Densidad y composición del banco de semillas del suelo en un ecosistema forestal sucesional en la Amazonía oriental, Brasil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15318

Palabras clave:

Sistema de corte y quemado; Agricultura migratória; Bosques secundarios; Trayectoria de restauración.

Resumen

En la Amazonía, la agricultura itinerante garantiza la subsistencia de las comunidades tradicionales, pero provoca intensos impactos ambientales. La restauración forestal con el seguimiento de indicadores como el banco de semillas es fundamental, ya que brinda información sobre especies viables para germinar en escenarios de perturbación del ecosistema. Por lo tanto, nuestro objetivo es evaluar la composición y densidad del banco de semillas de un bosque sucesional en la Amazonía, sometido a la manipulación de agua y nutrientes durante 12 años. Las recolecciones se realizaron al azar, con la ayuda de un muestreador hueco, en un fragmento de bosque con tres tratamientos (control - CTL, remoción de hojarasca - REM y riego periódico - IRR). Encontramos 684 individuos y 32 especies. La densidad de individuos varió de 820 ± 112 a 972 ± 394 ind m-2 para REM y CTL, mientras que la de especies varió de 188 ± 48 a 216 ± 9.24 spp m-2 para CTL y REM, respectivamente. Los arbustos tenían el mayor número de individuos emergentes y las enredaderas, el menor. Las tasas más altas de Shannon-Weanver y Pielou se observaron en el CTL. Las especies Vismia guianensis, Cecropia obtusa y Cyperus rotundus fueron las más frecuentes en todos los tratamientos y predominaron las especies pioneras. La velocidad de emergencia del tratamiento REM fue menor que la de CTL, mientras que el tiempo promedio de emergencia fue similar entre tratamientos. La composición y densidad del banco de semillas no se vieron afectadas por el efecto residual del manejo de la cama. A pesar de esto, los resultados fueron ligeramente superiores para el tratamiento con CTL.

Citas

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Publicado

19/05/2021

Cómo citar

ARAÚJO, E. A. A. .; RODRIGUES, J. I. de M.; MARTINS, W. B. R.; SANTOS JUNIOR, H. B. dos; RANGEL-VASCONCELOS, L. G. T.; OLIVEIRA, F. de A. Densidad y composición del banco de semillas del suelo en un ecosistema forestal sucesional en la Amazonía oriental, Brasil. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 6, p. e23610615318, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15318. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/15318. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas