Alternativas para la reutilización de residuos textiles

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10613

Palabras clave:

Desechos textiles; Economía circular; Moldeo por compresión; Reciclaje mecánico; Reciclaje químico.

Resumen

Los productos textiles son indispensables en el día a día, estando presentes en diferentes formatos y características. Sin embargo, la industria textil es el segundo contaminante más grande del mundo debido a las pocas técnicas de reutilización y reciclaje que tienen grandes impactos ambientales. Los datos muestran que el reciclaje de residuos textiles no llega al 25% de lo que se genera, produciendo así alrededor de 1.200 millones de toneladas de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero al año. El reciclaje de residuos textiles se considera de gran necesidad y viabilidad en la implementación del concepto de economía circular, pero es un desafío, especialmente porque estos residuos suelen estar mezclados con otras fibras. En este sentido, el presente trabajo presenta el concepto de economía circular relacionado con la industria textil y las formas de reciclar tejidos, con el objetivo de reducir los impactos ambientales. La economía circular presenta un modelo capaz de desvincular el crecimiento económico de la generación de residuos, transformando los residuos en nuevos productos y materiales con la máxima eficiencia, con el objetivo de alcanzar un modelo económico con cero residuos, imprescindible para lograr un crecimiento sostenible. La transición a una economía circular debe comenzar con la prevención de residuos y la minimización de residuos depositados en vertederos y finalmente la implementación de procesos de reciclaje. Los diferentes procesos de reciclaje demostraron ser prometedores en el sentido de contribuir significativamente a la economía circular. Las principales tecnologías de reciclaje incluyen el proceso de moldeo por compresión en caliente, el proceso de reciclaje mecánico y el proceso de reciclaje químico para residuos textiles.

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Publicado

10/12/2020

Cómo citar

VELICKO, A. J.; AMRGINSKI, R. L.; HEMKEMEIER, M. Alternativas para la reutilización de residuos textiles. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 11, p. e96291110613, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10613. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/10613. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ingenierías