Variability of the nutritional composition of Brazilian corn ethanol coproducts for pigs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.21031Keywords:
DDGS; HP-DDGS; Digestible lysine; Metabolizable energy; Net energy.Abstract
The grain ethanol industry has been growing in Brazil due to the availability of corn, generating great diversity and quantity of by-products for animal feed. These co-products can be ingredients for the pig industry as long as their composition is known. The objective was to reference the chemical and nutritional composition for pigs from Brazilian by-products. Determinations of dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), crude protein (PB), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), particle size (TP), and gross energy (EB) were carried out, digestible (ED), metabolizable (EM), liquid (EL) in addition to total lysine (LT) and digestible (LD) via prediction equations for nine corn ethanol by-products. There was a significant variation in the chemical and physical composition of the Brazilian co-products analyzed, which influenced the variability in the values of energy and lysine. The highest amplitudes of values were recorded for MS, MM, EB, LT and LD. The highest values for PB were registered in the HP-DDGS followed by the DDGs of U2 and U4, while the lowest values of MS and NDF were found in the soluble ones. The highest values of ED, EM and EL were registered in the HP-DDGS, WDG and DDGS of the U1 plant. The HP-DDGS showed the best chemical, physical and nutritional composition, suggesting greater suitability for use in pig diets.
References
Acosta, J. A., Stein, H. H. & Patience, J.F. (2020). Impact of increasing the levels of insoluble fiber and on the method of diet formulation measures of energy and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 98 (6), 1–9. https://doi:10.1093/jas/skaa130
Adeola, O. & Ragland, D. (2016). Comparative ileal amino acid digestibility of distillers' grains for growing pigs. Animal Nutrition, 02(04), 262-266. https://doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2016.07.008
Anderson, P. V., Kerr, B. J., Weber, T. E., Ziemer, C. J. & Shurson, G. C. (2012 ). Determination and prediction of digestible and metabolizable energy from chemical analysis of corn coproducts fed to finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 90(04), 1242-1254.https://doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3605
AOAC. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (2005). “Official Methods of Analysis.” 18th ed. Washington: AOAC.
ABPA. Associação Brasileira de Proteína Animal (2019). Relatório anual 2019, São Paulo, SP.
Böttger, C. & Südekum, K.H. (2018). Review: protein value of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in animal nutrition as affected by the ethanol production process. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 244, 11–17. https://doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.07.018
Chatzifragkou, A., Kosik, O., Prabhakumari, P. C.; Lovegrove, A., Frazier, R.A., Shewry, P. R., & Charalampopoulos, D. (2015). Biorefinery strategies for upgrading Distillers’ Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS). Process Biochemistry, 50(12), 2194-2207. https://doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2015.09.005
Corassa, A., Lautert, I. P. A. S., Pina, D. S., Kiefer, C., Ton, A. P. S., Komiyama, C. M., Amorim, A. B. & Teixeira, A.O. (2017). Nutritional value of Brazilian distillers dried grains with solubles for pigs as determined by different methods. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 46(9), 740-746. https://doi:10.1590/s1806-92902017000900005
Corassa, A., Lautert, I.P.A.S, Ton, A.P.S., Kiefer, C., Brito, C.O., Sbardella, M. & Souza, H.C. (2021). Viability of Brazilian distillers dried grains with solubles for pigs. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(3), 1159-1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3p1159
Corassa, A., Stuani, J.L. , Ton, A. P. S. , Kiefer, C. , Sbardella, M. , Brito, C. O. , Amorim, A. B. & Goncalves, D. B. C. (2019). Nutritional value of distillers dried grains with solubles from corn and sorghum and xylanase in diets for pigs. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 48, e20190012. https://doi:10.1590/rbz4820190012
CONAB. Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento. (2020). Acompanhamento da safra brasileira – Cana-de-açúcar. Brasília: Conab,. 58p.
Fantini, C.C., Brumatti, R. C., Lopes, B.F.C.L., Gaspar, A..O., Kiefer, C. & Corassa, A . (2021). Economic evaluation of the use of distillers dried grains with solubles in swine feeding. Research, Society and Development, 10 (7), e0110716082. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16082
Gomes, J. D. F., Fukushima, R. S., Putrino, S. M., Grossklaus, C. & Lima, G. J. M. M. (2005). Efeitos do incremento da fibra em detergente neutro na dieta de suínos sobre a morfologia dos órgãos digestivos e não digestivos. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. 43(02), 202-209. file:///C:/Users/Corassa/Downloads/26500-Article%20Text-30771-1-10-20120619%20(1).pdf
Kerr, B. J., Dozier, W. A. & Shurson, G. C. (2013). Effects of reduced-oil corn distillers dried grains with solubles composition on digestible and metabolizable energy value and prediction in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 91(7), 3231-3243. http://doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6252.
Lardy, G. & Anderson, V. (2014). Feeding Coproducts of the Ethanol Industry to Beef Cattle. NDSU Extension Service, August 2014.
Leite, R. C. C. & Leal, M. R. L. V. (2007). O biocombustível no Brasil. Revista Novos Estudos CEBRAP. 78, 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-33002007000200003
Li, P., Li, D. F., Zhang, H. Y., Li, Z. C., Zhao, P. F., Zeng, Z. K., Xu, X. & Piao, X. S. (2015). Determination and prediction of energy values in corn distillers dried grains with solubles sources with varying oil content for growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 93(7), 3458-3470. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8782
Liu, K. (2008). Particle size distribution of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and relationships to compositional and color properties. Bioresource Technol. 99(17), 8421–8428. https://DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.060
NRC. National Research Concil. (2012). Nutrient Requirements of Swine (11a ed.). Publishing company: National Academy Press, Washington, D. C.
RFA. Renewable Fuels Association. Focus forward: 2020 ethanol industry outlook. Ellisville: RFA, 2020.
Rosentrater, K., Kalscheur, K., Garcia, A. & Wright, C. (2019). Fuel ethanol coproducts for livestock diets. Distillers Grains Technology Council. Recuperado de < https://distillersgrains.org/distillers-grains/ >
Rostagno, H. S., Albino, L. F. T., Hannas, M. I., Donzele, J. L., Sakomura, N. K., Perazzo, F. G., Saraiva, A., Teixeira, M. L., Rodrigues, P. B., Oliveira, R. F., Barreto, S. L. T. & Brito, C. O. (2017). Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos. Composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais (4a ed.). Viçosa: Departamento de Zootecnia. UFV.
Santos, F. A. P., Batistel, F. & Souza, J. (2015). Processamento aumenta aproveitamento do milho e eficiência de rações animais. Visão Agrícola 13, 153-153. https://www.esalq.usp.br/visaoagricola/sites/default/files/VA_13_Industrializacao-box2.pdf
Saqui-Salces, M., Luo, Z., Urriola, P. E., Kerr, B. J. & Shurson, G. C. (2017). Effect of dietary fiber and diet particle size on nutrient digestibility and gastrointestinal secretory function in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science.95:2640–2648. https://doi:10.2527/jas2016.1249
Silva, A. L. & Castañeda-Ayarza, J.A. (2021). Macro-environment analysis of the corn ethanol fuel development in Brazil. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 135, 110387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110387
Smith, B., Hassen, A., Hinds, M., Rice, D., Jones, D., Sauber, T., Iiams, C., Sevenich, D., Allen, R., Owens, F., Mcnaughton, J. & Parsons, C. (2015). Predicting the digestible energy of corn determined with growing swine from nutrient composition and cross-species measurements. Journal of Animal Science. 93(3), 1025-1038. https://doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-7807
Stein, H. H. (2008). Use of distllers co-products in diets fed to swine, 79-97. In: Babcock, B. A., Hayes, D. J., Lawrence, J. D. Using distillers grains in the U.S. and international livestock and poultry industries. 79-97. Recuperado de <https://www.card.iastate.edu/products/books/distillers_grains/pdfs/chapter4.pdf>
Stuani, J.L., Corassa, A. & Silva, I.P.A. (2016). Caracterização nutricional e uso de DDGS em dietas para suínos em crescimento e terminação - abordagem analítica. Nativa, 4, 116-120. https://doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v4i2.2988
Urriola, P. E., LI, M., Kerr, B. J. & Shurson, G. C. (2014). Evaluation of prediction equations to estimate gross, digestible, and metabolizable energy content of maize dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) for swine based on variable chemical composition. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 198, 196–202. https://doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.09.006
Wu, F., Johnston, L. J., Urriola, P. E., Hilbrands, A. M. & Shurson, G. C. (2016a). Evaluation of ME predictions and the impact of feeding maize distillers dried grains with solubles with variable oil contenton growth performance, carcass composition, and pork fat quality of growing-finishing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 213, 128-141.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.01.013
Wu, F., Johnston, L. J., Urriola, P. E., Hilbrands, A. M. & Shurson, G. C. (2016b). Effects of feeding diets containing distillers’ dried grains with solubles and wheat middlings with equal predicted dietary net energy on growth performance and carcass composition of growing–finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 94(1), 144-154. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2015-9592
Zanotto, D. L. & Bellaver, C. (1996). Método de determinação da granulometria para uso em rações de suínos e aves CT/215/EMBRAPA-CNPSA. Recuperado de < http://www.cnpsa.embrapa.br/sgc/sgc_publicacoes/cot215.pdf>
Zeng, Z. K., Shurson, G. C. & Urriola, P. E. (2017). Prediction of the concentration of standardized ileal digestible amino acids and safety margins among sources of distillers dried grains with solubles for growing pigs: A meta-analysis approach. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 231, 150-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.07.010
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Anderson Corassa ; Diésica Bianca Coelho Gonçalves; Leonardo Willian de Freitas; Charles Kiefer ; Igor Willian Wrobel Straub; Vivian Luana Rothmund; Kemerson Marcelo Batista Saucedo; Denise Correa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
