La importancia de la microbiota intestinal y su papel en la infección nosocomial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.19166Palabras clave:
Infección nosocomial; interacción huésped-microbiano; microbiota intestinal.; Infección hospitalaria; Interacciones microbiota-huesped; Microbioma gastrointestinal.Resumen
El tracto gastrointestinal alberga la comunidad de microorganismos más grande y compleja, y esta colonización bacteriana del intestino humano por microbios ambientales comienza inmediatamente después del nacimiento. La microbiota intestinal tiene várias funciones importantes y únicas, incluidas funciones metabólicas como la biotransformación de fármacos y la digestión de compuestos dietéticos; una función de barrera mucosa al inhibir la invasión de patógenos y una función inmunomoduladora. Por otro lado, algunas bacterias comensales pueden ser patógenas, causando infecciones si el hospedador natural está comprometido y, en hospedadores predispuestos, la microbiota intestinal puede estar involucrada en la infección nosocomial. La translocación de bacterias a través de la pared intestinal se considera una de las principales causas de infecciones nosocomiales. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar una visión integral de la microbiota intestinal humana, sus funciones principales, su papel en la salud y la enfermedad, abordando la correlación entre la composición microbiana intestinal y las infecciones nosocomiales.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Luisa Ferreira da Cruz; Israel Lucas Antunes Souza; Larissa Dias de Souza; Marcelo Gonzaga de Freitas Araújo; Paulo Afonso Granjeiro
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