Continuing education in outpatient and community pharmacies: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.29066Keywords:
Continuing education; Continuing education in pharmacy; Teaching; Pharmacists; Pharmacy technicians.Abstract
In the drug chain, the pharmacist and pharmacy attendants are the last contact between the health service and the user. These professionals are responsible for delivering the medication and providing guidance on treatment. Therefore, it is essential that there is adequate training and ongoing education for professionals in the sector. Permanent education in health is built from the daily problems seen collectively and from educational actions that seek alternatives and solutions for the transformation of health practices. The objective of the research was to verify the implementation and necessity of permanent education in health in outpatient and community pharmacies through articles recently published in the literature. For this, the method of integrative literature review was used through the Medline, Lilacs and Scielo databases. A total of 991 articles were found and 13 scientific productions were selected for full reading and synthesis, after applying the exclusion criteria. The literature does not specifically address the need for continuing education in community pharmacies for both pharmacists and other pharmacy professionals such as technicians or clerks. Most studies evaluate the results of continuing education for pharmacists. Although the concepts of permanent education and continuing education are confused, the need for permanent education and importance in the pharmacy environment is clear. Education increases the knowledge of professionals and generates greater confidence for both the worker and the patient, increasing the quality of care and drug dispensing.
References
Botelho, L. L. R., de Almeida Cunha, C. C., & Macedo, M. (2011). O método da revisão integrativa nos estudos organizacionais. Gestão e sociedade, 5(11), 121-136.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (BR). (2013). Anexo 3: Protocolo de Segurança na prescrição, uso e administração de medicamentos. <https://www.hospitalsantalucinda.com.br/downloads/prot_meficamentos.pdf>
Cardoso, I. M. (2012). " Rodas de educação permanente" na atenção básica de saúde: analisando contribuições. Saúde e Sociedade, 21, 18-28.
Conselho Regional de Farmácia do Estado de São Paulo – CRF-SP (2017). Manual de orientação ao farmacêutico: aspectos legais da dispensação. São Paulo: CRF-SP, 64 p. <http://www.crfsp.org.br/documentos/materiaistecnicos/Aspectos_Legais_da_Dispensacao.pdf>
Fleming, M. L., Phan, Y., Ferries, E. A., & Hatfield, M. D. (2016). Educating pharmacists on a prescription drug monitoring program. Journal of pharmacy practice, 29(6), 543-548.
Freire, I. L. S., Dos Santos, F. R., dos Santos Barbosa, J., da Silva, B. C. O., da Silva, I. S., & de Freitas, A. A. L. (2019). Conhecimento e atuação dos profissionais da farmácia sobre a dispensação dos medicamentos. Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde, 26(2), 141-145.
Gonçalves, G. F., Cordeiro, B. C., Dias, M. M., & Messias, C. M. (2020). Educação permanente na assistência farmacêutica ao paciente com HIV: uma revisão integrativa. Research, Society and Development, 9(3), e70932426-e70932426.
Lahrman, R., Johnson, A., Heaton, P. C., Frede, S. M., & Schwartz, R. (2019). Assessment of community pharmacists’ confidence, foundational knowledge, and coordination of care activities in patients with cancer as a chronic condition. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 59(4), S106-S111.
Latif, A., Gulzar, N., Lowe, F., Ansong, T., & Gohil, S. (2021). Engaging community pharmacists in quality improvement (QI): a qualitative case study of a partnership between a Higher Education Institute and Local Pharmaceutical Committees. BMJ Open Quality, 10(1), e001047.
Laven, A., Deters, M. A., Rose, O., Schwender, H., Smaranda, A., Waltering, I., & Laeer, S. (2018). PharmAdhere: training German community pharmacists with objective structured clinical examinations. International journal of clinical pharmacy, 40(5), 1317-1327.
Marin, N., Luiza, V. L., Osorio-de-Castro, C. G., & Machado-dos-Santos, S. (2003). Assistência farmacêutica para gerentes municipais. In Assistência farmacêutica para gerentes municipais (pp. 334-p).
