Factores de riesgo de suicidio en los ancianos antes y durante el periodo de confinamiento del COVID-19

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i12.11105

Palabras clave:

Anciano; COVID-19; Pandemia; Suicidio; Aislamiento.

Resumen

Analizar factores relacionados con la salud mental y riesgo de suicidio en ancianos y verificar su asociación con la pandemia de COVID-19. Se trata de una revisión integrativa de literatura mediante la búsqueda de artículos indexados por bases de datos electrónicas de Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y SciELO, incluyendo 33 artículos.  Los descriptores fueron: “mental health” OR “suicide” AND “elderly” OR “aged” AND “pandemics” AND “covid-19” OR “coronavirus”. Los factores más asociados con el suicidio de ancianos en Brasil fueron: problemas de salud, aislamiento, violencia, problemas económicos y pérdida de seres queridos. Los estudios brasileños utilizaron, en su mayoría, entrevistas semiestructuradas como camino metodológico. Los estudios que abordan la salud mental de ancianos en la pandemia tienen orígenes europeos, norteamericanos y asiáticos, con metodologías variadas. Estos mostraron que el aislamiento comprende factores de riesgo de suicidio entre las personas mayores. Aunque algunos estudios apuntan la resiliencia de los ancianos en la pandemia, los estudios en general han explicado la vulnerabilidad a riesgos para salud mental. Por consiguiente, la pandemia de COVID-19 puede tener consecuencias para la salud de la población, afectando también la salud mental, debido a la multiplicidad de pérdidas asociadas, especialmente entre ancianos. En relación con los estudios prepandémicos, se observó que el confinamiento por covid-19 presenta desafíos y factores de riesgo de suicidio entre la población anciana. En Brasil, las políticas públicas destinadas a prevenir el suicidio entre personas mayores aún no son una prioridad, realidad que dificulta la identificación de riesgos para las ideas suicidas.

Citas

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Publicado

27/12/2020

Cómo citar

LUCCHINI, M. L. K.; VECCHIA, M. F. D. .; HEINEN, M.; FERRETO, L. E. D.; WENDT, G. Factores de riesgo de suicidio en los ancianos antes y durante el periodo de confinamiento del COVID-19. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 12, p. e37391211105, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i12.11105. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/11105. Acesso em: 25 nov. 2024.

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