Efectos del tabaquismo pasivo en la salud de niños y adolescentes: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.21275Palabras clave:
Efectos Adversos a Largo Plazo; Revisión Sistemática; Contaminación por Humo de Tabaco.Resumen
A pesar de los esfuerzos mundiales para controlar el consumo de tabaco, sigue siendo una adicción común. El tabaquismo pasivo es la inhalación de humo de derivados del tabaco por parte de no fumadores, que respiran las mismas sustancias tóxicas que inhala el fumador. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar los posibles efectos del tabaquismo pasivo en la salud de niños y adolescentes. Se utilizó la herramienta PICO para preparar la pregunta de investigación. El protocolo de este estudio fue presentado a PROSPERO y se siguieron las pautas PRISMA. Se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos: LILACS, MEDLINE y EMBASE. Como resultado, se identificaron 493 artículos de los últimos 5 años, se eliminaron 8 artículos por ser duplicados, se excluyeron 439 artículos por no cumplir con los criterios de inclusión, se excluyeron 8 artículos por mala calidad metodológica y 38 se incluyeron en el estudio. Se concluyó, como evidencia, que el tabaquismo pasivo tiene efectos negativos en la salud de niños y adolescentes y se asoció con trastornos respiratorios, infecciosos, psiconeurocognitivos, metabólicos, cardiovasculares, otorrinolaringológicos, alérgicos y aumento de la mortalidad.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Ana Carolina Vieira Azevedo; Giulia Vittoria Ambrogi Pereira ; Mariana Xavier e Silva; Kristian Sbolli; Elaine Rossi Ribeiro
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