Parásitos gastrointestinales en animales silvestres en cautiverio de dos Jardines Zoológicos Brasileños

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.26637

Palabras clave:

Diagnóstico; Endoparásitos; Jardines zoológicos; Mini-FLOTAC.

Resumen

Tener animales en zoológicos es importante para la preservación de especies en peligro de extinción. Sin embargo, los animales en cautiverio también pueden verse afectados por diferentes especies de parásitos. Aquí, nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la ocurrencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en animales salvajes y exóticos de dos zoológicos en el estado de Sergipe, noreste de Brasil. Se obtuvieron muestras fecales por defecación espontánea de 287 ejemplares, agrupados en mamíferos (n = 101), aves (n = 99) y reptiles (n = 87). Las muestras se evaluaron mediante dos técnicas, Mini-FLOTAC y Ziehl-Neelsen, para identificar helmintos y protozoos, respectivamente. En total, el 60,2% (173/287) de los animales evaluados resultaron positivos para algún tipo de parásito gastrointestinal. Entre las clases evaluadas, los mamíferos (81,1 %; 82/101; p-value <0,0001) fueron los más afectados, seguidos de las aves (56,6 %; 56/99) y los reptiles (40,2 %; 35/87). Además, nuestros hallazgos mostraron que los parásitos Ancylostomatidae y los ooquistes de coccidios fueron los más abundantes entre las especies. Es importante destacar el primer registro de algunos parásitos en especies de Sudamérica, tales como: Ancylostomatidae en Elefante Asiático (Elephas maximus) y Oso Pardo (Ursus arctos); Toxascaris leonina en Leo (Panthera leo); y Trichostrongyloidea y Ascarididae en Equus quagga burchellii y Lama glama. En conjunto, nuestros datos mostraron una alta incidencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en animales en cautiverio, incluidas especies zoonóticas, que pueden representar un riesgo para la salud pública animal y humana.

Citas

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18/03/2022

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SANTOS, I. G. dos .; BATISTA, A. I. V.; SILVA, W. S. I. da .; OLIVEIRA NETO, M. B. .; SCHETTINO, S. C. .; OLIVEIRA, M. R. .; RAMOS, R. A. N. .; ALVES, L. C.; BEZERRA-SANTOS, M. .; LIMA, V. F. S. . Parásitos gastrointestinales en animales silvestres en cautiverio de dos Jardines Zoológicos Brasileños. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 4, p. e28411426637, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i4.26637. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/26637. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas