Mortalidad neonatal: la necesidad de estrategias didácticas dirigidas a la protección y promoción de la salud del niñoTitle

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25865

Palabras clave:

Monitoreo epidemiológico; Mortalidad infantil; Recién nacido.

Resumen

Registro adecuado de los casos de óbitos y su análisis contribuyen a dar visibilidad a las reales lagunas y demandas de los servicios de salud. El seguimiento y análisis de la Tasa de Mortalidad Infantil (TMI) y sus características son primordiales para el desarrollo de políticas e intervenciones de salud orientadas a la promoción y protección de la salud infantil. Así, se objetivó caracterizar los óbitos neonatales registrados en Palmas, Tocantins, Brasil, en el período de 1999 a 2018, de acuerdo con sexo, peso y edad de los recién nacidos, edad materna y municipio de ocurrencia. Se registraron 800 muertes de niños con edad de hasta 27 días de vida en el municipio de Palmas, en los años de 1999 a 2018, con diferencia estadística en la proporción de óbitos neonatales según la ocurrencia del evento, sexo y peso, siendo mayor proporción de óbitos neonatales precoces cuando su ocurrencia fue en Palmas. Aunque el municipio de Palmas ha registrado avances en los indicadores de mortalidad infantil, específicamente en el componente neonatal, considerando que Brasil se propone reducir la mortalidad de recién nacidos a un máximo de 5 por mil nacidos vivos, Para 2030, será necesario avanzar hacia la cualificación de la asistencia perinatal en la región, a fin de prevenir muertes infantiles evitables. Así, se presenta como demanda urgente, mejorar los servicios de atención prenatal y materno infantil en el municipio, de modo a favorecer indicadores maternos e infantiles.

Citas

Bonita, R., Beaglehole, R. & Kjellström, T. (2010). Epidemiologia básica. (2a ed.), Santos

Bouzas, I. C. S., Cader, D. A. & Leão, L. (2014) Gravidez na adolescência: uma revisão sistemática do impacto da idade materna nas complicações clínicas, obstétricas e neonatais na primeira fase da adolescência. Adolesc. Saude, 11(3), 7-21.

Brasil. (2009). Manual de vigilância do óbito infantil e fetal e do comitê de prevenção do óbito infantil e fetal. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Análise de Situação de Saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde. https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/manual_obito_infantil_fetal_2ed.pdf

Brasil. (2002). Programas e Projetos da Saúde da Criança: responsabilidades compartilhadas em benefício das crianças brasileiras. Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant. 2(2), 193-200. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-38292002000200013

Brito, L. C. S. et al. (2021). Epidemiological aspects of child mortality. Rev. Enferm. UFPE on line: 15(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2021.244656

Burstein, R. et al. (2019). Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017. Nature, 574(1), 353-358. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1545-0

Cha, S. & Jin, Y. (2019). Have inequalities in all-cause and cause-specific child mortality between countries declined across the world? International Journal for Equity in Health. 19(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-019-1102-3

Dandona, R. et al. (2020). Subnational mapping of under-5 and neonatal mortality trends in India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2000–17. The Lancet, 395(10237), 1640-1658. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30471-2

Dias, B. A. S., Santos, E. T. N & Andrade, M. A. C. (2017). Classification systems for avoidability of infant deaths: different methods, different repercussions? Cad. Saúde Pública. 33(5), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00125916

França, E. B. et al. (2017). Leading causes of child mortality in Brazil, in 1990 and 2015: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study. Rev Bras de Epidemiol. 20(1), p.46-60. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201700050005

Furtado, M. C. C. et al. (2010). The evaluation of newborn care in the relationship between maternity hospital and basic health net. Rev. Eletr. Enf. 12(4), 640-6. https://doi.org/10.5216/ree.v12i4.7625

Gaíva, M. A. M., Monteschio, C. A. C., Moreira, M. D. A & Salge, A. K. M. (2018). Child growth and development assessment in nursing consultation. Av. enferm. 36(1) 9-21. https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v36n1.62150

Gama, S. G. N., Thomaz, E. B. A. F. & Bittencourt, S. D. A. (2021). Advances and challenges in healthcare for delivery and childbirth in the Unified Health System (SUS): the role of Rede Cegonha. Ciênc. saúde coletiva, 26(3) https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021262.41702020

Hanzen, I. P., Zanotelli, S. S., & Zanatta, E. A. (2019). Diagnostics, interventions and nursing results to subsidy the nursing consultation of the child. Enferm. Foco., 10(7), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.21675/2357-707X.2019.v10.n7.2683

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. (IBGE). (2019). Panorama Brasil. Palmas. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2019.

Justino, D. C. P., Lopes, M. S., Santos, C. D. C & Andrade. F. B. (2019). Historical evaluation of children's public health policies in Brazil: integrative review. Revista Ciência Plural, 5(1), 71-88, 2019. https://doi.org/10.21680/2446-7286.2019v5n1ID17946

Kang, J. H., Son, H., Byun, S. Y, & Han G. (2021). Effect of Direct Breastfeeding Program for Premature Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. J Korean Acad Nurs. 51(1), 119-132. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20240

Lucena, D. B. A. et al. (2018). First week of integral health for the newborn: nursing actions of the Family Health Strategy. Rev Gaúcha Enferm. 39(e2017-0068), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2018.2017-0068

Maia, L. T. S., Souza, W. V. & Mendes, A. C. G. (2020). Individual and contextual determinants of infant mortality in Brazilian state capitals: a multilevel approach. Cad. Saúde Pública. 36(2), 1-19, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00057519

