¿Una aplicação foliar de silício aumenta o rendimento de biomassa da silagem de milheto y proporciona ganhos econômicos significativos?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14232

Palabras clave:

Pennisetum glaucum; Elemento Benéfico; Eficiencia Nutricional; Manejo nutricional.

Resumen

El mijo es una gramínea que se ha destacado para la producción de ensilaje, especialmente por ser una planta tropical productiva y poco exigente en cuanto a la fertilidad del suelo. Una solución de bajo costo para aumentar la producción de biomasa es la aplicación de silicio (Si), que ha demostrado ser beneficiosa para las plantas, especialmente cuando se someten a condiciones de estrés. Por lo tanto, analizamos los efectos de la aplicación foliar de silicio en los intercambios de gases, la producción de biomasa seca y la eficiencia económica. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar que consistió en la aplicación foliar de las siguientes cinco dosis de Si: 0; 0,84; 1,68; 2,52; y 3,36 g L-1 de Si aplicado como silicato de potasio y sodio, con cinco repeticiones. Se evaluó la altura de la planta, el área foliar, el contenido y la acumulación de Si en la planta, los intercambios de gases (conductancia estomática, transpiración y fotosíntesis neta), la producción de materia seca, la absorción y la eficiencia de transporte de Si por las plantas y su eficiencia económica. El contenido de Si aumentó y se acumuló en todas las partes de las plantas de mijo, alcanzando valores entre 2,5 y 3,3 g L-1. Hubo incrementos lineales de aproximadamente 9 y 27% en altura y área foliar de plantas de mijo con 3,36 g L-1 de Si. La conductancia estomática y la transpiración alcanzaron valores máximos que representan un aumento del 44,60 y 101,30%, respectivamente. La concentración de 3,36 g L-1 de Si aumentó la fotosíntesis en un 76% y disparó la producción de materia seca en un 15%, en comparación con el control. La aplicación de Si es económicamente viable. Se suprimen los costos operacionales de aplicación, llegando a US $ 45,32 ha-1 con la aplicación de 2,52 g L-1 de Si.

Citas

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Publicado

12/04/2021

Cómo citar

FLORES, R. A. .; PESSOA DE SOUSA, M. A. .; BUENO, A. M. .; ANDRADE, A. F. de .; SOUZA JUNIOR, J. P. de .; ABDALA, K. de O. .; PRADO, R. de M. .; SANTOS, G. G. .; MESQUITA, M. ¿Una aplicação foliar de silício aumenta o rendimento de biomassa da silagem de milheto y proporciona ganhos econômicos significativos?. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 4, p. e41610414232, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14232. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/14232. Acesso em: 22 dic. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas