Neuropsychiatric and cognitive comorbidities in epilepsy

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43331

Keywords:

Comorbidity; Epilepsy; Neurology.

Abstract

The epileptic crisis is characterized by a momentary episode of signs and symptoms that are caused by abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. On the other hand, epileptic syndrome is defined, according to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), by “a group of clinical and neuroimaging characteristics in electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, many times, supported by specific etiologic findings (structural, genetic, metabolic, immunological and infectious)”. Accordingly, epilepsy patients have multiple neuropsychiatric comorbidities, being depressive disorders the most common, a condition that affects the quality of life and is influenced by numerous external factors. The present study aims to conduct a literature review based on the analysis of articles published from 2010 to 2022 in the PubMed (Medline) and Science Direct databases on epilepsy, its cognitive compromising and its neuropsychiatric comorbidities, using the terminology indicated by the System of Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) and a set of predetermined criteria to select the best articles on the subject. Therefore, approaching psychiatric comorbidities, such as depressive disorders and cognitive deficiencies, in epilepsy is essential in light of its high prevalence and the negative repercussions in the patient's life. Consequently, more in-depth studies are necessary to provide a better prognosis for epilepsy patients and to evaluate the side effects and the clinical repercussions of Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs).

References

Abraham, N., Buvanaswari, P., Rathakrishnan, R., Tran, B. X., Thu, G. V., Nguyen, L. H., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2019). A Meta-Analysis of the Rates of Suicide Ideation, Attempts and Deaths in People with Epilepsy. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(8), 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081451

Alfaro, A., Asensio, M., García-Escrivá, A., Medrano, V., Salom, J. M., Tortosa, D., Palao, S., Lezcano, M., Berenguer, L., Navarro, M., Cerdán, M., Buendía, J. F., & Giner, J. C. (2019). LAM study: Effects of lacosamide on behaviour and quality of life in patients with epilepsy. Estudio LAM: conducta y calidad de vida en pacientes diagnosticados de epilepsia tratados con lacosamida. Neurologia, 34(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2016.10.007

Allone, C., Lo Buono, V., Corallo, F., Pisani, L. R., Pollicino, P., Bramanti, P., & Marino, S. (2017). Neuroimaging and cognitive functions in temporal lobe epilepsy: A review of the literature. Journal of the neurological sciences, 381, 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.007

Bailey, K., & Im-Bolter, N. (2021). Language in childhood epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 114(Pt A), 107621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107621

Baxendale, S., & Thompson, P. (2016). Reprint of: The new approach to epilepsy classification: Cognition and behavior in adult epilepsy syndromes. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 64(Pt B), 318–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.11.025

Berg A. T. (2011). Epilepsy, cognition, and behavior: The clinical picture. Epilepsia, 52 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02905.x

Clancy, M. J., Clarke, M. C., Connor, D. J., Cannon, M., & Cotter, D. R. (2014). The prevalence of psychosis in epilepsy; a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC psychiatry, 14, 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-75

Devinsky, O., Vezzani, A., O'Brien, T. J., Jette, N., Scheffer, I. E., de Curtis, M., & Perucca, P. (2018). Epilepsy. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 4, 18024. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2018.24

Falco-Walter J. (2020). Epilepsy-Definition, Classification, Pathophysiology, and Epidemiology. Seminars in neurology, 40(6), 617–623. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718719

Gonçalves, E. B., de Oliveira Cardoso, T. A. M., Yasuda, C. L., & Cendes, F. (2018). Depressive disorders in patients with pharmaco-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The Journal of international medical research, 46(2), 752–760. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060517717825

Gulati, S., Yoganathan, S., & Chakrabarty, B. (2014). Epilepsy, cognition and behavior. Indian journal of pediatrics, 81(10), 1056–1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-014-1530-4

Haile, K., Awoke, T., Ayano, G., Ayano, G., Tareke, M., Abate, A., & Nega, M. (2018). Suicide ideation and attempts among people with epilepsy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Annals of general psychiatry, 17, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-018-0174-6

Helmstaedter, C., & Witt, J. A. (2013). The longer-term cognitive effects of adjunctive antiepileptic treatment with lacosamide in comparison with lamotrigine and topiramate in a naturalistic outpatient setting. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 26(2), 182–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.052

Helmstaedter, C., & Witt, J. A. (2017). Epilepsy and cognition - A bidirectional relationship? Seizure, 49, 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2017.02.017

