hospital, kenya. International Journal of Microbiology, 2020, 1–5. 10.1155/2020/5053867
Marques, A. G., Doi, A. M., Pasternak, J., Damascena, M. dos S., França, C. N., & Martino, M. D. V. (2017). Performance of the dipstick screening test as a predictor of negative urine culture. Einstein (São Paulo), 15(1), 34–39. 10.1590/s1679-45082017ao3936
Masson, L. C., Martins, L. V., Gomes, C. M., & Cardoso, A. M. (2020). Diagnóstico laboratorial das infecções urinárias: Relação entre a urocultura e o EAS. Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, 52(1). 10.21877/2448-3877.202000861
Muller, L. M. A. J., Gorter, K. J., Hak, E., Goudzwaard, W. L., Schellevis, F. G., Hoepelman, A. I. M., & Rutten, G. E. H. M.. (2005). Increased Risk of Common Infections in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 41(3), 281–288. Recuperado em: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4463389
Nitzan, O., Elias, M., Chazan, B., & Saliba, W. (2015). Urinary tract infections in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Review of prevalence, diagnosis, and management. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 8, 129-136. 10.2147/DMSO.S51792
Nóbrega, B. P., Lima, L. J. L. de, Fonseca, D. V. da, Tenório, A. P. de O., Tenório, P. P., & Lopes, M. R. (2019). A importância da análise sedimentoscópica diante dos achados físico-químicos normais no exame de urina. Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, 51(1). 10.21877/2448-3877.201900785
Paula, M. L. A. de, Negri, M. M., Paula, C. L. A. de, Xavier, A. R., Kanaan, S., & Weide, L. de C. C. (2016). Infecção do trato urinário em mulheres com vida sexual ativa. Jornal Brasileiro de Medicina, 103 (2), 37-41. Recuperado em: http://files.bvs.br/upload/S/0047-2077/2016/v103n2/a5403.pdf
Pérez, R. P., Ortega, M. J. C., Álvarez, J. A., Baquero-Artigao, F., Rico, J. C. S., Zúñiga, R. V., ... Liria, C. R. G. de. (2019). Recomendaciones sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección urinaria. Anales de Pediatría, 90(6), 400.e1-400.e9. 10.1016/j.anpedi.2019.02.009
Pietrucha-Dilanchian, P., & Hooton, T. M. (2016). Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary tract infection. Microbiology Spectrum, 4(6). 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0021-2015
Ramrakhia, S., Raja, K., Dev, K., Kumar, A., Kumar, V., & Kumar, B. (2020). Comparison of incidence of urinary tract infection in diabetic vs non-diabetic and associated pathogens. Cureus, 12 (9), e10500. 10.7759/cureus.10500
Rodriguez-Mañas, L. (2020). Urinary tract infections in the elderly: A review of disease characteristics and current treatment options. Drugs in Context, 9 (9), 1–8. 10.7573/dic.2020-4-13
Rossi, P. de., Cimerman, S., Truzzi, J. C., Cunha, C. A. da, Mattar, R., Martino, M. D. V., ... Gales, A. C. (2020). Joint report of SBI (Brazilian society of infectious diseases), FEBRASGO (Brazilian federation of gynecology and obstetrics associations), SBU (Brazilian society of urology) and SBPC/ML (Brazilian society of clinical pathology/laboratory medicine): Recommendations for the clinical management of lower urinary tract infections in pregnant and non-pregnant women. The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 24(2), 110–119. 10.1016/j.bjid.2020.04.002
Santos, M. J. A. dos., Porcy, C., & Menezes, R. A. de O. (2019). Etiologia e perfil de resistência bacteriana em uroculturas de pacientes atendidos em um hospital público de Macapá-Amapá, Brasil. Um estudo transversal. Diagn. tratamento, 24(4), 135-142. Recuperado em: http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5eue2
Saramela, M. M., & Fernandes, T. R. L. (2021). Evaluation of urinalysis pre-analytical phase in a private laboratory of Maringá city, Paraná, Brazil. Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial, 57(1), 1-6. 10.5935/1676-2444.20210013
Shih, W.-Y., Chang, C.-C., Tsou, M.-T., Chan, H.-L., Chen, Y.-J., & Hwang, L.-C. (2019). Incidence and risk factors for urinary tract infection in an elder home care population in taiwan: A retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(4), 566. 10.3390/ijerph16040566
Sinawe, H., & Casadesus, D. (2021). Urine culture. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Recuperado em: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557569/
Stapleton, A. E. (2016). The vaginal microbiota and urinary tract infection. Microbiology Spectrum, 4(6), 1-5. 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0025-2016
Tan, C., & Chlebicki, M. (2016). Urinary tract infections in adults. Singapore Medical Journal, 57(09), 485–490. 10.11622/smedj.2016153
Worku, G. Y., Alamneh, Y. B., & Abegaz, W. E. (2021). Prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infection and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among diabetes mellitus patients attending zewditu memorial hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance, 2021(14), 1441–1454. 10.2147/IDR.S298176
Yan, L., Jin, Y., Hang, H., & Yan, B. (2018). The association between urinary tract infection during pregnancy and preeclampsia: A meta-analysis. Medicine, 97(36), e12192. 10.1097/MD.0000000000012192
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Caian Matheus Santos Ferreira; Francisco Daniel Queiroz Brito; Soany Soares Leite; Gabriel da Silva Duarte; Bianca Bandeira Pinto Reis; Alessandra Ribeiro Moraes da Silva; Priscila Gabriela de Souza Braga; José Eduardo Gomes Arruda
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.