Rendimiento de los granos y los parámetros fisiológicos del intercambio de gases del frijol en función de la fertilización con cobre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14234Palabras clave:
Fertilización foliar; Cubrir la fertilización; Micronutrientes; Fotosíntesis; Calidad fisiológica.Resumen
El estudio en la campaña fue realizado para investigar las respuestas de los parámetros nutricionales, fisiológicos, productivos y económicos del frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) después de la aplicación de fertilizante de cobre, en hojas y suelo. Para el ensayo se empleó un diseño de bloques completo al azar, con arreglo factorial 2x5 en seis repeticiones. El primer factor fue el tipo de la aplicación de fertilizante. El segundo fue los doses de cobre: 0, 1, 2, 3 y 4 kg ha-1. Las diferencias entre medias de tratamientos fueron comparadas utilizando variancia y la prueba de F (p-valor < 0,05) y los valores cualitativos y la regresión polinomial la prueba Scott & Knott. Las variables en estudio fueron: los niveles de nitrógeno y cobre en las hojas, el índice relativo de clorofila (ICR), los intercambios de gases, eficiencia fotoquímica de fotosistema II y el rendimiento de granos. La aplicación en suelo fue más responsiva para los niveles de Cu (4% y 28%) en las hojas a los 24 y 45 días después de la germinación, respectivamente. La fotosíntesis liquida alcanzó el índice máximo de 18,77 µmol m-2 s-1 con fertilización de Cu de 4 kg ha-1 en las hojas. La aplicación de 2,0 kg Cu ha-1 fue el que proporcionó los más grandes rendimientos de granos; mientras tanto, la aplicación en suelo ha tenido 12% más expresión que la aplicación en las hojas. La fertilización en suelo demostró ser más eficiente de absorción de Cu y clorofila (IRC) sobre todo a la dosis de 2 kg ha-1. Esta misma dosis proporcionó lo mejor gano diferencial, con cerca de US$ 581,96 ha-1 y US$ 503,01 ha-1 para la aplicación en suelo y en las hojas, respectivamente.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Amanda Magalhães Bueno; Rilner Alves Flores; Aline Franciel de Andrade; Marco Aurelio Pessoa de Sousa; Nícolas Gomes Pedreira; Leonardo Santos Collier; Klaus de Oliveira Abdala; Marcio Mesquita; Glenio Guimarães Santos
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