IJff, D. M., Postulart, D., Lambrechts, D. A. J. E., Majoie, M. H. J. M., de Kinderen, R. J. A., Hendriksen, J. G. M., Evers, S. M. A. A., & Aldenkamp, A. P. (2016). Cognitive and behavioral impact of the ketogenic diet in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy: A randomized controlled trial. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 60, 153–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.033

IJff, D. M., van Veenendaal, T. M., Majoie, H. J., de Louw, A. J., Jansen, J. F., & Aldenkamp, A. P. (2015). Cognitive effects of lacosamide as adjunctive therapy in refractory epilepsy. Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 131(6), 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12372

Jiang, L. W., Qian, R. B., Fu, X. M., Zhang, D., Peng, N., Niu, C. S., & Wang, Y. H. (2018). Altered attention networks and DMN in refractory epilepsy: A resting-state functional and causal connectivity study. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 88, 81–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.06.045

Karami, A., Khodarahimi, S., & Mazaheri, M. (2019). Cognitive and perceptual functions in patients with occipital lobe epilepsy, patients with migraine, and healthy controls. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 97, 265–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.005

Laxer, K. D., Trinka, E., Hirsch, L. J., Cendes, F., Langfitt, J., Delanty, N., Resnick, T., & Benbadis, S. R. (2014). The consequences of refractory epilepsy and its treatment. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 37, 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.05.031

Li, K. Y., Huang, L. C., Chang, Y. P., & Yang, Y. H. (2020). The effects of lacosamide on cognitive function and psychiatric profiles in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 113, 107580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107580

Li, Y., Sun, Y., Zhang, T., Shi, Q., Sun, J., Xiang, J., Chen, Q., Hu, Z., & Wang, X. (2020). The relationship between epilepsy and cognitive function in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Brain and behavior, 10(12), e01854. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1854

Liguori, C., Izzi, F., Manfredi, N., Mercuri, N. B., & Placidi, F. (2018). Lacosamide may improve cognition in patients with focal epilepsy: EpiTrack to compare cognitive side effects of lacosamide and carbamazepine. Epilepsy & behavior case reports, 10, 35–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcr.2018.02.004

Liguori, C., Toledo, M., & Kothare, S. (2021). Effects of anti-seizure medications on sleep architecture and daytime sleepiness in patients with epilepsy: A literature review. Sleep medicine reviews, 60, 101559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101559

MacAllister, W. S., Vasserman, M., Rosenthal, J., & Sherman, E. (2014). Attention and executive functions in children with epilepsy: what, why, and what to do. Applied neuropsychology. Child, 3(3), 215–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2013.839605

Mesraoua, B., Deleu, D., Hassan, A. H., Gayane, M., Lubna, A., Ali, M. A., Tomson, T., Khalil, B. A., Cross, J. H., & Asadi-Pooya, A. A. (2020). Dramatic outcomes in epilepsy: depression, suicide, injuries, and mortality. Current medical research and opinion, 36(9), 1473–1480. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2020.1776234

Mirabel, H., Guinet, V., Voltzenlogel, V., Pradier, S., & Hennion, S. (2020). Social cognition in epilepsy: State of the art and perspectives. Revue neurologique, 176(6), 468–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2020.02.010

Moseley, B. D., Cole, D., Iwuora, O., Strawn, J. R., & Privitera, M. (2015). The effects of lacosamide on depression and anxiety in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy research, 110, 115–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.12.007

Mula, M., & Sander, J. W. (2015). Suicide and epilepsy: do antiepileptic drugs increase the risk? Expert opinion on drug safety, 14(4), 553–558. https://doi.org/10.1517/14740338.2015.1010506

Mula, M., & Schmitz, B. (2009). Depression in epilepsy: mechanisms and therapeutic approach. Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2(5), 337–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/1756285609337340

Nevitt, S. J., Sudell, M., Cividini, S., Marson, A. G., & Tudur Smith, C. (2022). Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 4(4), CD011412. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011412.pub4

Niu, K., Li, Y., Zhang, T., Sun, J., Sun, Y., Shu, M., Wang, P., Zhang, K., Chen, Q., & Wang, X. (2021). Impact of Antiepileptic Drugs on Cognition and Neuromagnetic Activity in Childhood Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 15, 720596. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.720596

Rocamora, R., Ley, M., Molins, A., Toledo, M., Sansa, G., Bertol, V., Becerra, J. L., Carreño, M., & Mauri, J. Á. (2018). Effect of lacosamide on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with focal refractory epilepsy: A prospective multicenter study. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 79, 87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.10.032