Nascimento Jr, J. M., Paganelli, M. O., Tavares, N. U. L., Soeiro, O. M., & Costa, K. S. (2016). Dispensação: dispensar e entregar não são sinônimos. Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde no Brasil. Brasília, Brazil, 1, 1-5.
Nguyen, T. S., Nguyen, T. L. H., Van Pham, T. T., Cao, T. B. T., Hua, S., & Li, S. C. (2018). Effectiveness of a short training program for community pharmacists to improve knowledge and practice of asthma counselling–a simulated patient study. Respiratory medicine, 144, 50-60.
Obreli-Neto, P. R., Dos Reis, T. M., Guidoni, C. M., Girotto, E., Guerra, M. L., de Oliveira Baldoni, A., & Pereira, L. R. L. (2016a). A systematic review of the effects of continuing education programs on providing clinical community pharmacy services. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 80(5).
Obreli-Neto, P. R., Guidoni, C. M., Baldoni, A. D. O., Marusic, S., Castedalli, G., Lahoud, Y. M., ... & Pereira, L. R. L. (2016b). Evaluation of the effectiveness of an Internet-based continuing education program on pharmacy-based minor ailment management: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 52, 15-26.
Oliveira, N. V. B. V. D., Szabo, I., Bastos, L. L., & Paiva, S. P. (2017). Atuação profissional dos farmacêuticos no Brasil: perfil sociodemográfico e dinâmica de trabalho em farmácias e drogarias privadas. Saúde e Sociedade, 26, 1105-1121.
Packeiser, P. B., & Castro, M. S. (2020). Evaluation of simulated drug dispensing and patient counseling in the course of pharmaceutical improvement: 2009 to 2015. Pharmacy Practice (Granada), 18(4).
Quintana-Bárcena, P., Lord, A., Lizotte, A., Berbiche, D., & Lalonde, L. (2018). Prevalence and management of drug-related problems in chronic kidney disease patients by severity level: a subanalysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial in community pharmacies. Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 24(2), 173-181.
Sabino, J. A., & Cardoso, R. A. (2010). Perfil e atitudes de balconistas de drogarias ao dispensar medicamentos sem prescrição médica. Tempus Actas de Saúde Coletiva, 4(3), pág-53.
San Saw, P., Chuah, L. H., & Lee, S. W. H. (2018). A practical approach toward teaching ethics to community pharmacists. International journal of clinical pharmacy, 40(5), 1131-1136.
Santos, P. F., de Arruda Pedrosa, K., & Pinto, J. R. (2016). A Educação Permanente como ferramenta no trabalho interprofissional na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Tempus Actas de Saúde Coletiva, 10(3), ág-177.
Siaw, M. Y. L., Ang, S. W., & Lee, J. Y. C. (2017). Evaluation of the diabetes, multidisciplinary, experiential (DIAMANTE) program for retail pharmacists: a mixed-method study. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 37(2), 116-122.
Silva, D. S. J. R., & Duarte, L. R. (2015). Educação permanente em saúde. Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Sorocaba, 17(2), 104-105.
Stroschein, K. A., & Zocche, D. A. A. (2011). Educação permanente nos serviços de saúde: um estudo sobre as experiências realizadas no Brasil. Trabalho, Educação e Saúde, 9, 505-519.
Wilbur, K., Shabana, S., Maraghi, F., ElMubark, A., & Kheir, N. (2017). An evaluation of the translation of continuing education into diabetes public health care by pharmacists. International journal of clinical pharmacy, 39(4), 774-782.
Willis, S. C., Seston, E. M., Family, H., White, S., & Cutts, C. (2019). Extending the scope of community pharmacists’ practice to patients requiring urgent care–An evaluation of a training programme using the Theoretical Domains Framework. Health & social care in the community, 27(4), 999-1010.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Isabella Candian Bertolin; Benedito Carlos Cordeiro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
