La anestesia regional como alternativa a los procedimientos médicos en la pandemia de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16636Palabras clave:
Anestesia local; Anestésicos locales; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2.Resumen
La pandemia de coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) afectó significativamente los sistemas de salud y desafió al equipo multidisciplinario, que se considera un problema de salud pública mundial. Se han sugerido varias estrategias orientadas a la seguridad y minimizar la exposición al virus de los profesionales de la salud y de los pacientes hospitalizados, una de las cuales es evitar procedimientos que generen aerosoles durante los procedimientos quirúrgicos, como el manejo de la vía aérea. Por lo tanto, la anestesia regional y local se ha convertido en una alternativa viable, eficaz y segura a la anestesia general, desempeñando un papel importante durante el brote de COVID-19, cuando corresponde. Entre las ventajas, se pueden mencionar la no generación de aerosoles, analgesia postoperatoria, reducción de náuseas y vómitos, así como complicaciones cardiorrespiratorias. Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la aplicación de anestesia regional en diferentes especialidades médicas durante la pandemia de coronavirus, evaluando los resultados de su uso. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de Pubmed, Web of Science (todas las bases de datos), Scopus, Embase y Cochrane Library utilizando los términos de búsqueda "SARS-CoV-2", "COVID-19", "Anesthesia, Local" y "Anesthetics, Local” donde se incluyeron 49 referencias. Los estudios muestran buenos resultados en las técnicas utilizadas y permiten un tratamiento alternativo seguro en diversos campos quirúrgicos. Así, la anestesia regional y local son aptas y viables para procedimientos médico-quirúrgicos y constituyen una buena alternativa a la anestesia general y pueden aplicarse en diferentes especialidades quirúrgicas.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Flauber Teixeira Machado Segundo; Larissa Pavanello; Daniel Felipe Fernandes Paiva
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