Schraegle, W. A., & Titus, J. B. (2016). Executive function and health-related quality of life in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 62, 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.06.006

Sherman, E. M., Brooks, B. L., Fay-McClymont, T. B., & MacAllister, W. S. (2012). Detecting epilepsy-related cognitive problems in clinically referred children with epilepsy: is the WISC-IV a useful tool? Epilepsia, 53(6), 1060–1066. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03493.x

Subramaniam, S. R., Khoo, C. S., Raymond, A. A., Che Din, N., Syed Zakaria, S. Z., & Tan, H. J. (2020). Prevalence and factors of verbal learning and memory dysfunction in patients with epilepsy - A single centre study. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 73, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2020.02.003

Suleymanova E. M. (2021). Behavioral comorbidities of epilepsy and neuroinflammation: Evidence from experimental and clinical studies. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 117, 107869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107869

Tedrus, G. M. A. S., Passos, M. L. G. A., Vargas, L. M., & Menezes, L. E. F. J. (2020). Cognition and epilepsy: Cognitive screening test. Dementia & neuropsychologia, 14(2), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020013

Terra, V. C., de Paola, L., & Silvado, C. E. (2014). Are children affected by epileptic neuropsychiatric comorbidities? Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 38, 8–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.10.003

Ueda, R., Kaga, Y., Kita, Y., Tanaka, M., Iwasaki, M., Takeshita, E., Shimizu-Motohashi, Y., Ishiyama, A., Saito, T., Nakagawa, E., Sugai, K., Sasaki, M., Okada, T., & Inagaki, M. (2021). Postoperative improvement of executive function and adaptive behavior in children with intractable epilepsy. Brain & development, 43(2), 280–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.braindev.2020.08.005

Wandschneider, B., Burdett, J., Townsend, L., Hill, A., Thompson, P. J., Duncan, J. S., & Koepp, M. J. (2017). Effect of topiramate and zonisamide on fMRI cognitive networks. Neurology, 88(12), 1165–1171. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003736

Wandschneider, B., Stretton, J., Sidhu, M., Centeno, M., Kozák, L. R., Symms, M., Thompson, P. J., Duncan, J. S., & Koepp, M. J. (2014). Levetiracetam reduces abnormal network activations in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology, 83(17), 1508–1512. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000910

Wirrell, E., Tinuper, P., Perucca, E., & Moshé, S. L. (2022). Introduction to the epilepsy syndrome papers. Epilepsia, 63(6), 1330–1332. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.17262

Witt, J. A., & Helmstaedter, C. (2022). The impact of perampanel on cognition: A systematic review of studies employing standardized tests in patients with epilepsy. Seizure, 94, 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2021.12.001

Xiao, F., Caciagli, L., Wandschneider, B., Sander, J. W., Sidhu, M., Winston, G., Burdett, J., Trimmel, K., Hill, A., Vollmar, C., Vos, S. B., Ourselin, S., Thompson, P. J., Zhou, D., Duncan, J. S., & Koepp, M. J. (2018). Effects of carbamazepine and lamotrigine on functional magnetic resonance imaging cognitive networks. Epilepsia, 59(7), 1362–1371. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.14448

Ye, K., Foster, E., Johnstone, B., Carney, P., Velakoulis, D., O'Brien, T. J., Malpas, C. B., & Kwan, P. (2020). Factors associated with subjective cognitive function in epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy research, 163, 106342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106342

Yogarajah, M., & Mula, M. (2019). Social cognition, psychiatric comorbidities, and quality of life in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior: E&B, 100(Pt B), 106321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.05.017

Downloads

Published

04/10/2023

How to Cite

AGUIAR, A. B. .; AGUIAR, A. B. .; ALBUQUERQUE FILHO, L. B. de .; RAMANZINI, L. G. .; SILVA, J. G. M. da .; LIMA, M. P. P. .; RIBAS, M. Z. .; PATICCIÉ, G. F. .; NOLETO, F. M. .; SANTOS, J. C. C. dos . Neuropsychiatric and cognitive comorbidities in epilepsy. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 10, p. e33121043331, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43331. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/43331. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 10

Section

Health Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2023 André Bessa Aguiar; Alan Bessa Aguiar; Luciano Barroso de Albuquerque Filho; Luis Guilherme Ramanzini; Jaiurte Gomes Martins da Silva; Micael Porto Portela Lima; Michelle Zonkowski Ribas; Gabriela Ferreira Paticcié; Felipe Micelli Noleto; Júlio César Claudino dos Santos

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.