Bioactives Derived from Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Azadirachta Indica (Neem) and their Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.32454Keywords:
Bioprospecting; Secondary metabolites; Micro-organisms; Medicinal plants.Abstract
Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neen) has great ethnomedicinal importance, being known for its insecticidal power and for various therapeutic purposes as a folk medicine. Studies show that endophytes isolated from medicinal plants have potential as an alternative source of secondary metabolites. More than 400 compounds have been isolated from different parts of Neen, including important bioactive secondary metabolites such as azadirachtin, nimbidin, nimbin, nimbolide, gedunin, however, the metabolites of fungi already isolated and characterized showed that more than half of the molecules have antibacterial activity, antifungal and antitumor. Penicillin, cephalosporin, ergotrate and statins are fungal secondary metabolites. The present work aimed to carry out a review of the literature on bioactive products from endophytic fungi of Azadirachta indica and their applications. Activities from extracts of plant parts (leaves, stems, roots) or from cultivation and selection of endophytes other than the kingdom Fungi were excluded. 11 articles were found in the databases that present 12 different endophytic fungi, isolated from Azadirachta indica, with the production of different secondary metabolites and varied applications. Antimicrobial, antifungal, insecticidal and nematicidal activities and improvement in plant adaptation mechanisms. Thirty-four metabolites were identified and tested in different techniques and applications.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Ana Patrícia Ricci; José Celso Rocha Martins Júnior; Vanessa Pinto Oleques Pradebon; Laís Rezende Maia; Alfred Werner Medina Loosli ; Antonia Railda Roel; Tiago Tognolli de Almeida
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