Retroviral Sequences of interest in Veterinary Medicine identified in urban bats from the Amazon

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32993

Keywords:

Viroma; Chiroptera; Metagenomics; Illumina.

Abstract

Bats are reservoirs of a diversity of viruses. Among the viruses recorded in bats, retroviruses are among the most significant virus families because they cause persistent infection in the animals. Recent reports of retroviruses circulating in bat populations have identified several retroviruses from other animals in these mammals. We aimed from viral Metagenomics, to identify retroviral sequences of interest in Veterinary Medicine, in Amazonian urban bat species. Using Next Generation Sequencing (SNG) on Illumina Platform and based on BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool), we analyzed 168 samples (56 from blood, 56 from oral swab and 56 from anal swab) from 56 bats of the species Noctilio albiventris (n=18), N. leporinus (n=1), Artibeus lituratus (n=13), Myotis sp. (n=6) and Molossus molossus (n=18). As a result, we observed that four genera of retroviruses had readings, these being: Alpharetrovirus, Betaretrovirus, Gammaretrovirus and Lentivirus. The oral swab pools had more number of viral contigs identified by similarity in BLAST. The total retroviral sequences were: Duck infectious anemia virus, Feline leukemia virus, Gibbon ape leukemia virus, Avian leukosis virus, Reticuloendotheliosis virus, Feline mmunodeficiency virus, Mason Pfizer monkey virus, Enzootic nasal tumour virus of goat e Simian retrovirus Y. We show from our metagenomic analysis, that there is circulation of retroviruses from other reservoirs, such as felines, sheep and birds, in the chyropterofauna of the region and report such records in order to warn about permanent surveillance of bats for new retroviruses and investigations of biological characteristics and infectious potential of such viruses.

References

Baker, K. S., Leggett, R. M., Bexfield, N. H., Alston, M., & Daly, G. (2013). Metagenomic study of the viruses of African straw-coloured fruit bats: Detection of a chiropteran poxvirus and isolation of a novel adenovirus. Virology, 441, 95–106.

Cui, J., Tachedjian, G., Tachedjian, M., Holmes, E.C., & Zhang, S. (2012a). Identification of diverse groups of endogenous gammaretroviruses in mega- and microbats. Journal of General Virology, 93, 2037–2045. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.043760-0.

Cui, J., Tachedjian, G., & Wang, L.F. (2015). Bats and Rodents Shape Mammalian Retroviral Phylogeny. Scientific Reports, 9(5), 165561.

Cui, J., Tachedjian, M., Wang, L., Tachedjian, G., & Wang, L. F. (2012b). Discovery of retroviral homologs in bats: implications for the origin of mammalian gammaretroviruses. Journal of Virology, 86, 4288–4293. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.06624-11.

Denget, X., Naccache, S. N., Nig, T., Federman, S., Li, L., Chiu, C.Y., & Delwart, E.L. (2015). An ensemble strategy that significantly improves de novo assembly of microbial genomes from metagenomic next-generation sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Research, 20, 43(7), 46. 10.1093/nar/gkv002.

Delwart, E. L. (2007). Viral metagenomics. Reviews in medical virology, 17 (2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.532.

Goff, S. P. (2013). Retroviridae. In Fields Virology. (pp1424-1473). Edited by D. M. Knipe & P. M. Howley: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

Hayward, J. A., Grabherr, M., & Jern, P. (2013). Broad-scale phylogenomics provides insights into retrovirus-host evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 10(50), 20146-51. 10.1073/pnas.1315419110.

Hayward, J. A., Tachedjian, M., Cui, J., Field, H., Holmes, E.C., Wang, L.F. & Tachedjian, G. (2013). Identification of diverse full-length endogenous betaretroviruses in megabats and microbats. Retrovirology, 27, 10-35. 10.1186/1742-4690-10-35.

Hayward, J. A., Tachedjian, M., Kohl, C., Johnson, A., Dearnley, M., Jesaveluk, B., & Nitsche, A. (2020). Infectious KoRV-related retroviruses circulating in Australian bats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 28 (17), 9529-9536. 10.1073/pnas.1915400117.

Hayward, J. A., & Tachedjian, G. (2021). Retroviruses of Bats: a Threat Waiting in the Wings? Sociedade Americana de Microbiologia mBio, 26(5), 19-41. 10.1128/mBio.01941-21.

Hayman, D. T. (2016). Bats as Viral Reservoirs. Annual Review of Virology, 29 (1), 77-99. 10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042203.

MCginnis, S., & Thomas, L. M. (2004). “BLAST: at the core of a powerful and diverse set of sequence analysis tools.” Nucleic acids research, 32, 20-25. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh435

McMichael, L., Smith, C., Gordon, A., Agnihotri, K., Meers, J., & Oakey, J. (2019). A novel Australian flying-fox retrovirus shares an evolutionary ancestor with Koala, Gibbon and Melomys gamma-retroviruses. Virus Genes, 55(3), 421-424. 10.1007/s11262-019-01653-3.

Mollentze, N., & Streicker, D. G. (2020). Viral zoonotic risk is homogenous among taxonomic orders of mammalian and avian reservoir hosts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 28(17), 9423-9430. 10.1073/pnas.1919176117.

Reis, J. K. P. (2012). Retroviroses Animais. Cadernos Técnicos de Veterinária e Zootecnia. 64, 65-76.

Stoye, J. P. (2012). Studies of endogenous retroviruses reveal a continuing evolutionary saga. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 8(6), 395-406. 10.1038/nrmicro2783.

Tachedjian, G., Hayward, J. A., & Cui, J. (2015). Bats and reverse transcribing RNA and DNA viruses (pp 177–201. In Wang L-F. Cowled C (ed), Bats and viruses: a new frontier of emerging infectious diseases. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ. 10.1002/9781118818824.ch7.

Tarlinton, R. E., Meers, J., & Young, P. R. (2006). Retroviral invasion of the koala genome. Nature. 442, 79–81.

Downloads

Published

05/08/2022

How to Cite

ABREU, W. U. .; RODRIGUES, L. R. R. .; COSTA, A. C. da .; MORAIS, V. dos S. .; PAULA, A. C. de .; BARREIROS, E. A. . Retroviral Sequences of interest in Veterinary Medicine identified in urban bats from the Amazon. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 10, p. e394111032993, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32993. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/32993. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 10

Section

Agrarian and Biological Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Wandercleyson Uchôa Abreu; Luis Reginaldo Ribeiro Rodrigues; Antonio Charlys da Costa; Vanessa dos Santos Morais; Adriane Castro de Paula; Eduardo Alves Barreiros

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.