Las bajas temperaturas, la alta humedad relativa y las mayores precipitaciones se asocian a un mayor número de muertes por COVID-19

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27616

Palabras clave:

Pandemias; SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; Meteorología; Clima.

Resumen

Introducción: Las variables meteorológicas desempeñan un papel importante en la transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas como la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Objetivo: Analizar la correlación entre las variables meteorológicas y las muertes/casos diarios de COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo basado en datos secundarios sobre muertes, casos de COVID-19 y variables climáticas de marzo de 2020 a mayo de 2021 en Fortaleza, Brasil. Se utilizaron datos del sistema de vigilancia COVID-19 del Ministerio de Sanidad. Los indicadores climáticos se extrajeron del Instituto Nacional de Meteorología. Las variables estudiadas fueron la temperatura (mínima, media y máxima en °C), la humedad relativa (%), la precipitación total (mm) y la insolación diaria total (h). Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron la correlación de Pearson y el modelo de regresión lineal. Las correlaciones se consideraron significativas cuando P ≤ 0,05 y se adoptó un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Todas las variables meteorológicas estaban correlacionadas con las muertes por COVID-19, la temperatura mínima (r = -0,126; P < 0,01), la temperatura media (r = -0,146; P < 0,05), la temperatura máxima (r = -0,190; P < 0,001), la insolación (r = -0,214; P < 0,001), las precipitaciones (r = 0,216; P < 0,001) y la humedad relativa (r = 0,348; P < 0,001). En cuanto a los nuevos casos de COVID-19, sólo la temperatura máxima (r = -0,116; P < 0,05), la insolación (r = -0,141; P < 0,01) y la humedad relativa (r = 0,231; P < 0,001) estaban significativamente correlacionadas. Conclusión: Hubo correlaciones significativas entre las variables meteorológicas y las muertes/casos diarios de COVID-19. Se comprobó que las variables meteorológicas fueron las que más influyeron en las muertes por COVID-19.

Citas

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Publicado

24/03/2022

Cómo citar

SOUZA JÚNIOR, S. A. de .; FREITAS, P. V. C. de .; HAMBERGER, Y. do V. .; BISOL, L. W. .; SOUZA, F. G. de M. e . Las bajas temperaturas, la alta humedad relativa y las mayores precipitaciones se asocian a un mayor número de muertes por COVID-19. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 4, p. e49111427616, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27616. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/27616. Acesso em: 2 jul. 2024.

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Sección

Ciencias de la salud