Manjavidze, T., Rylander, C., Skjeldestad, F. C., Kazakhashvili, N & Anda, E. E. (2019). Incidenceand Causes of Perinatal Mortality in Georgia. J EpidemiolGlob Health, 9(3), 163-168. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.190818.001

Maranhão, A. G. K., Nogales, V. A. M., Lopes, D. & Elizabeth, F. (2011). Mortalidade infantil no Brasil: tendências, componentes e causas de morte no período de 2000 a 2010. In: Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Saúde Brasil 2011: uma análise da situação de saúde e da agenda nacional e internacional de prioridades em saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde. http://portalsaude.saude.gov.br/portalsaude/arquivos/pdf/2013/Fev/21/saudebrasil2011_parte1_cap6.pdf

Martin, A. J. et al. (2021). Nascimentos: dados finais para 2019. Natl Vital Stat Re70(2), 1-51. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-02-508.pdf

Mcdorman, M. F. & Atkinson, J. O. (1998). Estatísticas de mortalidade infantil do conjunto de dados de nascimentos / óbitos vinculados - dados do período de 1995. Mon Vital Stat, 26(46), 1-22. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9524421/

Melo, C. M., Aquino, I. S., Soares, M. Q. & Bevilacqua, D. (2017). Death surveillance as an indicator of the quality of health care for women and children Ciênc. saúde colet. 22 (10), 3457-3465. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320172210.19652017

Miller, L. & Contreras-Urbina, M. (2021). Exploring the determinants and outcomes of intimate partner violence during pregnancy for Guyanese women: results from a nationally representative cross-sectional household survey. Ver Panam Salud Publica. 45(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2021.6

Murphy, S. L. et al. (2021). Deaths: Final Data for 2018. Natl Vital Stat Re69(13), 1-83. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr69/nvsr69-13-508.pdf

Ogbo, F. A. et al. (2019) Determinantsoftrends in neonatal, post-neonatal, infant, childandunder-fivemortalities in Tanzaniafrom 2004 to 2016. BMC Public Health. 19(1) 1-12, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7547-x

Rodrigues, O. M. R. & Bolsoni-Silva, A, T. (2011). Effects of the prematurity on the development of lactentes. Rev. Bras. Cresc. E Desenv. Hum, 21(1), 111-121. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-12822011000100011&lng=pt&tlng=pt

Saltarelli, R. M. F., Prado, R. R., Monteiro, R. A. & Malta, D. C. (2019). Trend in mortality from preventable causes in children: contributions to the evaluation of the performance of public health services in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Rev. bras. epidemiol. 22(1) 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190020

Sankar, M. J. et al. (2016). When do newborns die? A systematic review of timing of overall and cause-specific neonatal deaths in developing countries. Journal of Perinatology. 36(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2016.27

Santos, L. F. et al. (2016). epidemiological profile of hospitalizations in a neonatal intensive care unit. Rev enferm UFPE on line. 10(8), 2965-73. https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v10i8a11366p2965-2973-2016

Santos, L. F. et al. (2020). Physical examination in nurses' hospital practice. Research, Society and Development, 9(7), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3794

Sleutjes, F. C. M., Parada, C, M, G, L., Carvalhaes, M. A. B. L. & Temer, M. J. (2018). Risk factors for neonatal death in an inland region in the State of São Paulo Brazil. 23(8), 2713-2720. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018238.15142016

Soares, A. R et al. (2020). Ideal time for home visits to newborns: an integrative review. Ciênc. saúde coletiva. 25(8), 3311-3320. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020258.25492018

Tashiro, A., Yoshida, H. & Okamoto, E. (2019). Infant, neonatal, and post neonatal mortality trends in a disaster region and in Japan, 2002–2012. a multi-attribute compositio nalstudy. BMC Public Health. 19(1085), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7443-4

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). (2019). Levels & Trends in Child Mortality: Report 2019, Estimates developed by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. New York: UNIGME. https://www.unicef.org/media/60561/file/UN-IGME-child-mortality-report-2019.pdf

Veloso, F. C. S. et al. (2019) Analysisof neonatal mortalityriskfactors in Brazil: a systematicreviewand meta-analysisofobservationalstudies. J Pediatr. 95(5), 519-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.12.014

Vieira, D, S. et al. (2019). Work process of nurses in child development surveillance. Rev Min Enferm. 23(e-124), 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1415-2762.20190090

Xu, H. & Xu, (2021). Efficacy analysis of diferente pulmonar surfactants in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. "Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue"[jour]. 33(2): 174-179. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20201009-00660

Yoon, S. J. et al. (2021) Identification of Growth Patterns in Low Birth Weight Infants from Birth to 5 Years of Age: Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 18(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031206

Zhang, Y. M., Shao, S. M., Zhang, X. R., Liu, J. & Zeng, C.M. (2021). [Perinatal conditions of late preterm twins versus early term twins]. Zhongguo Dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 23(3), 242-247. https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2011126

Descargas

Publicado

31/01/2022

Cómo citar

SANTOS, L. F. .; NASCIMENTO, V. F. M. .; SILVA, M. da V. F. B. .; EVANGELISTA, D. R. .; SÁ, E. S. de .; SILVA, J. B. da .; CARVALHO, L. de P. A. O.; BRITO, R. C. da C.; SILVA, S. S. e .; NUNES, D. P. . Mortalidad neonatal: la necesidad de estrategias didácticas dirigidas a la protección y promoción de la salud del niñoTitle. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. e44911225865, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25865. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/25865. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud