Educación sobre el dolor en pacientes con lumbalgia y sensibilización central: un estudio piloto

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19715

Palabras clave:

Lumbalgia; Sensibilización del sistema nervioso central; Terapia de ejercicio; Educación de la población; El manejo del dolor.

Resumen

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de un programa de educación sobre el dolor asociado con la terapia de ejercicios en pacientes que tienen dolor lumbar crónico inespecífico con y sin sensibilización central. Metodología: Se trata de un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado, en el que los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos: pacientes con lumbalgia crónica inespecífica sin sensibilización central (G1) ou pacientes con lumbalgia crónica inespecífica con sensibilización (G2). Después de una evaluación previa de la intensidad del dolor, percepción de mejoría, discapacidad, kinesiofobia, agilidad y gastos de salud, los pacientes recibieron tratamiento durante 5 semanas, totalizando 10 sesiones. Resultados: Los resultados no mostraron diferencias entre los grupos, pero la comparación intragrupo mostró una mejora en la movilidad (p = 0,005) y el dolor (p = 0,005) y una reducción en la discapacidad (p = 0,036) y kinesiofobia (p = 0,012). para el G1. Para G2 hubo mejoría en la movilidad (p = 0.012), dolor (p = 0.012) y reducción de la discapacidad (p = 0.018). El nivel de actividad física fue diferente solo para el grupo con sensibilización central (p = 0.034). En cuanto a los gastos en salud, es claro que no hubo cambios en el tiempo, para las hospitalizaciones y los gastos con citas médicas, dado el corto período evaluado. Conclusión: Se concluye que un programa de educación del dolor combinado con ejercicio es beneficioso para mejorar la funcionalidad física, el dolor, la disminución de la discapacidad y la kinesiofobia para G1, mientras que para G2 hubo una mejora en el nivel de actividad física, movilidad, dolor y reducción de la discapacidad. Finalmente, esperamos que este estudio contribuya a la implementación de programas y protocolos de atención más efectivos.

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Publicado

05/09/2021

Cómo citar

LIMA, V. N. B.; ALMEIDA, A. V. A. C.; OLIVEIRA, G. U.; MONTEIRO, V. A. B.; SANTO, G. C. do E.; SILVA JÚNIOR, W. M. da; FARIAS NETO, J. P. de . Educación sobre el dolor en pacientes con lumbalgia y sensibilización central: un estudio piloto . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 11, p. e404101119715, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19715. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/19715. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud