Estudio fitotóxico y enzimático de Philodendron meridionale en semillas de Lactuca sativa L.

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11336

Palabras clave:

Araceae; Actividad enzimática; Alelopatía; Compuestos fenólicos; Saponinas.

Resumen

En un esfuerzo por identificar nuevos bioplaguicidas, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de los extractos cetónicos y etanólicos de tallo y hoja de Philodendron meridionale (Buturi & Sakur) (SKE, SEE, LKE y LEE, respectivamente) sobre la germinación, el crecimiento y la raíz. respiración y actividades enzimáticas de las semillas de Lactuca sativa L., y medir las saponinas, fenólicos y flavonoides asociados que pueden poseer actividades herbicidas, farmacéuticas o pesticidas. Los extractos se obtuvieron utilizando un aparato Soxhlet modificado y se ensayaron extractos metanólicos de 0,1, 0,25, 0,5, 0,75 y 1,0 mg.mL-1, con agua y metanol como control. Se determinó la presencia de saponinas y la concentración de compuestos fenólicos. La actividad alelopática se evaluó en pruebas de germinación, crecimiento, respiración celular y actividad enzimática. La presencia de saponinas y la concentración de compuestos fenólicos equivalentes a 225,12 para LKE, 240,45 para LEE, 193,28 para SKE y 265,14 para SEE (mg.g-1.ácido gálico), y flavonoides 52,74 para LKE, 54,31 para LEE, 72,74 para SKE y 67,21 para SEE (mg.g-1.quercetina). La alelopatía de los extractos de P. meridionale contra L. sativa se confirmó através de los efectos negativos sobre la germinación de semillas de L. sativa, el crecimiento y morfología de radicales, la masa seca y las concentraciones de α-amilasa (EC 3.2.1.1), ascorbato peroxidasa (EC 1.11.1.11), catalasa (EC 1.11.1.6) y polifenol oxidasa (EC 1.10.3.1). Es probable que la acción alelopática de los extractos de P. meridionale estuviera relacionada con sus efectos sobre la permeabilidad de la membrana y el estrés oxidativo de las semillas de L. sativa tratadas. Los extractos de P. meridionale contenían saponinas, cristales de oxalato de calcio y flavonoides, incluidos compuestos fenólicos, que son aleloquímicos conocidos con actividad herbicida.

Biografía del autor/a

Daniela Gaspardo Folquitto, Federal University of Paraná

Farmacia

Vanessa Barbosa Bobek, Federal University of Paraná

Farmacia

Amanda Migliorini Urban, Federal University of Paraná

Farmacia

Fernando Cesar Martins Betim, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

Letícia Freire Oliveira, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

Camila Bugnoto Pereira, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

Francis José Zortéa Merino, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

Josiane de Fátima Gaspari Dias, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

Rosi Zanoni da Silva, State University of Ponta Grossa

Pharmacy

Paulo Vitor Farago, State University of Ponta Grossa

Pharmacy

Marilis Dalarmi Miguel, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

Obdulio Gomes Miguel, Federal University of Paraná

Pharmacy

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03/01/2021

Cómo citar

SWIECH, J. N. D.; FOLQUITTO, D. G.; BOBEK, V. B.; URBAN, A. M. .; BETIM, F. C. M.; OLIVEIRA, L. F.; PEREIRA, C. B.; MERINO, F. J. Z.; DIAS, J. de F. G. .; SILVA, R. Z. da; FARAGO, P. V. .; MIGUEL, M. D.; MIGUEL, O. G. Estudio fitotóxico y enzimático de Philodendron meridionale en semillas de Lactuca sativa L. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. e5610111336, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11336. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/11336. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas