Nutrición y COVID-19: una investigación de aspectos nutricionales y su importancia en salud ante la pandemia

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23956

Palabras clave:

COVID-19; Alimentación; Inmunidad; Nutrientes.

Resumen

Delante de la pandemia causada por COVID-19, la población de mundo el todo se enfrente de a una nueva realidad con incertidumbre, miedo y dificultades. Este nuevo estilo de vida frente al aislamiento social y la cuarentena causó cambios de comportamiento con daños a la salud física y mental. Es sabido la importancia de un sistema inmunológico regulado como obstáculo frente a las infecciones que pueden afectar a nuestro organismo, y que la alimentación es una de las principales maneras de adquirir los nutrientes necesarios para esta regulación de la inmunidad. Por tanto, este trabajo busca investigar la influencia de los aspectos nutricionales y su importancia para la salud en el afrontamiento de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se seleccionaron artículos científicos publicados entre los años 2019 a 2021. En estos estudios es posible analizar y enfatizar la importancia de los micronutrientes que, en adecuación en el organismo o en terapia con altas dosis, mejorar la inflamación de la enfermedad y, en consecuentemente, el pronóstico de los pacientes. Se muestra la importancia de nuevos estudios que evalúen las terapias que utilizan micronutrientes en el tratamiento con COVID-19.

Citas

Albuquerque, L. P., da Silva, R. B., & de Araújo, R. M. S. (2020). COVID-19: origin, pathogenesis, transmission, clinical aspects and current therapeutic strategies. Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde, 6. https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v6i0.10432

Aro, F., Pereira, B. V., Navarro, D., & Bernardo, A. (2021). Comportamento alimentar em tempos de pandemia por Covid-19. Brazilian Journal of Development, 7(6), 59736-59748. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n6-386

Avery, J. C., & Hoffmann, P. R. (2018). Selenium, selenoproteins, and immunity. Nutrients, 10(9), 1203. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10091203

Bae, M., & Kim, H. (2020). The role of vitamin C, vitamin D, and selenium in immune system against COVID-19. Molecules, 25(22), 5346. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225346

Calder, P. C., Carr, A. C., Gombart, A. F., & Eggersdorfer, M. (2020). Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an important factor to protect against viral infections. Nutrients, 12(4), 1181. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041181

Cozzolino, S. M. F. (2005). Biodisponibilidade de nutrientes. Editora Manole. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-93322005000100017

Erol, N., Saglam, L., Saglam, Y. S., Erol, H. S., Altun, S., Aktas, M. S., & Halici, M. B. (2019). The protection potential of antioxidant vitamins against acute respiratory distress syndrome: a rat trial. Inflammation, 42(5), 1585-1594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-019-01020-2

Gama, B. D. S., & Cavalcante, K. N. (2020). Pandemia do covid-19: acometimento neurológico e os impactos cerebrais. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 3(6). https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n6-285

Galmés, S., Serra, F., & Palou, A. (2020). Current state of evidence: influence of nutritional and nutrigenetic factors on immunity in the COVID-19 pandemic framework. Nutrients, 12(9), 2738. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092738

Gasmi, A., Tippairote, T., Mujawdiya, P. K., Peana, M., Menzel, A., Dadar, M., ... & Bjørklund, G. (2020). Micronutrients as immunomodulatory tools for COVID-19 management. Clinical Immunology, 108545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108545

Herrmann, M., Farrell, C. J. L., Pusceddu, I., Fabregat-Cabello, N., & Cavalier, E. (2017). Assessment of vitamin D status–a changing landscape. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 55(1), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2016-0264

Holdoway, A. (2020). Nutritional management of patients during and after COVID-19 illness. British Journal of Community Nursing, 25(Sup8), S6-S10. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.Sup8.S6

Jovic, T. H., Ali, S. R., Ibrahim, N., Jessop, Z. M., Tarassoli, S. P., Dobbs, T. D., ... & Whitaker, I. S. (2020). Could vitamins help in the fight against COVID-19?. Nutrients, 12(9), 2550. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092550

Lakkireddy, M., Gadiga, S. G., Malathi, R. D., Karra, M. L., Raju, I. P. M., Chinapaka, S., ... & Kandakatla, M. (2021). Impact of daily high dose oral vitamin D therapy on the inflammatory markers in patients with COVID 19 disease. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97181-y

Lee, G. Y., & Han, S. N. (2018). The role of vitamin E in immunity. Nutrients, 10(11), 1614. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111614

Li, R., Wu, K., Li, Y., Liang, X., Tse, W. K. F., Yang, L., & Lai, K. P. (2020). Revealing the targets and mechanisms of vitamin A in the treatment of COVID-19. Aging (Albany NY), 12(15), 15784. doi: 10.18632/aging.103888

Maeda, S. S., Borba, V. Z., Camargo, M. B. R., Silva, D. M. W., Borges, J. L. C., Bandeira, F., & Lazaretti-Castro, M. (2014). Recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (SBEM) para o diagnóstico e tratamento da hipovitaminose D. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 58, 411-433. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-2730000003388

Mehdi, Y., Hornick, J. L., Istasse, L., & Dufrasne, I. (2013). Selenium in the environment, metabolism and involvement in body functions. Molecules, 18(3), 3292-3311. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18033292

Moghaddam, A., Heller, R. A., Sun, Q., Seelig, J., Cherkezov, A., Seibert, L., ... & Schomburg, L. (2020). Selenium deficiency is associated with mortality risk from COVID-19. Nutrients, 12(7), 2098. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12072098

Maynard, D. C., Anjos, H. A., Magalhães, A. C. V., Grimes, L. N., Costa, M. G. O., Santos, R. B. (2020). Consumo alimentar e ansiedade da população adulta durante a pandemia do COVID-19 no Brasil (2020). Research, Society and Development, 9 (11), 1-22, https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9905.

Pascarella, G., Strumia, A., Piliego, C., Bruno, F., Del Buono, R., Costa, F., ... & Agrò, F. E. (2020). COVID‐19 diagnosis and management: a comprehensive review. Journal of internal medicine, 288(2), 192-206. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13091

Richardson, D. P., & Lovegrove, J. A. (2021). Nutritional status of micronutrients as a possible and modifiable risk factor for COVID-19: a UK perspective. British journal of nutrition, 125(6), 678-684. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711452000330X

Sabico, S., Enani, M. A., Sheshah, E., Aljohani, N. J., Aldisi, D. A., Alotaibi, N. H., ... & Al-Daghri, N. M. (2021). Effects of a 2-Week 5000 IU versus 1000 IU Vitamin D3 supplementation on recovery of symptoms in patients with mild to moderate Covid-19: A randomized clinical trial. Nutrients, 13(7), 2170. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072170

Santos, L. R., Neves, C., Melo, M., & Soares, P. (2018). Selenium and selenoproteins in immune mediated thyroid disorders. Diagnostics, 8(4), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics8040070

Silvah, J. H., de Lima, C. M. M., Nicoletti, C. F., Barbosa, A. C., Junqueira, G. P., da Cunha, S. F. D. C., & Marchini, J. S. (2021). Protein provision and lower mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 45, 507-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.07.005

Tepasse, P. R., Vollenberg, R., Fobker, M., Kabar, I., Schmidt, H., Meier, J. A., ... & Hüsing-Kabar, A. (2021). Vitamin A plasma levels in COVID-19 patients: a prospective multicenter study and hypothesis. Nutrients, 13(7), 2173. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072173

Thibault, R., Seguin, P., Tamion, F., Pichard, C., & Singer, P. (2020). Nutrition of the COVID-19 patient in the intensive care unit (ICU): a practical guidance. Critical care, 24(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03159-z

Zhang, J., Rao, X., Li, Y., Zhu, Y., Liu, F., Guo, G., ... & Peng, Z. (2021). Pilot trial of high-dose vitamin C in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Annals of intensive care, 11(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-020-00792-3

Zhou, P., Yang, X. L., Wang, X. G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., ... & Shi, Z. L. (2020). A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 579(7798), 270-273. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7

Publicado

18/12/2021

Cómo citar

ROCCA, J. R.; CARVALHO, E. M. de; MAYNARD, D. da C.; CRUZ, M. F. de A. Nutrición y COVID-19: una investigación de aspectos nutricionales y su importancia en salud ante la pandemia. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 16, p. e533101623956, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23956. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/23956. Acesso em: 28 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud