Efectos adversos relacionados con la higiene frecuente de manos durante la pandemia de COVID-19: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27681Palabras clave:
Higiene de manos; Profesionales de la salud; Dermatología; COVID-19; Piel.Resumen
Las dermatosis profesionales, en la lucha contra el coronavirus, se vieron estimuladas por la higiene de manos, ya que acaba provocando roturas en la piel. En esta perspectiva, este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar las principales lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la higiene de manos en trabajadores de la salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Esta es una revisión integradora desarrollada en tres bases de datos (Medline, Scopus y Embase) a través de una estrategia de búsqueda que involucra descriptores y términos clave. Un evaluador seleccionó estudios observacionales, con personas de 30 a 49 años, publicados entre 2020 y 2021, con restricción de idioma (solo en inglés). Inicialmente se llegó a 290 estudios, pero solo se revisaron y sintetizaron 15, 14 transversales y 1 prospectivo. En general, 11 (70%) de los expedientes mencionan la dermatitis irritante primaria como dermatosis principal. La sequedad, la descamación y el eritema fueron las lesiones más asociadas, puntuadas en 12 (80%) de ellas. En cuanto a los riesgo, 3 (20%) de las encuestas citan la frecuencia de lavado de manos más de 20 veces al día. Además, 9 (60%) de la base de datos seleccionada eligieron la hidratación de manos como principal factor protector contra las dermatosis, así como 4 (25%) de ellos indican el uso de desinfectantes a base de alcohol en lugar del jabón como opción. Tras analizar los artículos, los resultados de los estudios mostraron que la dermatitis de contacto irritante primaria es la principal lesión que afecta a los profesionales sanitarios durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
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