El veneno está sobre la mesa: un análisis de los pesticidas presentes en la comida de los brasileños
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20085Palabras clave:
Plaguicida; Residuo; Comida; Riesgo para la salud humana.Resumen
Brasil es el mayor consumidor mundial de pesticidas. Para monitorear la calidad de los alimentos vendidos en el país, se creó el Programa de Análisis de Residuos de Plaguicidas en los Alimentos (Programa de Análise de Resíduos de Agrotóxicos em Alimentos - PARA), encargado de realizar análisis de estos alimentos y brindar informes anuales. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un relevamiento de la información contenida en estos informes sobre los residuos de plaguicidas encontrados en muestras insatisfactorias (plaguicidas no autorizados y/o por encima del límite permitido). Se trata de un estudio documental descriptivo, basado en los informes disponibles (2001 a 2018). Se recopiló información sobre los plaguicidas que más aparecieron entre las muestras consideradas insatisfactorias y su posible daño a la salud humana. Las fresas, pimientos morrones y pepinos presentaron el mayor número de muestras insatisfactorias, principalmente debido a la presencia de pesticidas no autorizados. Los plaguicidas que se han repetido de forma más irregular han sido el clorpirifos, carbendazim, acefato y metamidofos, este último prohibido desde 2011 en Brasil. La evidencia muestra que tales pesticidas son tóxicos para el organismo humano. Se necesitan medidas para un mejor control e inspección de los alimentos y plaguicidas vendidos en Brasil, además de sensibilizar a la población y los productores rurales.
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