Relación entre obesidad y trastornos musculoesqueléticos: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.20212

Palabras clave:

Obesidad; Metaanálisis; Dolor; Cambio postural.

Resumen

Introducción: La obesidad es considerada un problema de salud pública y está asociada a varios trastornos musculoesqueléticos, y no ha sido revisada de manera sistemática.Así, el objetivo del estudio fue describir la relación entre estos cambios en individuos con obesidad.Métodos: Lilacs, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus y Web of Science fueron revisados sistemáticamente hasta julio de 2018, guiados por las guías de Cochrane para el desarrollo de metanálisis.Criterios de elegibilidad: inclusión (estudio con humanos; con IMC mayor a 30 kg / m² o mayor a percentil 85 y 95 para niños y adolescentes; artículos publicados en portugués, inglés y español; artículos con métodos de evaluación validados); exclusión (artículos duplicados, no indexados; población, poblaciones especiales, resúmenes de reuniones, editoriales, cartas al editor y reseñas).Resultados: Basado en evidencia moderada, se encontraron cambios posturales en la rodilla en pacientes obesos en dos estudios (n = 158) (OR 14.26, IC 95% 4.98-40.80), I2 = 0% (p = 0.000), cambios posturales en el pie en 3 estudios (n = 338) (OR 3,20, IC 95% 2,08-4,94), I2 = 0% (p = 0,000).Se identificaron estudios para la artritis (n = 1331) (OR 3,38; IC del 95%: 0,72-1582), I2 = 38,95% (p = 0,122).Se encontraron dolores en las extremidades inferiores y en la columna.En los miembros inferiores, se identificaron cuatro estudios (n = 1560) (OR 551 IC 95% 2,07-14,61), I2 = 81,02% (p = 0,001), ya en la columna tres estudios (n = 499) (OR 9,78 IC 95% 2,59-36,93), I2 = 86,58% (p = 0,000).Conclusión: Por lo tanto, la investigación revela que la obesidad tiene un impacto negativo en la salud musculoesquelética, con resultados estadísticamente significativos para cambios posturales en rodilla y pie, artritis y columna vertebral y miembros inferiores.

Citas

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Publicado

06/10/2021

Cómo citar

FORTUNATO, L. M.; KRUK, T.; LIMA JÚNIOR, E. Relación entre obesidad y trastornos musculoesqueléticos: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 13, p. e119101320212, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i13.20212. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/20212. Acesso em: 1 jul. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud